Electric Aircraft
Vertical Aerospace VX4 Completes First Wing-Borne Flight Test
Vertical Aerospace’s VX4 eVTOL completes first wing-borne flight, advancing toward 2028 certification for sustainable urban air mobility.
The electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) sector continues to gain momentum, with Vertical Aerospace marking a major milestone in its development roadmap. On 22 May 2025, the UK-based aerospace company successfully completed the first wing-borne flight of its VX4 prototype. This flight not only demonstrated the aircraft’s ability to transition from vertical to conventional flight but also validated critical aspects of its design and performance.
As the global aviation industry shifts toward sustainable, zero-emission solutions, eVTOLs are emerging as a promising alternative for short-haul urban and regional transport. Vertical Aerospace’s VX4 is designed to meet this demand with a focus on safety, efficiency, and environmental responsibility. The successful wing-borne flight marks a pivotal step in the VX4’s path to certification and commercial deployment, positioning the company among the frontrunners in the urban air mobility (UAM) race.
The VX4 is an all-electric aircraft designed to carry four passengers and a pilot. With a projected range of approximately 100 miles (160 km) per charge and a cruise speed of around 130 knots (240 km/h), the VX4 aims to offer a viable alternative to ground-based transport in congested urban areas. Its hybrid design allows for both vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) and fixed-wing cruise, combining the benefits of helicopters and airplanes.
Key features of the VX4 include low noise emissions, zero operational emissions, and compliance with stringent aviation safety standards. The aircraft’s propulsion system is powered by electric motors, and its aerodynamic design supports efficient wing-borne flight, which is essential for extending range and reducing energy consumption.
Vertical Aerospace plans to conduct a series of test flights in different configurations. The current phase involves conventional take-off and landing (CTOL) flights, with around a dozen such sorties planned before transitioning to full VTOL testing. These tests are crucial for collecting performance data and refining digital models used in the aircraft’s development.
“The VX4 handled beautifully, and the transition to fixed-wing flight was smooth and stable, giving us confidence in the aircraft’s design and control systems.”
– Si Davies, Chief Test Pilot, Vertical Aerospace
The milestone flight took place at Vertical Aerospace’s Kemble test facility in southwest England. According to chief test pilot Si Davies, the VX4 rotated at 85 knots and cruised at approximately 100 knots during the flight, which ventured beyond the airfield for the first time. The approach was performed at 95 knots, and future tests are expected to push cruise speeds to 120 knots, nearing the 130-knot target for the production model.
Davies praised the aircraft’s responsiveness and natural handling, noting that the propulsion system performed as predicted. “It is very responsive in acceleration along the runway, it got into the air very quickly indeed,” he said. The aircraft’s performance during this flight validated pre-flight modeling related to drag and motor output, reinforcing confidence in the VX4’s design. Leading up to the wing-borne flight, the team conducted extensive low-speed taxi tests, including multiple runs at speeds just below take-off velocity. These preparations were essential for ensuring readiness and safety, both for the aircraft and the test crew.
Following the initial wing-borne flight, Vertical Aerospace plans to expand the flight envelope with additional sorties in CTOL mode. These will incrementally increase flight duration and speed to further validate battery and motor performance under varied conditions. The goal is to build a robust dataset that supports eventual certification and commercial readiness.
The next major milestone in the test program is the transition from thrust-borne (hover) to wing-borne flight while operating in full VTOL mode. This complex maneuver represents the final phase of the flight-test plan and is expected to occur in the second half of 2025. Achieving a seamless transition is critical for demonstrating the VX4’s operational versatility.
In parallel, Vertical Aerospace is preparing a second VX4 prototype for flight testing. This aircraft will join the test fleet in the coming months, allowing the company to accelerate data collection and refine its models. The company has stated a target certification date of 2028, aligning with evolving regulatory frameworks for eVTOL aircraft.
The VX4’s progress reflects broader trends in the eVTOL industry, which is projected to become a multi-billion-dollar market by 2030. Factors driving this growth include urban congestion, environmental concerns, and advancements in electric propulsion and autonomous flight technologies. Companies like Joby Aviation, Lilium, and Archer Aviation are also racing to bring certified eVTOLs to market, creating a competitive yet collaborative ecosystem.
Vertical Aerospace’s approach emphasizes certification under existing aviation regulations, working closely with the UK Civil Aviation Authority (CAA). This strategy may offer a more streamlined path to market compared to companies pursuing novel certification categories. The CAA’s approval of the recent test flight underscores the regulator’s confidence in the VX4’s development process.
Successful demonstration of wing-borne flight is a key differentiator in the eVTOL space. While many prototypes can hover, transitioning to efficient fixed-wing flight is essential for achieving the range and speed necessary for commercial viability. The VX4’s hybrid design addresses this challenge directly, offering a blend of performance and operational flexibility.
Despite recent successes, challenges remain. Battery energy density continues to limit range and payload capacity for electric aircraft. Vertical Aerospace must also ensure that its aircraft can operate safely in diverse weather conditions and integrate seamlessly into existing air traffic management systems. Another hurdle is public acceptance and infrastructure readiness. Urban air mobility requires dedicated vertiports, charging infrastructure, and robust flight planning tools. While technology is advancing rapidly, the supporting ecosystem must evolve in parallel to enable widespread adoption.
Vertical Aerospace is addressing these issues through partnerships and simulations. The company is leveraging digital twin technology to model real-world performance and collaborating with stakeholders to plan future operational scenarios. These efforts aim to de-risk deployment and build confidence among regulators, operators, and the public.
The first wing-borne flight of Vertical Aerospace’s VX4 prototype marks a significant achievement in the journey toward sustainable urban air mobility. The successful transition from ground to fixed-wing flight validates the aircraft’s design and sets the stage for more complex test scenarios. With additional flights planned and a second prototype on the way, Vertical is steadily building momentum toward certification.
Looking ahead, the VX4’s development will be closely watched as a bellwether for the eVTOL industry. As regulatory frameworks solidify and infrastructure begins to take shape, aircraft like the VX4 could redefine short-haul transport in cities worldwide. The combination of zero emissions, reduced noise, and operational flexibility makes eVTOLs a compelling solution for the future of mobility.
What is the VX4? What was significant about the recent flight? When is the VX4 expected to be certified? How does the VX4 compare to other eVTOLs? What are the next steps in the VX4 test program?
Vertical Aerospace’s VX4 Achieves Milestone with First Wing-Borne Flight
Understanding the VX4 and Its Flight Test Program
Design and Capabilities of the VX4
Details of the Wing-Borne Flight
Next Steps in the Flight Test Campaign
Industry Implications and Competitive Landscape
Urban Air Mobility and Market Context
Technical and Operational Challenges
Conclusion
FAQ
The VX4 is an electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft developed by Vertical Aerospace. It is designed to carry four passengers and a pilot over short distances with zero emissions.
The VX4 completed its first wing-borne flight, transitioning from ground take-off to conventional fixed-wing flight. This validated key aspects of its design and performance.
Vertical Aerospace is targeting certification for the VX4 in 2028, pending successful completion of flight testing and regulatory approvals.
The VX4 combines vertical take-off capabilities with efficient fixed-wing cruise, offering a balance of range, speed, and operational flexibility. It competes with models from Joby Aviation, Lilium, and others.
Vertical Aerospace will conduct additional CTOL flights before transitioning to full VTOL testing, including thrust-to-wing-borne transitions later in 2025.
Sources
Photo Credit: VerticalAerospace
Electric Aircraft
Beyond Aero Advances Hydrogen-Electric Business Jet Design Milestone
Beyond Aero reaches a critical design milestone for its hydrogen-electric business jet, expanding engineering teams and securing hydrogen infrastructure partnerships.
This article is based on an official press release from Beyond Aero.
French hydrogen aviation startup Beyond Aero has reached a critical design milestone for its upcoming hydrogen-electric business jet, signaling a maturation in both its supply chain and engineering efforts. In a recent company press release, the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) detailed its progress in aircraft development and the parallel rollout of necessary ground infrastructure.
The transition to hydrogen propulsion represents a major shift for the aviation industry, requiring not just new aircraft architectures but entirely new fuel ecosystems. We are seeing Beyond Aero attempt to tackle both challenges simultaneously, ensuring that its clean-sheet aircraft will have the necessary refueling support upon its projected entry into service.
According to the official release, the company is aggressively expanding its technical capabilities and forging strategic partnerships to derisk the deployment of gaseous hydrogen for business aviation.
Developing a first-of-its-kind hydrogen-electric aircraft requires significant engineering resources. The press release notes that Beyond Aero now employs more than 80 aerospace engineers who are entirely dedicated to the program.
Industry estimates from Aerospace Global News indicate the aircraft is targeting a range of 800 nautical miles and a six-passenger capacity. Furthermore, the aircraft has an estimated entry into service in 2030, according to reporting by Flight Global. By building a dedicated workforce of over 80 specialists, the OEM is positioning itself to navigate the complex certification pathways required by European regulators.
A primary hurdle for hydrogen aviation is the lack of existing airport infrastructure. To address this, Beyond Aero is developing its aircraft alongside the required hydrogen ground systems. According to the company’s press release, the OEM has signed more than 10 memoranda of understanding (MoUs) with airport operators.
Furthermore, the company has secured over 16 MoUs with hydrogen production and distribution partners. These agreements are designed to support the logistical planning and supply chain maturity necessary for reliable gaseous hydrogen delivery at commercial airports. To maximize operational flexibility, Beyond Aero has engineered its aircraft to be compatible with multiple refueling standards. As stated in the official announcement:
The aircraft is designed to operate using both 700-bar hydrogen infrastructure and 350-bar mobile refuelling systems, enabling operational deployment from existing airports.
This dual compatibility is a strategic decision by the OEM, allowing early adopters to utilize the aircraft before permanent, high-pressure hydrogen stations are widely constructed.
We view Beyond Aero’s dual-track approach, developing the aircraft while simultaneously securing the fuel supply chain, as a pragmatic response to the realities of the hydrogen aviation market. The reliance on 350-bar mobile refueling systems is particularly notable. It provides a vital stopgap that allows operators to fly the aircraft without waiting for airports to invest in expensive, permanent 700-bar infrastructure. Combined with a substantial engineering workforce and over $44 million in total funding raised to date (as reported by Aerospace Global News), the French startup is building a credible foundation for its 2030 service entry target. However, the sheer volume of MoUs will eventually need to translate into binding infrastructure investments to make widespread hydrogen flight a reality.
Beyond Aero is a French aviation startup developing a clean-sheet, hydrogen-electric light business jet designed for zero direct emissions in flight.
According to their press release, Beyond Aero has signed over 10 MoUs with airport operators and more than 16 with hydrogen producers. The aircraft is also designed to use 350-bar mobile refueling systems, allowing it to operate at airports without permanent hydrogen stations.
The company currently employs more than 80 aerospace engineers dedicated to the aircraft program.
Engineering and Design Maturation
Expanding the Technical Workforce
Hydrogen Infrastructure Integration
Ground Support and Strategic Partnerships
Dual-Pressure Refueling Capabilities
AirPro News analysis
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Beyond Aero?
How is the company addressing the lack of hydrogen at airports?
How many engineers are working on the project?
Sources
Photo Credit: Beyond Aero
Electric Aircraft
Joby Aviation Piloted Electric Air Taxi Flight Launches 2026 Tour
Joby Aviation completed a piloted electric air taxi flight over San Francisco Bay, starting its 2026 Electric Skies Tour and advancing FAA certification.
This article is based on an official press release from Joby Aviation.
Joby Aviation has successfully completed a piloted demonstration flight of its electric air taxi across the San Francisco Bay Area, marking a highly visible milestone for the emerging electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) industry. According to a company press release, the flight showcased the aircraft’s operational readiness against the backdrop of one of the world’s most recognizable skylines.
The demonstration serves as the official launch of the company’s 2026 Electric Skies Tour, a nationwide initiative designed to coincide with the United States’ 250th anniversary. By flying in a region notorious for heavy traffic congestion, Joby aims to highlight the practical benefits of its emissions-free aviation technology.
Departing from Oakland International Airport, the Joby aircraft, tail number N545JX, was piloted by Andrea Pingitore. The company stated that the air taxi flew quietly across the San Francisco Bay, heading toward the Golden Gate Bridge before turning above the Marin Headlands.
The flight is the first of many planned for the 2026 Electric Skies Tour. Joby expects to present its aircraft in multiple cities across the country, demonstrating the potential for air taxis to connect communities faster and with less noise than traditional Helicopters.
“The Bay Area is home to the world’s most innovative companies, including Joby, but it’s also an area with significant traffic and unique geographical barriers. Our technology provides an opportunity to build on the immense potential of this region while protecting it for the next generation.”
This statement was provided by JoeBen Bevirt, founder and CEO of Joby, in the official release.
Beyond the ceremonial flight, Joby Aviation shared several operational updates. The company reported that its fleet has completed thousands of test flights, accumulating more than 50,000 miles. Furthermore, Joby recently flew its first FAA-conforming aircraft for Type Inspection Authorization, a critical step that clears the way for Federal Aviation Administration pilots to conduct formal testing later this year.
Joby has also been selected to participate in the White House-backed eVTOL Integration Pilot Program (eIPP). According to the press release, this Partnerships will allow the company to commence early operations across 10 states, including Arizona, Florida, New York, and Texas. To support its commercial rollout, Joby is scaling its Manufacturing footprint. The company recently acquired a 700,000-square-foot facility in Dayton, Ohio. Alongside existing sites in California, the Dayton plant is designed to help increase production to four aircraft per month by 2027, with an eventual target of delivering up to 500 aircraft annually.
We view the San Francisco Bay flight as a strategic marketing move for Joby Aviation, but it is underpinned by tangible regulatory and manufacturing progress. The accumulation of 50,000 test miles and the initiation of FAA Type Inspection Authorization testing indicate that the company is moving from the conceptual phase into late-stage certification. The expansion into a 700,000-square-foot facility in Ohio also demonstrates a necessary shift toward scaled manufacturing, which remains one of the most significant hurdles for the broader eVTOL sector.
According to the company, it is a national showcase by Joby Aviation, timed to celebrate the 250th anniversary of the United States, featuring demonstration flights of its electric air taxi in cities across the country.
Joby operates production and powertrain facilities in Marina and San Carlos, California, and recently acquired a 700,000-square-foot facility in Dayton, Ohio, to scale production to an expected 500 aircraft per year over time.
The Golden Gate Flight and 2026 Tour
Production and Regulatory Milestones
AirPro News analysis
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the 2026 Electric Skies Tour?
Where is Joby manufacturing its aircraft?
Sources
Photo Credit: Joby Aviation
Electric Aircraft
Ascendance Completes Structural Build of Full-Scale ATEA Hybrid VTOL
Ascendance Flight Technologies completes the full-scale structure of its ATEA hybrid-electric VTOL aircraft, advancing toward first flight and certification.
This article is based on an official press release from Ascendance Flight Technologies.
Ascendance Flight Technologies has officially announced a major industrial achievement in the development of its ATEA aircraft. On February 23, 2026, the Toulouse-based manufacturers confirmed the structural completion of its full-scale hybrid-electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL) demonstrator. This development marks the transition from the design and sub-scale testing phase into full industrial integration.
According to the company’s announcement, the physical airframe, comprising the fuselage, wings, and tail, is now fully assembled at Ascendance’s hangar in Toulouse, France. The structure was manufactured by the DUQUEINE Group, a specialist in aeronautical composite structures. With the airframe complete, the program now moves into the final integration phase, where propulsion systems, avionics, and flight controls will be installed ahead of ground and flight testing.
The completion of the full-scale structure represents a shift for Ascendance from digital engineering to physical hardware. The company, founded in 2018 by four former members of the Airbus E-Fan team, has positioned the ATEA as a pragmatic solution for regional air mobility. By securing a top-tier industrial partner like DUQUEINE for the manufacturing process, Ascendance aims to demonstrate that its design is ready for the rigors of certification and mass production.
Jean-Christophe Lambert, CEO of Ascendance Flight Technologies, emphasized the weight of this milestone in a statement regarding the announcement:
“ATEA is not just an aircraft, it is the demonstrator of a complete architecture… This milestone represents the transformation of an engineering program into a tangible industrial reality.”
, Jean-Christophe Lambert, CEO of Ascendance Flight Technologies
The prototype is now set to receive its specific “Lift-plus-Cruise” propulsion components. This configuration utilizes eight rotors integrated into the wings (Fan-in-Wing technology) for vertical maneuvers and two horizontal propellers for cruise flight. Notably, the design avoids tilting mechanisms to reduce mechanical complexity and certification risks.
The ATEA is designed as a five-seat aircraft (one pilot plus four passengers) powered by the company’s proprietary STERNA hybrid-electric system. This system combines a thermal turbogenerator with battery packs, allowing the aircraft to utilize existing fuel infrastructure, such as Jet-A1 or SAF, while significantly reducing emissions and noise. According to technical specifications released by the company, the ATEA targets the following performance metrics:
The hybrid approach allows for in-flight battery charging, addressing the range anxiety and charging infrastructure limitations that currently constrain pure electric VTOL (eVTOL) competitors.
In our view, Ascendance’s progress highlights a growing divergence in the Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) sector between pure electric and hybrid architectures. While competitors like Joby and Archer are betting on battery density improvements for short-range urban hops, Ascendance is targeting the regional market with a hybrid powertrain.
This “pragmatic” approach, as described by the company, effectively bypasses the immediate need for a global high-speed charging network. By offering a 400 km range today using existing fuel logistics, the ATEA may find faster adoption in medical transport, regional logistics, and business aviation sectors where range and turnaround time are critical. The structural completion suggests that the company is executing on this strategy, moving toward a first flight that will validate whether the hybrid promise holds up in full-scale operations.
Ascendance Flight Technologies reports significant commercial interest in the ATEA program. As of February 2026, the company holds Letters of Intent (LOI) valued at over $2 billion USD, representing approximately 632 aircraft. Customers include operators such as Green Aerolease, Finistair, Yugo Global Industries, and Leman Aviation.
Looking ahead, the integration of the STERNA propulsion system and avionics is the immediate priority. While previous estimates suggested an earlier timeline, the current structural completion in early 2026 places the first flight of the full-scale prototype as the next major milestone, likely occurring later in 2026 or 2027. The company is targeting EASA certification and entry into service around 2029.
The project continues to rely on a robust ecosystem of partners, including Safran Electrical & Power, which supplies the ENGINeUS™ electric motors, and Capgemini Engineering. Additionally, Ascendance leads the L.I.M.E Consortium, supported by a €5 million grant from the Clean Aviation Program to develop aviation-grade battery systems.
The ATEA is a 5-seat hybrid-electric VTOL aircraft designed for regional travel. It uses a “Lift-plus-Cruise” configuration with eight vertical rotors for takeoff and landing, and two horizontal propellers for forward flight.
With the structure completed in February 2026, the aircraft is entering the final integration phase. The first flight of the full-scale prototype is expected to follow the completion of ground testing, likely later in 2026 or 2027. The STERNA system combines a thermal turbogenerator with batteries. This allows the aircraft to refuel using standard aviation fuels (like Jet-A1 or SAF) for extended range while using electric power for quiet, efficient flight.
Ascendance Completes Structural Build of Full-Scale ATEA Hybrid VTOL
From Concept to Industrial Hardware
Technical Specifications and Hybrid Strategy
AirPro News Analysis: The Hybrid Advantage
Commercial Traction and Timeline
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the ATEA aircraft?
When will the ATEA fly?
How does the hybrid system work?
Sources
Photo Credit: Ascendance
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