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GA-ASI and US Air Force Demonstrate Advanced Manned-Unmanned Teaming

GA-ASI and the US Air Force successfully tested Manned-Unmanned Teaming with an F-35 and MQ-20 Avenger drone for the Collaborative Combat Aircraft program.

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This article is based on an official press release from General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, Inc. (GA-ASI).

On May 27, 2026, General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, Inc. (GA-ASI) announced the successful completion of a major flight test demonstrating advanced Manned-Unmanned Teaming (MUM-T). The exercise paired an F-35 Lightning II fighter jet system with an uncrewed MQ-20 Avenger drone, which acted as a surrogate for the U.S. Air Force’s future Collaborative Combat Aircraft (CCA).

According to the official press release, the test successfully validated the hardware, software, and communication networks required to allow a human pilot to command a semi-autonomous drone in real-time. This marks a significant milestone in the Air Force’s push toward integrating AI-driven “loyal wingmen” into combat operations.

The demonstration was a joint effort involving GA-ASI, the F-35 Joint Program Office, Lockheed Martin, Autonodyne, and several U.S. Air-Forces units, including the 309th Software Engineering Group, 461st Flight Test Squadron, and 370th Flight Test Squadron.

Executing the Manned-Unmanned Teaming Demonstration

During the demonstration, the F-35 remained on the ground while the MQ-20 Avenger was airborne. The F-35 pilot used a tablet in the cockpit to send tactical autonomy commands to the MQ-20 via a “Bashi Pilot Vehicle Interface,” according to the provided research report.

The MQ-20 successfully received the commands, executed tactical maneuvers, and adjusted its waypoints. Furthermore, the drone transmitted critical autonomous responses, including ADS-B track data, location, altitude, and velocity, back to the F-35 pilot.

Building on Previous Milestones

This demonstration builds upon previous tests conducted in October 2025 and February 2026. During those earlier exercises, an Air Force F-22 Raptor pilot successfully controlled an MQ-20 Avenger, laying the groundwork for this most recent F-35 integration.

The Technological Backbone: TacACE and A-GRA

The success of the demonstration relied on several cutting-edge software and communication frameworks. The MQ-20 was equipped with GA-ASI’s proprietary Tactical Autonomy Ecosystem (TacACE) software. In previous tests, TacACE has demonstrated the ability to support autonomous mission execution, cooperative targeting, and stealthy “sensor-to-shooter” kill chains.

TacACE is built upon the U.S. Air Force’s Autonomy Government Reference Architecture (A-GRA). A-GRA is a government-owned, modular open-systems framework designed to standardize mission autonomy across different platforms. By decoupling the software from the vehicle hardware, A-GRA prevents “vendor lock” and allows the Air Force to rapidly integrate algorithms from various defense contractors.

Additionally, the aircraft were linked using Beyond Line of Sight (BLOS) communications. The test proved the ability of both platforms to utilize a tactical proliferated low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite data link to achieve seamless coordination.

Contextualizing the Collaborative Combat Aircraft (CCA) Program

The MQ-20 Avenger has served as a surrogate testbed for the CCA program for over five years, allowing the Air Force and GA-ASI to refine autonomy software and MUM-T concepts. The CCA program is designed to address the operational problem that crewed fighters alone cannot generate sufficient combat mass. These semi-autonomous drones are intended to fly alongside crewed fighters, acting as force multipliers for strike, air-to-air, and intelligence missions.

The Air Force is currently moving toward production for “Increment 1” of the CCA program. The service has requested nearly $1 billion in its FY2027 budget to initiate procurement of the first batch of these drones, estimated between 100 and 150 aircraft. GA-ASI is one of the primary finalists for Increment 1 with its YFQ-42A, recently named “Dark Merlin,” which began flight testing in August 2025.

“This significant warfighter integration milestone is the beginning of operational readiness for the Collaborative Combat Aircraft and demonstrates the near-term opportunities for force integration. Events like these drive home GA-ASI’s continued commitment to adoption of next-generation data links, mission autonomy, and unmanned air combat operations.”

, Michael Atwood, Vice President of Advanced Programs at GA-ASI, via company press release

AirPro News analysis

We observe that the successful pairing of a 5th-generation fighter’s interface with an autonomous drone proves that the “loyal wingman” concept is moving rapidly from theory to operational reality. The ability to control an uncrewed asset from a fighter cockpit via satellite data links represents a critical leap in combat networking.

Furthermore, the use of the A-GRA framework highlights a massive shift in defense procurement. The military is increasingly buying hardware and software separately, forcing traditional defense contractors to adapt to a highly competitive, open-architecture ecosystem rather than relying on proprietary, closed systems.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Manned-Unmanned Teaming (MUM-T)?

MUM-T is a military concept where crewed aircraft (like an F-35) and uncrewed autonomous drones (like the MQ-20) operate together in a synchronized manner, sharing data and executing coordinated tactical maneuvers.

What is the Collaborative Combat Aircraft (CCA) program?

The CCA program is a U.S. Air Force initiative to develop jet-powered, semi-autonomous drones that will fly alongside crewed fighters. They are designed to be affordable, capable, and numerous, acting as force multipliers in combat scenarios.

Why was the MQ-20 Avenger used in this test?

The MQ-20 Avenger serves as a surrogate testbed. It allows the Air Force and defense contractors to test and refine the autonomy software and communication links that will eventually be installed in the actual CCA airframes, such as GA-ASI’s YFQ-42A “Dark Merlin.”

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Photo Credit: General Atomics Aeronautical Systems

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Defense & Military

EU Funds SHARP Project for Next-Gen Military Helicopter Engine

The EU allocated €25M to the SHARP consortium, 25 partners from 12 countries developing Europe’s next military helicopter engine by 2040.

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The European Commission has allocated approximately €25 million through the European Defence Fund to back a multinational consortium developing the propulsion architecture for Europe’s next generation of military helicopters.

Announced on June 11, 2026, at the ILA Berlin airshow, the Sovereign High-performance Architecture for Rotorcraft Propulsion (SHARP) project brings together 25 partners from 12 European countries. According to a joint press release from Safran Helicopter Engines, MTU Aero Engines, and Avio Aero, the initiative will establish the technological foundation for the European Next Generation Helicopter Engine (ENGHE), which is targeted to enter service in 2040.

Addressing an aging military rotorcraft fleet

The SHARP initiative aligns with broader European defense goals to replace a rapidly aging fleet of military aircraft under the Next Generation Rotorcraft Capability (NGRC) and European Next Generation Rotorcraft Technologies (ENGRT) programs. The current European inventory includes approximately 1,800 transport helicopters and 600 combat helicopters, which currently average 20 years of age. By the 2040s, many of these aircraft will have been in service for over 50 years.

“In light of a continuously aging European fleet of military helicopters the need is obvious: From 2040 onwards, a large proportion of these rotorcraft will have to be replaced,” said Dr. Ottmar Pfänder, Chief Program Officer at MTU Aero Engines. “We joined forces across the continent to underline the importance of this technology program. It will further reinforce European sovereignty and strengthen the European supply chain.”

The funding will be used to develop scalable technological building blocks that can be adapted to various weight classes and mission profiles required by future European armed forces.

Collaborative framework and European sovereignty

The SHARP project builds upon the foundation of the EUropean Military Rotorcraft Engine Alliance (EURA), a 50/50 joint venture established in July 2024 between Safran Helicopter Engines and MTU Aero Engines specifically to develop the ENGHE. The consortium has now expanded to include Avio Aero, broadening the industrial base tasked with designing the new powerplant.

Safran Helicopter Engines CEO Cédric Goubet stated that the funding demonstrates Europe’s commitment to self-reliance and technological sovereignty for future military platforms, thanking the European Union and participating nations for their confidence in the consortium’s capabilities.

“SHARP marks an important milestone in the journey toward Europe’s next-generation rotorcraft engine and reinforces the value of collaboration in developing sovereign, high-performance propulsion technologies,” said Riccardo Procacci, CEO of Avio Aero. “We are proud to partner with EURA on this initiative, contributing within a fully European framework while leveraging Avio Aero’s well-established expertise and know-how.”

EURA CEO Wolfgang Gärtner confirmed that the joint venture is prepared to coordinate the multinational team to provide modern technologies to European forces.

AirPro News analysis

The €25 million European Defence Fund grant represents a critical early step in aligning Europe’s fragmented defense aerospace sector behind a single rotorcraft propulsion program. By formalizing the SHARP consortium now, the European Union is actively working to prevent the development of competing, incompatible national engine programs that have historically complicated European defense procurement and increased long-term maintenance costs. We view the inclusion of Avio Aero alongside the EURA joint venture as a strong indicator that the ENGHE program is successfully consolidating the continent’s primary propulsion manufacturers ahead of the 2040 target.

Sources: Safran Group

Photo Credit: Safran Group

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Defense & Military

Boeing MQ-25A Stingray Aboard USS Nimitz at FLEETEX 250

Boeing’s MQ-25A T1 demonstrator appeared on USS Nimitz during FLEETEX 250, weeks after Navy LRIP approval.

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The Boeing Company’s MQ-25A Stingray T1 demonstrator drone appeared aboard the USS Nimitz (CVN 68) in the Atlantic Ocean on June 25, 2026, sporting special commemorative markings for the United States’ 250th anniversary. The uncrewed aircraft was photographed alongside Boeing F/A-18E Super Hornets and a Grumman C-2A Greyhound during a multinational group sail event.

The deployment provides a visual representation of the United States Navy’s future carrier air wing as the MQ-25 program transitions into its next production phase. Boeing Defense and the Navy publicly released imagery of the static display on June 29, 2026.

FLEETEX 250 and commemorative display

The T1 prototype was painted in a plain gray livery and featured “250” and “Boeing Backs America” markings. In a statement released on the social media platform X, Boeing Defense noted that the display was intended to honor the nation’s semiquincentennial and offer a glimpse of future carrier operations.

The USS Nimitz hosted the drone during Fleet Exercise (FLEETEX) 250. A Navy spokesperson told TWZ that the exercise involved 25 other warships and aircraft from 13 partner and allied nations conducting structured training events at sea. The spokesperson confirmed the presence of the Boeing-owned T1 prototype on the flight deck.

Aviation analysts at The Aviationist observed that the drone lacked the Cobham Aerial Refueling Store (ARS) pod, which is typically mounted under the left wing for refueling operations. The T1 demonstrator has never taken off from or landed on an aircraft carrier and was transported aboard the USS Nimitz for the exercise. It remains unconfirmed whether the uncrewed aircraft actively participated in any operational drills or if its presence was strictly for static display and photo opportunities.

Program milestones and carrier transitions

The appearance of the T1 demonstrator follows several recent advancements for the MQ-25 program. The Boeing-owned prototype originally flew on September 19, 2019, and previously conducted flight deck handling and remote control system demonstrations aboard the USS George H.W. Bush in December 2021.

On April 25, 2026, the first production-representative MQ-25 completed its maiden flight from Boeing’s facility at MidAmerica Airport in Illinois. The following month, the Navy officially approved the uncrewed tanker program’s transition into Low-Rate Initial Production (LRIP).

The FLEETEX 250 exercise also marked a significant operational transition for the Navy’s legacy aircraft. On June 25, 2026, the Grumman C-2A Greyhound made its final catapult launch and arrested landing from a carrier aboard the USS Nimitz. The C-2A is anticipated to be fully retired later in the year.

AirPro News analysis

The static display aboard the USS Nimitz offers a stark visual contrast between the Navy’s past and its immediate future. Placing the MQ-25A Stingray next to the retiring C-2A Greyhound highlights the physical footprint required to integrate advanced uncrewed assets into the carrier air wing. While the T1 demonstrator’s presence was largely ceremonial for the 250th anniversary, the recent approval for Low-Rate Initial Production indicates that the logistical and operational challenges of deploying uncrewed tankers at sea are moving from theoretical testing to active fleet integration. We expect the focus to shift rapidly toward deck handling and maintenance procedures for the production-representative models in the coming months.

Sources: Boeing Defense

Photo Credit: Boeing

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Defense & Military

NATO Expected to Select Saab GlobalEye to Replace AWACS Fleet

NATO is set to announce the Saab GlobalEye as its E-3A Sentry replacement at the July 2026 Ankara summit, bypassing Boeing’s E-7 Wedgetail.

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This article summarizes reporting by Reuters by Sabine Siebold and Tim Hepher.

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is preparing to select the Saab GlobalEye to replace its aging fleet of Boeing E-3A Sentry airborne warning and control system (AWACS) aircraft, marking a significant shift toward European defense procurement. The official announcement is expected during the upcoming NATO summit in Ankara, Turkey, scheduled for July 7 and 8, 2026.

According to reporting by Reuters, four sources familiar with the matter indicated that the alliance will pivot away from its previous intention to acquire the Boeing E-7 Wedgetail. The decision represents a major defense contract for Sweden-based Saab AB and a notable setback for The Boeing Company in the airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) market. Neither NATO nor Saab has officially commented on the pending announcement.

Transitioning from the E-3A Sentry

NATO currently operates a fleet of 14 Boeing E-3A Sentry AWACS aircraft. Based at Geilenkirchen Air Base in Germany, these aircraft have been in service since 1982 and are approaching the end of their operational lifespan. The Saab GlobalEye, which completed its first flight in 2018, utilizes a modified Bombardier Global 6000 or 6500 business jet airframe equipped with Saab’s Erieye extended-range radar system.

The Boeing E-7 Wedgetail fallout

The anticipated selection of the GlobalEye follows a series of procurement shifts regarding the Boeing E-7 Wedgetail. NATO had initially planned to purchase six E-7 aircraft to replace the E-3A Sentry fleet. The alliance abandoned this plan in 2025 after the United States Department of Defense (Pentagon) canceled its own procurement of 26 Wedgetails in favor of satellite-based surveillance networks.

U.S. Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth indicated to Congress in May 2026 that the Pentagon is attempting to reinstate the E-7 into the budget following pressure from U.S. lawmakers. Despite these efforts, international momentum appears to be shifting toward the Swedish manufacturer. On May 27, 2026, Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney announced that the Government of Canada had entered formal negotiations with Saab as the preferred supplier for its own AEW&C program, bypassing the Boeing platform.

AirPro News analysis

We view NATO’s expected selection of the Saab GlobalEye as a critical indicator of changing procurement dynamics within the alliance. Historically, NATO has relied heavily on U.S.-manufactured heavy surveillance platforms. The shift to a European-integrated system on a Canadian business jet airframe suggests a growing preference for diversified defense supply chains and potentially lower operating costs compared to commercial airliner-based platforms like the E-7. If confirmed at the Ankara summit, this contract will solidify Saab’s position as a primary competitor in the global AEW&C market while placing additional pressure on Boeing’s defense sector to secure international orders for the Wedgetail program.

Sources: Reuters

Photo Credit: Saab

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