Defense & Military
General Atomics YFQ-42A Unveiled for US Air Force CCA Program
The YFQ-42A autonomous combat aircraft enhances USAF capabilities with stealth, AI, and multi-role missions, part of a 1,000-unit fleet plan by 2029.
The unveiling of the General Atomics YFQ-42A marks a pivotal moment in the evolution of military aviation. As part of the U.S. Air Force’s Collaborative Combat Aircraft (CCA) program, the YFQ-42A is one of the first officially revealed uncrewed fighter aircraft designed to work in tandem with manned platforms. This initiative represents a significant step forward in integrating autonomous technologies into frontline combat operations.
Developed by General Atomics Aeronautical Systems Inc. (GA-ASI), a company with a longstanding history in unmanned aerial systems (UAS), the YFQ-42A is poised to redefine how air superiority is achieved in the 21st century. Alongside Anduril’s YFQ-44A, both aircraft are part of a broader shift toward networked, AI-enabled warfare, where manned and unmanned systems collaborate seamlessly to achieve mission objectives with increased efficiency and reduced risk.
The YFQ-42A is derived from the earlier XQ-67A demonstrator, which first flew in 2024. While the XQ-67A provided a baseline, the YFQ-42A introduces refinements aimed at enhancing stealth and operational performance. Notable design changes include a more rounded engine air inlet and modified fuselage lines, likely intended to reduce radar cross-section and meet the stealth criteria outlined by the CCA program.
The aircraft features a top-mounted air intake and twin canted tail surfaces, reminiscent of stealth fighter configurations. These features contrast with the more conventional vertical tail and under-fuselage intake of the competing YFQ-44A by Anduril. Such design differences underscore varying approaches to achieving similar operational goals within the CCA framework.
According to General Atomics, flight testing is expected to commence within months of ground testing, which is already underway. The aircraft is intended to operate autonomously or semi-autonomously, using advanced AI to coordinate with manned fighters and other assets in real time.
“The YFQ-42A is an exciting next step for our company,” said GA-ASI President David R. Alexander. “It reflects many years of partnership with the U.S. Air Force… and we’re excited to begin ground testing and move to first flight.” The YFQ-42A is designed for multi-role applications, including intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance (ISR), electronic warfare, and strike missions. Its modular payload system allows it to adapt to different mission profiles, making it a versatile asset in contested environments. The aircraft is expected to have a combat radius exceeding 700 nautical miles, providing extended reach without the risk associated with manned missions.
Stealth features, while not on par with the F-22 Raptor or Boeing‘s F-47, are reportedly comparable to the F-35 Lightning II. This level of radar cross-section reduction enables the YFQ-42A to operate closer to enemy defenses while minimizing detection.
Importantly, the aircraft will serve as a lower-risk platform capable of absorbing losses that would be unacceptable for manned systems. This attritable design philosophy aligns with the USAF’s goal of deploying large numbers—over 1,000 units are projected to enter service between 2025 and 2029. One of the defining features of the YFQ-42A is its ability to operate in concert with manned fighters like the F-35 and future sixth-generation aircraft. This collaborative approach enhances situational awareness and enables coordinated tactics, such as using CCAs as forward sensors or decoys to draw enemy fire.
The U.S. Air Force recently issued a Request for Information (RFI) for low-cost, high-speed air-to-air missiles to arm these aircraft, indicating a push toward affordable lethality. The goal is to develop weapons that cost less than $250,000 per unit, making them suitable for deployment on expendable platforms like the YFQ-42A.
Integration with platforms like the B-21 Raider is also under consideration, which could allow CCAs to be deployed from stealth bombers, further expanding their operational flexibility. This modular deployment strategy reflects a broader shift toward distributed and agile force structures.
The YFQ-42A is a critical component of the U.S. Air Force’s modernization strategy, which includes a multibillion-dollar investment in autonomous systems, AI, and next-generation air dominance. These efforts are driven by the need to maintain a technological edge over near-peer adversaries such as China and Russia, who are also developing advanced unmanned systems.
Collaborative Combat Aircraft represent a new doctrine in air warfare—one that emphasizes distributed operations, networked platforms, and human-machine teaming. This approach enables faster decision-making, greater resilience, and more efficient use of resources in high-threat environments.
Globally, allied nations including the UK, France, and Australia are pursuing similar programs, reflecting a shared recognition of the strategic value of unmanned combat systems. The proliferation of such technologies may also influence future arms control discussions, particularly regarding autonomous weapons and rules of engagement.
While General Atomics and Anduril secured contracts for Increment 1 of the CCA program, other defense giants like Lockheed Martin are preparing for future phases. Lockheed’s initial proposal reportedly exceeded the requirements, prompting the company to recalibrate its approach for Increment 2.
Increment 2 is expected to introduce smaller, more cost-effective designs with high-end capabilities. Lockheed is leveraging its experience with the F-22 and F-35 to develop CCAs that can integrate seamlessly with current and future fighter platforms. Concepts under consideration include missile-sized drones that could be carried into combat by other aircraft. As the program evolves, partnerships between traditional aerospace firms and tech companies specializing in AI and autonomy are likely to increase. This convergence of defense and Silicon Valley innovation could accelerate the development and deployment of next-generation unmanned systems.
Beale Air Force Base in California has been selected as the initial host station for the YFQ-42A and other CCAs. However, formal environmental and operational assessments are still pending. The nature of these aircraft means they can be easily transported to other forward operating locations as needed, reducing reliance on fixed infrastructure.
Unlike manned aircraft, CCAs are expected to operate from a variety of locations with less frequent flight schedules. This operational model offers increased flexibility and survivability, especially in scenarios where traditional airbases may be compromised.
The U.S. Air Force has not disclosed detailed timelines for deploying operational units, but public graphics and statements suggest that active service could begin within the next few years, with full integration occurring by the end of the decade.
The General Atomics YFQ-42A represents a transformative step in the U.S. Air Force’s journey toward a more autonomous and networked combat force. With its stealth features, modular payloads, and collaborative capabilities, the aircraft is designed to augment manned platforms and execute high-risk missions with reduced human exposure.
As the CCA program progresses, the YFQ-42A and its counterparts will likely play a central role in shaping the future of aerial combat. Their success will depend not only on technological advancements but also on effective integration with existing systems and doctrines. The coming years will reveal how these innovations redefine the balance of power in the skies.
What is the YFQ-42A? How does it differ from traditional drones? When will the YFQ-42A enter service?
Introduction: The Emergence of Collaborative Combat Aircraft
Design and Capabilities of the YFQ-42A
From Concept to Reality
Combat Capabilities and Mission Profiles
Manned-Unmanned Teaming and Integration
Strategic and Industry Implications
U.S. Defense Modernization and Global Trends
Industry Competition and Future Increments
Operational Deployment and Infrastructure
Conclusion
FAQ
The YFQ-42A is an uncrewed combat aircraft developed by General Atomics for the U.S. Air Force’s Collaborative Combat Aircraft program.
Unlike traditional drones, the YFQ-42A is designed to operate collaboratively with manned aircraft, using AI and networked systems to perform combat and support roles.
The aircraft is expected to enter service between 2025 and 2029, with flight testing beginning within months of its May 2025 unveiling.
Sources
Photo Credit: Dvids
Defense & Military
Firehawk Aerospace Expands Rocket Motor Production in Mississippi Facility
Firehawk Aerospace acquires a DCMA-rated facility in Mississippi to boost production of solid rocket motors using 3D-printing technology.
This article is based on an official press release from Firehawk Aerospace.
On December 19, 2025, Firehawk Aerospace announced a significant expansion of its manufacturing capabilities with the acquisition of a specialized defense facility in Crawford, Mississippi. The Dallas-based defense technology company has secured a 20-year lease on the 636-acre site, which was formerly operated by Nammo Talley.
This acquisition marks a strategic pivot for Firehawk as it moves to address critical shortages in the U.S. defense supply chain. By taking over a facility that is already rated by the Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA), the company aims to bypass the lengthy construction and certification timelines typically associated with greenfield defense projects. The site will serve as a hub for the full-system integration of solid rocket motors (SRMs), complementing the company’s existing R&D operations in Texas and energetics production in Oklahoma.
The Crawford facility is located in Lowndes County within Mississippi’s “Golden Triangle” region. According to the company’s announcement, the site is a “turnkey” defense asset designed specifically for handling high-grade explosives and munitions. The infrastructure includes assembly bays protected by one-foot-thick concrete walls and safety “blowout” walls designed to contain accidental detonations.
Because the facility was previously used by Nammo Defense Systems for the high-volume assembly of shoulder-launched munitions, such as the M72 LAW and SMAW systems, it retains the necessary regulatory certifications to allow for rapid operational ramp-up. Firehawk Aerospace CEO Will Edwards emphasized the urgency of this expansion in a statement regarding the deal.
“This acquisition strengthens Firehawk’s ability to address one of the nation’s most urgent defense challenges: rebuilding munition inventories that have been drawn down faster than they can be replaced.”
, Will Edwards, Co-founder and CEO of Firehawk Aerospace
The acquisition comes at a time when the Western defense industrial base is grappling with a severe shortage of solid rocket motors, which power critical systems like the Javelin, Stinger, and GMLRS missiles. Traditional manufacturing methods, which involve casting propellant in large batches that take weeks to cure, have created production bottlenecks.
Firehawk Aerospace intends to disrupt this model by utilizing proprietary 3D-printing technology to manufacture propellant grains. According to the press release, this additive manufacturing approach reduces production times from weeks to hours. The company has explicitly stated that the new Mississippi facility is being designed to achieve a production tempo of “thousands of rockets per month,” a significant increase over legacy industry standards. “While the current industrial base is built to produce thousands of rockets per year, we are building this site… to operate at a much higher production tempo… designing for throughput measured in thousands per month, not years.”
, Will Edwards, CEO
The expansion is expected to bring skilled jobs to the Golden Triangle region, which is increasingly becoming a hub for aerospace and defense activity. Mississippi Governor Tate Reeves welcomed the investments, noting the dual benefits of economic growth and national security support.
“Their acquisition in Crawford will bring skilled jobs to the region while directly contributing to the production capacity our nation needs.”
, Tate Reeves, Governor of Mississippi
From R&D to Mass Production: This acquisition signals Firehawk’s transition from a development-focused startup to a volume manufacturer. By securing a pre-rated facility, Firehawk has effectively shaved 2–3 years off its timeline, the period typically required to build and certify a new explosives handling site. This speed is critical given the current geopolitical demand for tactical munitions.
Supply Chain Decentralization: The move also highlights a strategy of decentralization. By distributing operations across Texas (R&D), Oklahoma (Energetics), and now Mississippi (Integration), Firehawk is building a supply chain that may prove more resilient than centralized legacy models. This geographic diversity also allows the company to tap into distinct labor markets and state-level incentives, such as Mississippi’s aerospace initiatives.
What is the significance of the DCMA rating? How does Firehawk’s technology differ from traditional methods? What was the facility used for previously?
Firehawk Aerospace Acquires Mississippi Facility to Scale Rocket Motor Production
Strategic Asset Details
Addressing the “Rocket Motor Crisis”
Regional Economic Impact
AirPro News Analysis
Frequently Asked Questions
A DCMA (Defense Contract Management Agency) rating verifies that a facility meets strict Department of Defense quality and safety standards. Acquiring a pre-rated facility allows Firehawk to begin production much faster than if they had to build and certify a new site from scratch.
Traditional solid rocket motors are cast in large batches, a process that requires weeks for the propellant to cure. Firehawk uses 3D-printing technology to print propellant grains, which allows for custom geometries and reduces the manufacturing time to mere hours.
The facility was formerly operated by Nammo Talley (now Nammo Defense Systems) for the assembly of shoulder-launched munitions, including the M72 LAW and SMAW systems.Sources
Photo Credit: Firehawk Aerospace
Defense & Military
20 Years of the F-22 Raptor Operational Capability and Upgrades
Lockheed Martin celebrates 20 years of the F-22 Raptor’s operational service, highlighting its stealth, combat roles, readiness challenges, and modernization.
Lockheed Martin has launched a campaign commemorating the 20th anniversary of the F-22 Raptor achieving Initial Operational Capability (IOC). In December 2005, the 27th Fighter Squadron at Langley Air Force Base in Virginia became the first unit to field the fifth-generation fighter, marking a significant shift in global air superiority.
According to the manufacturer’s announcement, the aircraft continues to define the benchmark for modern air combat. In a statement regarding the milestone, Lockheed Martin emphasized the platform’s enduring relevance:
“The F-22 Raptor sets the global standard for capability, readiness, and mission success.”
While the airframe was designed in the 1990s and first flew in 1997, the F-22 remains a central pillar of U.S. air power. The fleet, which consists of approximately 185 remaining aircraft out of the 195 originally built, has evolved from a pure air superiority fighter into a multi-role platform capable of ground strikes and strategic deterrence.
Since its operational debut, the F-22 has maintained a reputation for dominance, primarily established through high-end military aircraft exercises rather than direct air-to-air combat against manned aircraft.
Data from the U.S. Air Force and independent observers highlights the discrepancy between the Raptor’s exercise performance and its real-world combat engagements. During the 2006 Northern Edge exercise, its first major test after becoming operational, the F-22 reportedly achieved a 108-to-0 kill ratio against simulated adversaries flying F-15s, F-16s, and F/A-18s.
Despite this lethality in training, the aircraft’s combat record is distinct. The F-22 made its combat debut in September 2014 during Operation Inherent Resolve, conducting ground strikes against ISIS targets in Syria. To date, the aircraft has zero confirmed kills against manned enemy aircraft. Its sole air-to-air victory occurred in February 2023, when an F-22 utilized an AIM-9X Sidewinder missile to down a high-altitude Chinese surveillance balloon off the coast of South Carolina.
The primary driver of the F-22’s longevity is its low observable technology. Defense analysts estimate the Raptor’s Radar Cross Section (RCS) to be approximately 0.0001 square meters, roughly the size of a steel marble. This makes it significantly stealthier than the F-35 Lightning II and orders of magnitude harder to detect than foreign competitors like the Russian Su-57 or the Chinese J-20.
While Lockheed Martin’s anniversary campaign highlights “readiness” as a key pillar of the F-22’s legacy, recent Air Force data suggests a more complex reality regarding the fleet’s health. We note that maintaining the world’s premier stealth fighter comes at a steep logistical cost. According to data published by Air & Space Forces Magazine regarding Fiscal Year 2024, the F-22’s mission capable (MC) rate dropped to approximately 40%. This figure represents a decline from roughly 52% in the previous fiscal year and indicates that, at any given time, fewer than half of the Raptors in the inventory are flyable and combat-ready.
This low readiness rate is largely attributed to the fragility of the aircraft’s stealth coatings and the aging avionics of the older airframes. The Air Force has previously attempted to retire 32 older “Block 20” F-22s used for training to divert funds toward newer programs, though Congress has blocked these efforts to preserve fleet numbers. The contrast between the jet’s theoretical dominance and its logistical availability remains a critical challenge for planners.
Contrary to earlier projections that might have seen the F-22 retired in the 2030s, the Air Force is investing heavily to keep the platform viable until the Next Generation Air Dominance (NGAD) fighter comes online.
In 2021, the Air Force awarded Lockheed Martin a $10.9 billion contract for the Advanced Raptor Enhancement and Sustainment (ARES) program. This decade-long modernization effort aims to update the fleet’s hardware and software.
According to budget documents for Fiscal Year 2026, the “Viability” upgrade package includes several key enhancements:
These investments suggest that while the F-22 is celebrating its past 20 years, the Air Force intends to rely on its capabilities well into the next decade.
Sources: Lockheed Martin, U.S. Air Force
Two Decades of the Raptor: Celebrating the F-22’s Operational Milestone
Operational History and Combat Record
Exercise Performance vs. Combat Reality
Stealth Capabilities
AirPro News Analysis: The Readiness Paradox
Modernization and Future Outlook
The ARES Contract and Upgrades
Sources
Photo Credit: Lockheed Martin
Defense & Military
U.S. Navy Zero-G Helmet System Completes Critical Design Review
Collins Elbit Vision Systems completes design review for the Zero-G Helmet Display, reducing pilot weight load and enhancing safety for Navy aircraft.
This article is based on an official press release from Collins Elbit Vision Systems (RTX).
Collins Elbit Vision Systems (CEVS), a joint venture between RTX’s Collins Aerospace and Elbit Systems of America, has officially announced the completion of the Critical Design Review (CDR) for the Zero-G Helmet Mounted Display System+ (HMDS+). This milestone, finalized on December 12, 2025, marks a pivotal step in the U.S. Navy’s Improved Joint Helmet-Mounted Cueing System (IJHMCS) program.
The successful CDR effectively freezes the system’s design, confirming that the helmet meets the Navy’s rigorous requirements for safety, performance, and platform integration. With the design locked, the program now transitions into the airworthiness testing and integration phase, bringing the system closer to deployment aboard the F/A-18E/F Super Hornet and EA-18G Growler fleets.
According to the press release, the Zero-G HMDS+ is engineered to address long-standing physiological challenges faced by naval aviators while introducing “6th-generation” digital capabilities to existing 4.5-generation aircraft.
The Zero-G HMDS+ represents a significant departure from legacy analog systems. While previous iterations required pilots to physically attach heavy Night Vision Goggles (NVGs) for low-light operations, the new system integrates digital night vision directly into the visor. This integration streamlines cockpit operations and reduces the physical burden on the aircrew.
A primary driver for the Zero-G’s development is the reduction of head-borne weight. High-G maneuvers in fighter aircraft place immense strain on a pilot’s neck and spine, a hazard exacerbated by heavy, unbalanced legacy helmets. CEVS reports that the Zero-G system is more than 25 percent lighter than current market alternatives. Its name is derived from its optimized center of gravity, designed to minimize fatigue and long-term injury risks.
Capt. Joseph Kamara, the U.S. Navy Program Manager for Naval Aircrew Systems (PMA-202), emphasized the safety implications of the new design in a statement:
“Aircrew health and safety is our number one priority. The Zero-G being integrated through our IJHMCS program promises to relieve aircrew of neck and back strain and greatly improve ejection safety.”
Beyond ergonomics, the helmet utilizes a binocular waveguide display system. Unlike monocular reticles used in older models, this technology projects high-definition color symbology and video into both eyes, creating a fully immersive 3D view of the battlespace. The system is capable of “sensor fusion at the edge,” processing mission data and weapon information directly on the helmet to act as a primary flight instrument. Luke Savoie, President and CEO of Elbit Systems of America, highlighted the strategic necessity of this upgrade:
“Zero-G is providing sensor fusion at the edge… As fighter aircraft level-up, the HMDs of those systems need to as well.”
The Zero-G HMDS+ program has moved rapidly since CEVS was awarded a $16 million contract by the U.S. Navy in September 2023 for development and test support. Following the successful CDR in December 2025, the program is scheduled to undergo flight testing and Avionics integration throughout 2026 and 2027.
The U.S. Navy projects Initial Operational Capability (IOC) for the system in 2027. Once fielded, it is expected to equip aviators across the entire fleet of U.S. Navy and Royal Australian Air Force Super Hornets and Growlers, totaling more than 750 aircraft.
The completion of the CDR signals a critical maturity point for the Navy’s effort to modernize the human-machine interface in its tactical fleet. While much industry attention is focused on future platforms like NGAD (Next Generation Air Dominance), the Zero-G program illustrates the military’s commitment to maintaining the lethality and survivability of its existing backbone fleet.
By adapting technology originally matured for the F-35 Gen III helmet, CEVS is effectively retrofitting advanced situational awareness tools onto older airframes. This approach not only extends the combat relevance of the Super Hornet but also addresses the acute retention issue of pilot physical health. The shift to digital night vision and balanced weight distribution suggests that the Navy views pilot longevity as a critical component of fleet readiness.
Critical Design Review Completed for Navy’s Next-Gen Helmet
Technical Leap: The Zero-G HMDS+
Weight Reduction and Pilot Safety
Advanced Display Capabilities
Program Timeline and Deployment
AirPro News Analysis
Sources
Photo Credit: RTX
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