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Acelen Renewables $1.5B Biorefinery Project in Bahia Brazil

Acelen Renewables invests $1.5B in Bahia biorefinery to produce sustainable aviation fuel and renewable diesel using macaúba palm by 2029.

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This article is based on an official press release from Acelen Renewables and supplementary market research.

Acelen Renewables, the renewable energy arm of Abu Dhabi’s sovereign wealth fund Mubadala Capital, has officially announced a US$ 1.5 billion investment to construct a large-scale renewable fuels biorefinery in Bahia, Brazil. Announced on Thursday, May 21, the project marks a significant milestone in the global energy transition and positions Brazil as a central hub for low-carbon Electric-Aviation and transport fuels.

According to the company’s press release, the facility is scheduled to begin commercial operations in 2029. Once online, the plant will have the capacity to produce 1 billion liters, approximately 20,000 barrels per day, of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) and renewable diesel (HVO) annually. The facility will be located in São Francisco do Conde, Bahia, adjacent to the existing Mataripe Refinery.

The project is backed by a historic consortium of 12 national and international financial institutions, signaling strong global market confidence in Brazil’s capacity to deliver competitive, large-scale climate solutions.

Project Scope and Financial Structure

A Landmark Consortium

The US$ 1.5 billion investment specifically covers the construction phase of the biorefinery, though supplementary research indicates the total investment for this first integrated unit, including a 10-year agro-industrial development plan, will exceed US$ 3 billion. According to project data, the capital stack consists of US$ 650 million in equity provided by Mubadala Capital, with the remaining US$ 850 million financed through a 5.5-year project finance debt structure.

As detailed in the company’s announcement, the syndicated loan is supported and led by the International Finance Corporation (IFC) and HSBC. The broader consortium includes a diverse array of global lenders: First Abu Dhabi Bank (FAB), Abu Dhabi Commercial Bank (ADCB), IDB Invest, the Brazilian Development Bank (BNDES), Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), FinDev Canada, KfW IPEX-Bank, Bradesco, BBVA, and Bank of China.

“We believe that transformative projects require long-term vision, international cooperation, and a commitment to lasting positive impact.”

— Acelen Renewables, via official press release

Technological and Agricultural Innovation

HEFA Technology and the Macaúba Advantage

The Bahia plant will utilize Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids (HEFA) technology, which is currently the most proven and widely adopted pathway for renewable fuel production globally. While the facility will initially be flexible enough to process feedstocks like soybean oil and Used Cooking Oil (UCO), the project’s long-term strategic differentiator is the cultivation of macaúba, a native Brazilian palm tree.

Research reports highlight that macaúba yields up to 10 times more oil per hectare than traditional soybeans. Acelen Renewables plans to plant 180,000 hectares of this native palm exclusively on degraded pasturelands across Bahia and Minas Gerais. This approach is designed to regenerate soil health without competing with food production.

Breakthroughs in Agritech

The commercial viability of macaúba is the result of significant agricultural research and development. Historically, macaúba seeds exhibited a natural germination rate of only 3% to 5%. Through the Acelen Agripark, a US$ 60 million (R$ 314 million) innovation center, and Partnerships with institutions like Embrapa, the company developed protocols that achieved up to an 80% germination rate. This scientific milestone unlocks the potential for commercial-scale cultivation of the plant.

Global Export Strategy and Socioeconomic Impact

De-risking Through Off-take Agreements

Despite pending domestic SAF regulations in Brazil, Acelen Renewables has commercially de-risked the project by looking outward. Market data reveals that 90% of the facility’s future production is already contracted to clients in the United States and Europe. Because SAF and HVO are “drop-in” fuels, they require no modifications to existing aircraft or heavy transport engines, making them highly sought after in markets with strict emission reduction mandates.

Local Regeneration and Job Creation

The environmental and social impacts of the project extend well beyond fuel production. SAF and HVO reduce CO2 emissions by up to 80% compared to traditional fossil fuels. Furthermore, because the cultivation of macaúba captures carbon in degraded soils, Acelen projects the overall lifecycle of the fuel to be “net-negative” in carbon emissions.

On the socioeconomic front, the company has integrated social inclusion into its supply chain. Through its “Programa Valoriza,” 20% of the macaúba supply will be sourced via partnerships with family farmers and small producers, providing a new economic lifeline for communities in semi-arid regions. The broader integrated project is expected to generate up to 90,000 direct and indirect jobs over the coming years.

AirPro News analysis

We view Acelen Renewables’ final Investments decision as a watershed moment for the Latin American biofuels sector. By securing 90% of its off-take agreements in the US and Europe, Mubadala Capital successfully bypassed the regulatory waiting game regarding Brazil’s domestic SAF mandates. This export-driven Strategy allowed the consortium to confidently deploy US$ 1.5 billion in capital today.

Furthermore, the domestication of the macaúba plant represents a critical leap in sustainable feedstock supply. The jump from a 3% to an 80% germination rate is a prime example of how targeted agritech investments can unlock massive energy transition bottlenecks. If Acelen successfully executes this first facility, it paves the way for its broader vision: a total of five biorefineries in Brazil with an estimated cumulative investment of US$ 12.5 billion.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is SAF?

Sustainable-Aviation Fuel (SAF) is a liquid fuel currently used in commercial aviation which reduces CO2 emissions by up to 80%. It can be produced from a number of sources (feedstock) including waste oil and agricultural residues.

When will the Acelen Renewables biorefinery open?

Construction is expected to take approximately two and a half years, with commercial operations scheduled to begin in 2029.

Why is macaúba important to this project?

Macaúba is a native Brazilian palm that produces up to 10 times more oil per hectare than soybeans. It can be grown on degraded pasturelands, meaning it does not compete with food crops while simultaneously helping to regenerate the soil and capture carbon.

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Photo Credit: Acelen Renewables

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Sustainable Aviation

SkyKraft Secures €21M Grant to Develop Large-Scale eSAF Facility in Sweden

SkyKraft joint venture awarded €21 million to develop an electro Sustainable Aviation Fuel plant in Skellefteå, aiming to cut emissions and boost Sweden’s fuel security.

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This article is based on an official press release from SkyNRG.

Project SkyKraft, a strategic joint venture between Dutch sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) developer SkyNRG and Swedish power company Skellefteå Kraft, has secured a major financial boost to advance its synthetic fuel ambitions. According to an official company announcement, the partnership has been awarded a €21 million (approximately 231 million SEK) grant from the Swedish Energy Agency’s Industriklivet (Industrial Leap) initiative.

The newly acquired funding is earmarked to accelerate the feasibility, design, and engineering phases for a large-scale electro Sustainable Aviation Fuel (eSAF) production facility in Skellefteå, Sweden. Initiated in 2022, the SkyKraft project aims to merge SkyNRG’s extensive experience in SAF markets with Skellefteå Kraft’s robust renewable energy infrastructure.

This development represents a significant milestone for the European aviation sector. If brought to full operational capacity, the planned facility could produce enough eSAF to cover more than the entire annual fuel consumption of Sweden’s domestic aviation sector, marking a critical step toward decarbonizing regional air travel and enhancing domestic energy security.

The SkyKraft eSAF Facility

Location and Infrastructure

According to the project details released by SkyNRG, the planned eSAF facility will be situated at Näsudden in the Port of Skellefteå, Northern Sweden. The location was strategically selected for its optimal industrial conditions. The site offers direct access to nearly 100% renewable energy, primarily sourced from hydro and wind power, which is essential for the energy-intensive electrolysis process used to generate fossil-free hydrogen.

Furthermore, the Näsudden site provides proximity to biogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) captured from local industries, as well as existing electrical and transport infrastructure. By combining this fossil-free hydrogen with captured biogenic CO2, the facility will produce eSAF, a “drop-in” synthetic fuel that requires no modifications to existing aircraft engines or airport fueling systems.

Production Capacity and Timeline

The €21 million grant from the Swedish Energy Agency will cover the project’s critical development period, officially slated from January 1, 2026, to December 31, 2027. The company states that these funds will be utilized to prepare the detailed documentation necessary to reach a Final Investment Decision (FID), which is currently targeted for 2027.

At full scale, the SkyKraft facility is projected to produce between 120,000 and 130,000 tonnes of eSAF annually. The fully developed factory is expected to represent a multi-billion SEK investment, generating approximately 100 local jobs in the region.

“This support is a strong signal that SkyKraft represents the kind of project Europe needs to scale SAF production. eSAF is a complex and capital-intensive industry, but the long-term demand fundamentals are very strong. With SkyNRG’s experience in SAF markets and Skellefteå Kraft’s renewable energy expertise, SkyKraft combines industrial capability with the right market conditions to move from ambition to delivery.”

— Maarten van Dijk, CEO & Co-Founder of SkyNRG, via company press release

Environmental and Economic Impact

Emissions Reductions

The environmental projections for the SkyKraft facility are substantial. Data provided in the announcement indicates that the eSAF produced at the Skellefteå plant will reduce greenhouse gas emissions by over 95% compared to conventional fossil jet fuel. Upon full-scale implementation, the facility is estimated to reduce annual CO2 emissions by 486,000 tonnes.

Domestic Energy Security

Beyond emissions reductions, the project addresses critical vulnerabilities in national energy supply chains. The projected output of up to 120,000 tonnes per year exceeds the total annual aviation fuel consumption of Sweden’s domestic flights. This capacity positions Sweden to achieve a massive step toward national self-sufficiency in sustainable transport.

“Funding from Industriklivet is a clear confirmation that the Swedish Energy Agency also recognizes SkyKraft as vital both for the aviation sector’s transition and for Sweden’s resilience. During the feasibility phase, we have received further confirmation that Näsudden offers world-class conditions for the production of eSAF.”

— Joachim Nordin, CEO of Skellefteå Kraft, via company press release

The strategic importance of this domestic production was echoed by government officials. Caroline Asserup, Director General of the Swedish Energy Agency, noted in the release that current geopolitical situations and global fuel market volatility highlight the necessity of moving away from fossil import dependence. She emphasized that the investment provides dual synergies: reducing emissions while simultaneously building up domestic aviation fuel production.

Industry Context and Regulatory Tailwinds

ReFuelEU Aviation Mandates

The advancement of the SkyKraft project is heavily supported by shifting European regulations. The European Union’s ReFuelEU Aviation regulation mandates that fuel suppliers blend an increasing percentage of sustainable aviation fuels into their supplies starting in 2025. This mandate is set to scale aggressively, requiring a 70% SAF blend by the year 2050. Unlike broader electro-fuel markets, which have occasionally struggled to find guaranteed off-takers, the demand for eSAF is structurally secured by these strict regulatory requirements.

AirPro News analysis

We observe that the €21 million grant from the Swedish government arrives at a pivotal moment for the European renewable fuels sector. Over the past year, several early-stage electro-fuel and green hydrogen projects across Europe have faced significant financing hurdles, largely due to high capital costs and uncertain short-term demand. However, the backing of SkyKraft by the Industriklivet initiative, which is co-financed by the Next Generation EU recovery fund, signals strong institutional confidence in this specific joint venture.

By localizing the production of critical energy resources and utilizing domestic renewable electricity alongside biogenic CO2, Sweden is effectively insulating its aviation sector from the volatile global oil markets. This project serves as a blueprint for how strategic state funding can bridge the gap between ambitious climate targets and the capital-intensive reality of scaling synthetic fuel infrastructure.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What is eSAF?
Electro Sustainable Aviation Fuel (eSAF) is a synthetic aviation fuel produced by combining fossil-free hydrogen (created via water electrolysis using renewable electricity) with captured biogenic carbon dioxide. It is a “drop-in” fuel, meaning it can be used in existing aircraft without infrastructure changes.

How much funding did Project SkyKraft receive?
The project was awarded a €21 million (approximately 231 million SEK) grant from the Swedish Energy Agency’s Industriklivet initiative.

When will the SkyKraft facility be operational?
The current grant covers the development period from 2026 to 2027. The project aims to reach a Final Investment Decision (FID) in 2027, which will dictate the subsequent construction and operational timeline.

How much fuel will the facility produce?
At full scale, the facility aims to produce between 120,000 and 130,000 tonnes of eSAF annually, which is enough to cover more than the total annual fuel consumption of Sweden’s domestic flights.


Sources: SkyNRG

Photo Credit: SkyKraft

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Sustainable Aviation

Hawaiian Airlines Electrifies 73% of Honolulu Ground Fleet with Electric Vehicles

Hawaiian Airlines replaces 116 diesel and propane ground vehicles with electric models at Honolulu airport, supported by Hawaii DOT’s charging infrastructure.

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This article is based on an official press release from Hawaiian Airlines.

On May 18, 2026, Hawaiian Airlines announced a significant milestone in its environmental strategy by unveiling a new fleet of fully electric ground support equipment (GSE) at the Daniel K. Inouye International Airport in Honolulu (HNL). According to the official press release, the carrier is replacing 116 legacy diesel and propane-powered vehicles with lithium battery-powered alternatives.

This transition marks a major operational shift at Hawaiian’s primary hub. By eliminating the fossil fuel consumption, fumes, and noise associated with the older vehicles, the airline aims to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions while lowering ongoing maintenance costs.

The initiative was made possible through a strategic infrastructure partnerships with the State of Hawaiʻi Department of Transportation (HDOT), which has heavily invested in the charging network required to support such a large-scale deployment.

Scaling Up Electric Ground Operations

Equipment and Daily Impact

The newly deployed electric fleet replaces 116 baggage tractors, belt loaders, and aircraft pushback tractors. With this rollout, lithium battery-powered GSE now constitutes 73% of Hawaiian Airlines’ total ground support fleet at the Honolulu hub, according to the company’s announcement.

These vehicles are critical to daily operations. The press release notes that the equipment will be utilized by hundreds of ramp workers who process more than 8,500 checked bags daily and support approximately 180 daily flight arrivals and departures at HNL.

Following extensive testing and feedback from its ramp teams, Hawaiian Airlines selected specific models to meet its operational demands. The new fleet includes Charlatte T137 baggage tractors, Charlatte CBL2000 belt loaders, and Kalmar TBL100 towbarless pushback tractors. Notably, Charlatte engineers custom-modified the belt loaders to enhance their versatility, enabling them to service both narrow-body and wide-body aircraft in Hawaiian’s fleet.

Enhancing Ramp Worker Safety

Beyond environmental benefits, the transition introduces several features designed to improve the working environment for ramp employees. The new baggage tractors feature a redesigned cab configuration that protects operators from sun, wind, and rain. Additionally, the electric belt loaders are equipped with an advanced, sensor-guided aircraft approach system designed to prevent collisions and enhance safety during loading procedures.

Infrastructure and State Partnerships

HDOT’s Crucial Investment

The electrification of Hawaiian’s ground fleet relies heavily on infrastructure investments from the State of Hawaiʻi Department of Transportation. According to the provided research report, HDOT has already installed 30 GSE charging stations, which provide 60 charging ports across multiple locations at the Honolulu airport.

Expansion of this network is already underway. An additional four charging stations, yielding eight more ports, are currently under construction and are expected to be operational by the fourth quarter of 2026. To incentivize the adoption of sustainable practices, HDOT is providing Hawaiian Airlines and other airline partners access to these charging stations at no cost for two years.

Ryan Spies, Managing Director of Sustainability for Alaska Airlines and Hawaiian Airlines, highlighted the importance of this collaboration in the company’s official statement:

“Electrifying our ground support fleet in Honolulu, our second-largest hub, represents an important step in our long-term sustainability strategy. By investing in cleaner, quieter and more efficient equipment, we’re reducing our environmental impact, enabling safe and reliable operations, and improving the workplace for our teams and the travel experience for our guests. We extend a big mahalo to the state of Hawaiʻi Department of Transportation for their partnership and investment in the GSE charging infrastructure at Honolulu’s airport.”

Broader Sustainability Context

AirPro News analysis

We view this announcement as a key indicator of Hawaiian Airlines’ accelerated environmental initiatives following its integration into the Alaska Air Group. With Ryan Spies overseeing sustainability for both carriers, this massive fleet overhaul aligns seamlessly with Alaska Air Group’s broader corporate goals, which include achieving net-zero carbon emissions.

This move also reflects a wider, airport-wide sustainability push at Daniel K. Inouye International Airport. Previously, the airport partnered with Sustainability Partners to implement Webasto PosiCharge systems for ground equipment. Delta Airlines was the first carrier to adopt that initial system, reporting estimated monthly savings of $25,000 in diesel and propane costs. Hawaiian Airlines’ deployment of 116 vehicles represents a massive scaling up of this green initiative at HNL.

Furthermore, Hawaiian’s sustainability efforts extend beyond ground operations. The airline has been actively exploring Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) in partnership with local refinery Par Hawaii. The long-term goal of this partnership is to produce SAF locally, eventually replacing up to 25% of Hawaiian Airlines’ fuel demand for island flights, which would help buffer the state from fluctuating imported crude-oil prices.

Frequently Asked Questions

How much of Hawaiian Airlines’ ground fleet at HNL is now electric?

Following the replacement of 116 legacy vehicles, 73% of Hawaiian Airlines’ ground support fleet at the Honolulu hub is now powered by lithium batteries.

What specific equipment is being replaced?

The airline is replacing diesel and propane-powered baggage tractors, belt loaders, and aircraft pushback tractors with electric models from Charlatte and Kalmar.

Who is funding the charging infrastructure?

The State of Hawaiʻi Department of Transportation (HDOT) has invested in the charging infrastructure, installing 30 stations with 60 ports, and is offering the charging at no cost to airline partners for two years.

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Photo Credit: Hawaiian Airlines

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Sustainable Aviation

ICAO Highlights Funding and Standards for Aviation Net-Zero by 2050

ICAO calls for global investment and unified regulations to scale Sustainable Aviation Fuels from 1 MT to 490 MT by 2050 to meet net-zero targets.

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This article is based on an official press release and statement from the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).

The global aviation sector has officially moved past the debate over whether it can decarbonize. According to a definitive statement published on May 15, 2026, by Juan Carlos Salazar, Secretary General of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), the industry must now confront the harsh realities of funding, infrastructure, and implementation. As the sector prepares for the upcoming ICAO Aviation Climate Week 2026, the focus has shifted entirely to whether the global community will make the hard choices required to meet its climate targets.

In his official publication, Salazar issued a stark warning to industry leaders and governments alike: fragmented decarbonization efforts risk not only missing the 2050 net-zero targets but also permanently forfeiting public trust. The core of ICAO’s message centers on the urgent need for massive, multi-decade global investments in SAF and the harmonization of regulatory standards to facilitate this unprecedented energy transition.

With 2026 marking the 10th anniversary of the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA), the pressure is mounting. While incremental efficiency gains and early SAF blending have provided a foundational model, ICAO stresses that the scale required for true transformation is far greater than what has been achieved to date.

The Scale of the Sustainable Aviation Fuel Challenge

Bridging the Massive Production Gap

According to the data provided in the ICAO research report, SAF alone must deliver over half of the aviation sector’s emissions reductions to successfully meet the 2050 Long-Term Global Aspirational Goal (LTAG). However, the gap between current production and future requirements is staggering.

The ICAO report projects that the expected SAF volume required by 2050 sits between 380 and 490 million tonnes (MT). For context, global SAF production in 2024 was only around 1 MT. Bridging this monumental gap requires sustained, multi-decade investment at a global scale, specifically mobilizing capital into energy production and supply chain infrastructure.

The Cost of Fragmentation and the Need for Certainty

While over 150 Member States, representing 99% of global air traffic, have submitted action plans to ICAO, Salazar emphasizes that these plans alone are insufficient without unified global standards. Differences in sustainability criteria and incentives across borders create fragmented markets, which stifle cross-border fuel flows and complicate global airline operations.

“Only clear standards create the regulatory certainty needed for massive, long-term investments in infrastructure and innovation.”

— Juan Carlos Salazar, Secretary General, ICAO

Salazar further warned in his statement that if the industry and governments fail to choose urgent cooperation, the consequences will be severe, noting that “the sector may find itself grounded by a climate reality it cannot escape.”

ICAO’s Financial and Regulatory Interventions

To help bridge the gap between high-level ambition and on-the-ground implementation, ICAO has launched several key initiatives aimed at supporting member states, with a particular focus on developing nations.

The Finvest Hub and ACT-SAF Programme

A primary mechanism highlighted in the ICAO release is the Finvest Hub. Launched to connect vetted sustainable aviation projects, such as SAF production facilities and clean energy infrastructure, with potential public and private investors worldwide, the Hub acts as a critical matchmaking platform. The first operational gateway, Finvest@ETAF, was established in partnership with the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA).

“It is a first-of-its-kind gateway between project developers and financiers… this matchmaking function, using ICAO’s sustainability criteria, helps de-risk investments while ensuring environmental integrity.”

— Juan Carlos Salazar, Secretary General, ICAO

Complementing this financial matchmaking is the Assistance, Capacity-building and Training for Sustainable Aviation Fuels (ACT-SAF) programme. Launched in June 2022 under the ethos that “No Country is Left Behind,” ACT-SAF provides tailored support, regulatory guidance, and funding for feasibility studies. According to the ICAO report, recent feasibility studies have been launched or completed in countries including Argentina, Peru, Panama, Côte d’Ivoire, Rwanda, and Kenya.

Salvatore Sciacchitano, President of the ICAO Council, echoed the importance of these initiatives in the official release, stating that the success of aviation’s environmental transition relies heavily on “strong partnerships and accessible funding, particularly for developing States.”

AirPro News analysis

We at AirPro News observe that the aviation industry is currently caught in a critical tension between fragmented regional policies and the desperate need for global convergence. The data released by ICAO underscores a stark reality: scaling SAF production from 1 MT to upwards of 490 MT in just over two decades is not merely an operational challenge; it is one of the largest capital mobilization efforts in the history of modern transportation.

The establishment of the Finvest Hub indicates that ICAO recognizes its role must evolve from a purely regulatory body to an active facilitator of green finance. However, the success of this matchmaking platform will ultimately depend on whether private equity and institutional investors view SAF infrastructure as a de-risked, viable long-term asset. If regional governments continue to implement conflicting sustainability criteria, that perceived risk will remain high, potentially stalling the very investments ICAO is trying to catalyze.

Looking Ahead to ICAO Aviation Climate Week 2026

The immediate proving ground for these initiatives will be the ICAO Aviation Climate Week 2026, scheduled for June 2–4, 2026, in Montréal. Operating under the theme “One Global Path: Advancing Net-Zero Aviation,” the event will gather airlines, manufacturers, investors, and regulators.

According to Salazar’s statement, the outcomes of this event “could set the tempo for aviation’s decarbonization efforts in the crucial years ahead.” Later in the year, the 42nd ICAO Assembly will convene, where member states are expected to renew their commitments to the 2050 net-zero target and review the progress of the 2030 vision, a framework aiming to reduce CO₂ emissions in international aviation by 5% by 2030 through the use of SAF and Lower Carbon Aviation Fuels (LCAF).

“Commentators won’t be asking ‘Can aviation decarbonize?’ (it can), but rather ‘Will the global community make the hard choices required, at the pace that reality demands?'”

— Juan Carlos Salazar, Secretary General, ICAO

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What is the LTAG?
The Long-Term Global Aspirational Goal (LTAG) was adopted by the ICAO Assembly in 2022. It sets a target for international aviation to reach net-zero carbon emissions by the year 2050.

How much Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) is needed by 2050?
According to ICAO projections, the aviation sector will require between 380 and 490 million tonnes (MT) of SAF annually by 2050 to meet its net-zero targets. In 2024, global production was approximately 1 MT.

What is the ICAO Finvest Hub?
The Finvest Hub is a matchmaking platform created by ICAO to connect vetted sustainable aviation projects (like SAF production facilities) with public and private investors, helping to de-risk investments using ICAO’s sustainability criteria.


Sources:
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)

Photo Credit: Stock Image

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