Regulations & Safety
NTSB Releases Flight Data on China Eastern Flight 5735 Crash
NTSB FOIA release reveals manual engine shutdown and control inputs in China Eastern Airlines Flight 5735 crash; CAAC final report pending.

This article is based on original AirPro News reporting and analysis of newly released public FOIA documents from the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB).
On April 29, 2026, the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) released critical technical data regarding the fatal March 2022 crash of China Eastern Airlines Flight 5735 (MU5735). The release, prompted by a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request filed by a Chinese citizen in January 2026, provides the first public, data-backed insight into the final moments of the Boeing 737-800 aircraft.
According to the newly public Flight Data Recorder (FDR) download report, originally compiled in July 2022, the aircraft experienced a deliberate manual shutdown of both engines at cruising altitude. This was immediately followed by severe manual flight control inputs that forced the plane into a fatal dive. This data release occurs against a backdrop of delayed official reports from the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC), which is leading the Investigation under international protocols.
We have reviewed the released documents, which were published on the NTSB’s official FOIA reading room on May 1, 2026, and subsequently mirrored on Wikipedia and GitHub. The findings offer essential technical context to an aviation tragedy that claimed the lives of all 132 passengers and crew members on board, marking it as the deadliest aviation accident in China since 1994.
Technical Findings from the FDR Data
Sequence of Events at 29,000 Feet
The NTSB’s July 2022 “Combined Download Report” details the final 90 seconds of recorded flight parameters. The data reveals a sequence of deliberate actions rather than a mechanical failure. According to the NTSB FOIA release, the incident began at a cruising altitude of 29,100 feet.
“while cruising at 29,000 ft., the fuel switches on both engines moved from the run position to the cutoff position.”
, NTSB Combined Download Report, July 2022
The FDR data plots show that this action occurred simultaneously or within one second of each other. Moving these switches to the cutoff position is a highly specific, multi-step physical action. It requires a pilot to lift and pull the switches over a mechanical detent, making an accidental deployment highly improbable.
Power Loss and Flight Control Inputs
The immediate result of the fuel cutoff was a rapid drop in engine core speed (N2) and a total loss of thrust. Following this power loss, the NTSB data indicates that the autopilot was disengaged.
Approximately three seconds later, the FDR recorded that the control yoke was pushed forward violently. This manual input initiated a steep, nose-down pitch. The data also shows continuous left-roll inputs, resulting in an inverted barrel roll maneuver, while the rudder remained in a neutral position.
The FDR ceased recording at approximately 26,000 feet, about 23 seconds after the fuel switches were cut. The NTSB report notes that the FDR relies on engine-driven generators and lacks a backup battery. Consequently, it powered down when the engines spooled down, leaving the final plunge to the ground unrecorded by this specific device.
The Investigation and Official Stances
The Role of the CAAC and NTSB
Under International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Annex 13 guidelines, the CAAC is the lead investigative authority for the MU5735 crash, which occurred on March 21, 2022, in Teng County, Guangxi. The NTSB serves as a technical advisor representing the state of the aircraft’s Manufacturers, Boeing.
The CAAC has yet to release a final investigation report. While ICAO guidelines expect a final report or an annual interim statement, the CAAC has deviated from this standard. In response to an open government information request on May 19, 2025, the CAAC explained its withholding of the report.
Releasing an annual interim report might “endanger national security and societal stability.”
, CAAC response to an open government information request, May 2025
Previously, in statements released in 2022 and 2024, the CAAC confirmed that no mechanical, structural, or systemic faults were found with the Boeing 737-800 aircraft.
Cockpit Voice Recorder Status
Unlike the FDR, the Cockpit Voice Recorder (CVR) is equipped with a backup battery and captured the entire event until impact. The NTSB FOIA response indicates that the CVR audio was successfully downloaded in excellent quality and handed over entirely to the CAAC. The NTSB did not retain any audio files, and the contents remain classified by Chinese authorities.
AirPro News analysis
The release of this FDR data highlights a significant transparency gap between the U.S. FOIA process and the CAAC’s ongoing withholding of the final report. U.S. federal law (49 U.S.C. § 1114(f)) mandates the release of certain technical data after specific criteria or timeframes are met, which ultimately forced the publication of these raw technical plots despite the CAAC’s reluctance to publish an interim update.
While the data strongly indicates deliberate manual inputs, specifically the fuel cutoff and the subsequent yoke push, we must avoid definitively diagnosing the motive. Without access to the CVR audio, which remains under the exclusive control of the CAAC, assigning psychological intent or confirming theories of hijacking or pilot suicide remains speculative. The empirical evidence confirms the mechanical steps of how the aircraft entered its fatal dive, but the underlying reason remains officially unanswered.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What is a fuel control switch?
A fuel control switch manages the flow of fuel to the aircraft’s engines. Moving it to the “cutoff” position mid-flight stops fuel flow, shutting down the engine. It requires a specific, deliberate physical action to bypass a safety detent, preventing accidental activation.
Why did the Flight Data Recorder stop at 26,000 feet?
The FDR on the Boeing 737-800 relies on engine-driven electrical generators. When the engines were shut down and spooled down, the generators stopped providing power. Because the FDR lacks a backup battery, it powered off before the aircraft reached the ground.
Where can the public view these NTSB documents?
The documents are available in the NTSB’s official FOIA reading room under Document DCA22WA102. They have also been archived on Wikimedia Commons and translated on various GitHub repositories.
Sources:
Photo Credit: Xinhua
Regulations & Safety
Bridger Aerospace Integrates TracPlus Data into IGNIS Platform
Bridger Aerospace partners with TracPlus to stream real-time wildfire aircraft data into its IGNIS incident management platform.

Bridger Aerospace Group Holdings, Inc. has partnered with aviation data provider TracPlus to integrate real-time aircraft tracking and drop event data directly into Bridger’s IGNIS software platform. Announced on July 20, 2026, the collaboration aims to provide wildland firefighters and incident management teams with a unified operational picture of aerial suppression efforts.
In a press release issued from its Belgrade, Montana headquarters, Bridger Aerospace stated the integration is designed to break down information silos between disparate systems. The move directly responds to recent federal directives, specifically the June 2025 Executive Order 14308, which mandated the modernization of wildfire firefighting technology and improved data sharing across agencies.
Integrating aviation intelligence for ground crews
TracPlus currently manages approximately 2,500 wildfire suppression Commercial-Aircraft and processes 800,000 flight hours annually for over 700 customers in more than 40 countries. Under the new partnership, this extensive aviation intelligence, including real-time aircraft positioning and specific drop event data, will stream directly into the IGNIS platform.
The integration allows ground crews, aviation teams, and incident managers to view exact aircraft operating locations and suppression activity impacts within the broader incident environment. By connecting these specialized platforms, the companies intend to shift aerial firefighting response from a reactive model to a proactive one.
“Trying to do everything yourself isn’t the best way in modern wildfire response,” said Todd O’Hara, CEO of TracPlus. “Our industry moves forward when specialists each perform what they do best and connect their work. By delivering our expertise in bringing aviation data together from every source and streaming it directly into the IGNIS platform, we are empowering the people on the frontline with a more complete operational picture to do their jobs better and help keep their communities safe.”
Aligning with federal modernization directives
The Partnerships aligns with the federal government’s ongoing push for connected, interoperable wildfire technology. In 2025, the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy called for a national roadmap to modernize firefighting technology and improve data sharing between systems under Executive Order 14308.
Bridger Aerospace CEO Sam Davis noted that the combined solution will enhance situational awareness for both the company’s own aerial firefighting operations and incident management teams nationwide.
“Technology is the new frontier in our mission to protect lives, property, and the environment and we just got stronger with TracPlus as a strategic partner,” Davis said.
The announcement follows Bridger Aerospace’s recent expansion in federal contracting, including a Department of the Interior task order secured on July 16, 2026, for the deployment of its multi-mission wildfire aircraft.
AirPro News analysis
We view the Bridger-TracPlus integration as a direct commercial response to the interoperability mandates outlined in Executive Order 14308. Historically, aerial firefighting has suffered from fragmented data, with ground crews, dispatchers, and pilots relying on separate, non-communicating systems. By embedding TracPlus’s massive data feed into the IGNIS platform, Bridger Aerospace is positioning its Software not just as an internal operational tool, but as a comprehensive incident management solution. This strategic alignment with federal modernization goals likely strengthens Bridger’s competitive posture for future government Contracts as agencies prioritize unified operating pictures.
Sources: Bridger Aerospace
Photo Credit: TracPlus
Regulations & Safety
AIAA Calls for Faster FAA Certification Path for AAM Aircraft
AIAA urges the FAA to adopt predictable AAM certification timelines as bipartisan legislation targets the 5-9 year type certificate process.

This article summarizes reporting by Aerospace America by Ryan Cooperman, J.D.
The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) is calling for the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to establish a more predictable certification pathway for Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) aircraft, warning that regulatory uncertainty threatens United States aerospace leadership.
In a July 2, 2026, policy article published in Aerospace America, the AIAA outlined the critical balance between maintaining rigorous safety standards and fostering innovation. The publication notes that while traditional amended type certifications typically require three to five years, certifying entirely new aircraft types like AAM platforms currently takes five to nine years under existing FAA processes.
Legislative push for regulatory predictability
To address these extended timelines, bipartisan lawmakers introduced the Aviation Innovation and Global Competitiveness Act on February 13, 2026. The legislation seeks to mandate standard expected timelines for the FAA type certification process regarding AAM aircraft. It also aims to clarify the specific conditions under which the agency must require an issue paper, a regulatory step that often introduces variability into the certification timeline.
The AIAA has formally endorsed the legislation, aligning the bill with the institute’s designation of AAM and autonomous flight integration as a 2026 Aviation Priority Issue. According to Aerospace America, securing a predictable regulatory framework is vital not only for engineering progress but also for maintaining the capital investment required to bring hybrid and electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft to market.
Overcoming historical bottlenecks and workforce gaps
The push for modernization follows years of documented regulatory friction. On June 21, 2023, the Department of Transportation Office of Inspector General (DOT OIG) released a report indicating that communication and management issues had hindered the FAA’s ability to certify AAM aircraft efficiently. Congress subsequently passed the FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024 on May 16, 2024, which included specific provisions targeting AAM integration.
Beyond statutory changes, Aerospace America highlights that certification modernization is fundamentally a workforce challenge. As aircraft designs incorporate more autonomous flight systems, the FAA must attract and retain technical specialists, software engineers, and flight-test experts capable of evaluating highly complex architectures.
“The challenge is ensuring that America’s certification system can efficiently evaluate increasingly novel aircraft and enabling technologies while preserving the world’s safest aviation system,” Cooperman wrote.
AirPro News analysis
We view the AIAA’s public policy push as a reflection of broader aerospace industry frustration with the ad-hoc nature of early eVTOL certification bases. While the FAA has made strides since the 2023 DOT OIG report, the five to nine year timeline for new type certificates remains a significant barrier for manufacturers relying on continuous venture capital funding. If the Aviation Innovation and Global Competitiveness Act passes, the mandated timelines could provide financial markets with the predictability they require. However, the FAA will still face the practical hurdle of staffing enough specialized engineers to meet those statutory deadlines without compromising its safety mandate.
Sources: Aerospace America
Photo Credit: Aerospace America
Regulations & Safety
FAA Awards L3Harris Contract to Modernize US Airspace Through 2045
The FAA awarded L3Harris a contract to upgrade 700+ ground stations and operate the US aircraft tracking network through 2045.

On July 1, 2026, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) awarded L3Harris Technologies a contract to upgrade and operate the United States aircraft tracking network through 2045. The modernization effort will overhaul ground infrastructure to support the integration of advanced air mobility (AAM) vehicles and drones into the National Airspace System.
In a press release issued on July 1, 2026, L3Harris announced the agreement, which mandates the upgrade of at least 700 ground stations across the country. The enhanced network will provide real-time, satellite-based flight positioning data while bolstering cybersecurity measures to protect air traffic management systems. The exact monetary value of the contract was not disclosed.
Expanding surveillance for next-generation airspace
The contract extends the role of L3Harris in managing the FAA surveillance infrastructure for nearly two more decades. The upgraded ground stations are designed to handle increased network capacity, a requirement as the airspace becomes more crowded with non-traditional aircraft.
Kathy Crandall, President of Mission Networks, Space & Mission Systems at L3Harris, emphasized the operational impact of the upgrades.
“L3Harris is propelling the FAA’s modernization vision forward by delivering an advanced surveillance infrastructure that will define the future of our airspace system and ensure increased safety for all air travelers.”
Crandall added that expanding network capacity ensures the United States maintains its position in global air traffic management.
Alignment with broader FAA modernization initiatives
This surveillance contract aligns with ongoing FAA efforts to replace aging infrastructure across the National Airspace System. The agency has been executing its Facility Replacement and Radar Modernization (FRRM) strategy, which targets the replacement of over 370 air traffic control facilities and 618 radars that average 36 years of age.
L3Harris is already involved in parallel infrastructure projects for the FAA. The company is currently executing the FAA Telecommunications Infrastructure (FTI) upgrade. That project replaces legacy copper wire connections with high-speed fiber optic networks across FAA facilities, providing the bandwidth necessary to support emerging aviation technologies like electric aviation vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft and uncrewed aerial systems.
AirPro News analysis
The extension of the L3Harris mandate through 2045 highlights the reliance of the FAA on established defense and aerospace contractors to execute its long-term modernization goals. As the National Airspace System transitions to accommodate AAM and widespread drone operations, the data bandwidth and latency requirements for air traffic control will increase exponentially. We view the concurrent execution of the surveillance network upgrade and the FTI fiber optic rollout as a necessary synchronization. Without high-speed ground data transmission, the benefits of satellite-based, real-time tracking for low-altitude and autonomous aircraft would be severely bottlenecked.
Sources: L3Harris Technologies
Photo Credit: L3Harris Technologies
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