Defense & Military
Poland Receives First Domestically Built AW149 Military Helicopter
Poland’s armed forces took delivery of their first fully domestic AW149 helicopter, marking a milestone in defense production and modernization.
On November 27, 2025, a significant chapter in Poland’s military modernization efforts was written at the 25th Air Cavalry Brigade airbase in Nowy Glinnik. The Polish Armed Forces officially took delivery of the first AW149 multirole Helicopters manufactured entirely on domestic soil. This event marks a pivotal moment for the nation’s defense industry, signaling the successful activation of full production capabilities at the PZL-Åšwidnik facility. While the Polish military has already received initial units from this fleet, those were manufactured in Italy to meet urgent operational requirements. This latest Delivery, the 11th unit overall, is the first of 22 helicopters to be built locally, representing a shift from simple procurement to industrial sovereignty.
We observe that this delivery is not merely a logistical handover but the tangible result of the PLN 8.25 billion (€1.76 billion) Contracts signed in July 2022. The agreement, which encompasses 32 helicopters in total, was structured to balance immediate military needs with long-term economic benefits. By splitting production between Leonardo’s Vergiate facility in Italy and the PZL-Świdnik plant in Poland, the Ministry of National Defense ensured a rapid initial influx of hardware while simultaneously upgrading local industrial infrastructure. The arrival of this specific aircraft confirms that the technology transfer and workforce training initiatives undertaken over the last three years have reached maturity.
The strategic importance of this event extends beyond the hardware itself. It validates the “Perkoz” program, an initiative designed to replace the aging Soviet-era Mi-2 and W-3 Sokół platforms that have served the Polish military for decades. As we analyze the current geopolitical climate in Central Europe, the necessity for modern, interoperable, and locally supportable equipment becomes undeniable. This delivery demonstrates that Poland is capable of sustaining its own supply chain for advanced rotary-wing assets, a critical factor for national security resilience.
The production of the AW149 in Poland is a testament to the capabilities of PZL-Åšwidnik, a company with a long history in aviation that is now fully integrated into the Leonardo group. Establishing a domestic production line required more than just assembling imported kits; it involved creating a complete technological chain. This includes systems integration, final assembly, and rigorous flight testing protocols conducted within Poland. According to reports from the handover ceremony, the facility reached full production capability approximately 20 months after the contract signature, a timeline that underscores the urgency and efficiency of the program.
From an economic perspective, the localization of the AW149 program has generated high-tech employment opportunities in the Lublin region. The contract stipulated not only the delivery of airframes but also a comprehensive logistics package, simulators, and a stockpile of spare parts. By anchoring these elements in Poland, the defense sector ensures that maintenance and upgrades can be performed locally, reducing reliance on external supply chains during potential crises. We can see this as a dual-purpose investment: strengthening the 25th Air Cavalry Brigade while simultaneously injecting capital and expertise into the Polish industrial base.
The collaboration between Italian and Polish engineers has also facilitated a deep exchange of technical know-how. Polish staff underwent extensive training at Leonardo’s Italian facilities to master the specific requirements of the AW149 platform. This human capital development is likely to pay dividends for decades, as the workforce at PZL-Świdnik is now equipped to handle future upgrades and potential export opportunities for the platform.
“The AW149 is a very good multirole helicopter, produced in cooperation with our Italian allies here in Poland. Today’s ceremony is also proof that we are developing our military capabilities while supporting jobs in the country.”
, Władysław Kosiniak-Kamysz, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of National Defense.
The AW149 is categorized as a medium-lift, multirole military helicopter, but its configuration for the Polish Armed Forces pushes it into the realm of heavy combat support. One of the most critical upgrades this platform introduces is the restoration of guided anti-tank capabilities. For years, the Polish military faced a capability gap following the depletion of missile stocks for its legacy Mi-24 fleet. The AW149 bridges this gap effectively. It is integrated with AGM-114R2 Hellfire II missiles, providing precision-strike capability against armored targets. This transforms the helicopter from a simple transport vehicle into a formidable asset capable of shaping the battlefield. In terms of performance, the aircraft is designed to operate in diverse and demanding environments. It boasts a maximum range of 958 kilometers and an endurance of approximately 4 hours and 55 minutes. With a top speed of 313 km/h, it offers rapid reaction times for air assault missions. The cabin is versatile, capable of transporting up to 19 passengers or 16 fully equipped troops, making it ideal for the rapid deployment forces of the 25th Air Cavalry Brigade. Furthermore, the Avionics suite includes advanced Electro-Optical/Infra-Red (EO/IR) sensors and secure communication systems, allowing the AW149 to serve as an airborne command post when necessary.
We must also consider the armament flexibility beyond the Hellfire missiles. The helicopters are equipped with 70mm rockets, capable of firing both guided and unguided variants, and cabin-mounted 7.62mm machine guns for infantry support. This mix of weaponry allows the crew to engage a wide spectrum of targets, from heavy armor to soft-skinned vehicles and enemy personnel. The inclusion of a modern self-defense suite ensures that the aircraft can survive in contested airspace, a mandatory requirement for modern high-intensity conflict scenarios.
“We have created a full technological chain for helicopter production and testing… The first helicopter for the 25th Air Cavalry Brigade was delivered 15 months after the contract was signed, and full production capability in Poland was reached after 20 months.”
, Bartosz Åšliwa, President of PZL-Åšwidnik.
The induction of the domestically built AW149 is part of a broader modernization matrix for the Polish Armed Forces. It serves as a bridge to the future fleet of AH-64E Apache attack helicopters, which Poland is also acquiring. While the Apaches will provide heavy attack capabilities, the AW149s will handle utility, transport, and combat support roles, creating a layered and complementary rotary-wing force. The ability to produce the support fleet domestically allows the military to allocate foreign procurement budgets to systems that cannot yet be built locally, optimizing overall defense spending.
Looking ahead, the delivery schedule remains aggressive. With the first Polish-built unit now in service, PZL-Åšwidnik is tasked with delivering the remaining 21 units by 2029. The successful adherence to this timeline will be a key indicator of Poland’s growing maturity as a defense manufacturer. As the 7th Aviation Squadron of the 25th Air Cavalry Brigade integrates these machines, we expect to see an increase in joint training exercises, validating the operational concepts that drove this procurement.
Ultimately, the arrival of the first Polish-made AW149 is a validation of Poland’s strategy to couple defense spending with industrialization. It secures a vital supply chain, modernizes a key component of the armed forces, and proves that the Polish defense industry can deliver complex systems on time and to specification. As the fleet grows over the coming years, the AW149 is set to become the workhorse of the Polish Army Aviation, symbolizing a new era of self-reliance and technological advancement.
In summary, the November 27, 2025, handover of the first domestically produced AW149 helicopter represents a major achievement for both the Polish Armed Forces and the local defense industry. It marks the transition from relying on emergency foreign deliveries to establishing a sustainable, sovereign production capability. The collaboration between the Ministry of National Defense and PZL-Åšwidnik has yielded a platform that not only replaces obsolete equipment but also introduces new combat capabilities, particularly in anti-tank warfare.
As we look toward the completion of the contract in 2029, the focus will shift to the operational integration of these assets and the long-term maintenance of the fleet. This program serves as a blueprint for future defense procurements, demonstrating how international cooperation can be leveraged to build domestic industrial strength. The AW149 is now firmly established as a cornerstone of Poland’s air mobility and combat support strategy. Question: What is the primary role of the AW149 in the Polish Armed Forces? Question: How many AW149 helicopters is Poland purchasing? Question: What armament does the Polish AW149 carry?
A Milestone for Polish Defense: First Domestically Built AW149 Delivered
Industrial Capabilities and Economic Impact
Technical Specifications and Combat Readiness
Strategic Context and Future Outlook
Concluding Section
FAQ
Answer: The AW149 is a multirole helicopter designed for transport, combat support, and command post missions. It is capable of carrying troops, conducting air assault operations, and engaging armored targets using guided missiles.
Answer: Poland has signed a contract for a total of 32 AW149 helicopters. The first 10 were produced in Italy, while the remaining 22 are being manufactured domestically by PZL-Åšwidnik.
Answer: The helicopters are equipped with AGM-114R2 Hellfire II anti-tank missiles, 70mm guided and unguided rockets, and cabin-mounted 7.62mm machine guns.
Sources
Photo Credit: PZLSwidnik
Defense & Military
Firehawk Aerospace Expands Rocket Motor Production in Mississippi Facility
Firehawk Aerospace acquires a DCMA-rated facility in Mississippi to boost production of solid rocket motors using 3D-printing technology.
This article is based on an official press release from Firehawk Aerospace.
On December 19, 2025, Firehawk Aerospace announced a significant expansion of its manufacturing capabilities with the acquisition of a specialized defense facility in Crawford, Mississippi. The Dallas-based defense technology company has secured a 20-year lease on the 636-acre site, which was formerly operated by Nammo Talley.
This acquisition marks a strategic pivot for Firehawk as it moves to address critical shortages in the U.S. defense supply chain. By taking over a facility that is already rated by the Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA), the company aims to bypass the lengthy construction and certification timelines typically associated with greenfield defense projects. The site will serve as a hub for the full-system integration of solid rocket motors (SRMs), complementing the company’s existing R&D operations in Texas and energetics production in Oklahoma.
The Crawford facility is located in Lowndes County within Mississippi’s “Golden Triangle” region. According to the company’s announcement, the site is a “turnkey” defense asset designed specifically for handling high-grade explosives and munitions. The infrastructure includes assembly bays protected by one-foot-thick concrete walls and safety “blowout” walls designed to contain accidental detonations.
Because the facility was previously used by Nammo Defense Systems for the high-volume assembly of shoulder-launched munitions, such as the M72 LAW and SMAW systems, it retains the necessary regulatory certifications to allow for rapid operational ramp-up. Firehawk Aerospace CEO Will Edwards emphasized the urgency of this expansion in a statement regarding the deal.
“This acquisition strengthens Firehawk’s ability to address one of the nation’s most urgent defense challenges: rebuilding munition inventories that have been drawn down faster than they can be replaced.”
, Will Edwards, Co-founder and CEO of Firehawk Aerospace
The acquisition comes at a time when the Western defense industrial base is grappling with a severe shortage of solid rocket motors, which power critical systems like the Javelin, Stinger, and GMLRS missiles. Traditional manufacturing methods, which involve casting propellant in large batches that take weeks to cure, have created production bottlenecks.
Firehawk Aerospace intends to disrupt this model by utilizing proprietary 3D-printing technology to manufacture propellant grains. According to the press release, this additive manufacturing approach reduces production times from weeks to hours. The company has explicitly stated that the new Mississippi facility is being designed to achieve a production tempo of “thousands of rockets per month,” a significant increase over legacy industry standards. “While the current industrial base is built to produce thousands of rockets per year, we are building this site… to operate at a much higher production tempo… designing for throughput measured in thousands per month, not years.”
, Will Edwards, CEO
The expansion is expected to bring skilled jobs to the Golden Triangle region, which is increasingly becoming a hub for aerospace and defense activity. Mississippi Governor Tate Reeves welcomed the investments, noting the dual benefits of economic growth and national security support.
“Their acquisition in Crawford will bring skilled jobs to the region while directly contributing to the production capacity our nation needs.”
, Tate Reeves, Governor of Mississippi
From R&D to Mass Production: This acquisition signals Firehawk’s transition from a development-focused startup to a volume manufacturer. By securing a pre-rated facility, Firehawk has effectively shaved 2–3 years off its timeline, the period typically required to build and certify a new explosives handling site. This speed is critical given the current geopolitical demand for tactical munitions.
Supply Chain Decentralization: The move also highlights a strategy of decentralization. By distributing operations across Texas (R&D), Oklahoma (Energetics), and now Mississippi (Integration), Firehawk is building a supply chain that may prove more resilient than centralized legacy models. This geographic diversity also allows the company to tap into distinct labor markets and state-level incentives, such as Mississippi’s aerospace initiatives.
What is the significance of the DCMA rating? How does Firehawk’s technology differ from traditional methods? What was the facility used for previously?
Firehawk Aerospace Acquires Mississippi Facility to Scale Rocket Motor Production
Strategic Asset Details
Addressing the “Rocket Motor Crisis”
Regional Economic Impact
AirPro News Analysis
Frequently Asked Questions
A DCMA (Defense Contract Management Agency) rating verifies that a facility meets strict Department of Defense quality and safety standards. Acquiring a pre-rated facility allows Firehawk to begin production much faster than if they had to build and certify a new site from scratch.
Traditional solid rocket motors are cast in large batches, a process that requires weeks for the propellant to cure. Firehawk uses 3D-printing technology to print propellant grains, which allows for custom geometries and reduces the manufacturing time to mere hours.
The facility was formerly operated by Nammo Talley (now Nammo Defense Systems) for the assembly of shoulder-launched munitions, including the M72 LAW and SMAW systems.Sources
Photo Credit: Firehawk Aerospace
Defense & Military
20 Years of the F-22 Raptor Operational Capability and Upgrades
Lockheed Martin celebrates 20 years of the F-22 Raptor’s operational service, highlighting its stealth, combat roles, readiness challenges, and modernization.
Lockheed Martin has launched a campaign commemorating the 20th anniversary of the F-22 Raptor achieving Initial Operational Capability (IOC). In December 2005, the 27th Fighter Squadron at Langley Air Force Base in Virginia became the first unit to field the fifth-generation fighter, marking a significant shift in global air superiority.
According to the manufacturer’s announcement, the aircraft continues to define the benchmark for modern air combat. In a statement regarding the milestone, Lockheed Martin emphasized the platform’s enduring relevance:
“The F-22 Raptor sets the global standard for capability, readiness, and mission success.”
While the airframe was designed in the 1990s and first flew in 1997, the F-22 remains a central pillar of U.S. air power. The fleet, which consists of approximately 185 remaining aircraft out of the 195 originally built, has evolved from a pure air superiority fighter into a multi-role platform capable of ground strikes and strategic deterrence.
Since its operational debut, the F-22 has maintained a reputation for dominance, primarily established through high-end military aircraft exercises rather than direct air-to-air combat against manned aircraft.
Data from the U.S. Air Force and independent observers highlights the discrepancy between the Raptor’s exercise performance and its real-world combat engagements. During the 2006 Northern Edge exercise, its first major test after becoming operational, the F-22 reportedly achieved a 108-to-0 kill ratio against simulated adversaries flying F-15s, F-16s, and F/A-18s.
Despite this lethality in training, the aircraft’s combat record is distinct. The F-22 made its combat debut in September 2014 during Operation Inherent Resolve, conducting ground strikes against ISIS targets in Syria. To date, the aircraft has zero confirmed kills against manned enemy aircraft. Its sole air-to-air victory occurred in February 2023, when an F-22 utilized an AIM-9X Sidewinder missile to down a high-altitude Chinese surveillance balloon off the coast of South Carolina.
The primary driver of the F-22’s longevity is its low observable technology. Defense analysts estimate the Raptor’s Radar Cross Section (RCS) to be approximately 0.0001 square meters, roughly the size of a steel marble. This makes it significantly stealthier than the F-35 Lightning II and orders of magnitude harder to detect than foreign competitors like the Russian Su-57 or the Chinese J-20.
While Lockheed Martin’s anniversary campaign highlights “readiness” as a key pillar of the F-22’s legacy, recent Air Force data suggests a more complex reality regarding the fleet’s health. We note that maintaining the world’s premier stealth fighter comes at a steep logistical cost. According to data published by Air & Space Forces Magazine regarding Fiscal Year 2024, the F-22’s mission capable (MC) rate dropped to approximately 40%. This figure represents a decline from roughly 52% in the previous fiscal year and indicates that, at any given time, fewer than half of the Raptors in the inventory are flyable and combat-ready.
This low readiness rate is largely attributed to the fragility of the aircraft’s stealth coatings and the aging avionics of the older airframes. The Air Force has previously attempted to retire 32 older “Block 20” F-22s used for training to divert funds toward newer programs, though Congress has blocked these efforts to preserve fleet numbers. The contrast between the jet’s theoretical dominance and its logistical availability remains a critical challenge for planners.
Contrary to earlier projections that might have seen the F-22 retired in the 2030s, the Air Force is investing heavily to keep the platform viable until the Next Generation Air Dominance (NGAD) fighter comes online.
In 2021, the Air Force awarded Lockheed Martin a $10.9 billion contract for the Advanced Raptor Enhancement and Sustainment (ARES) program. This decade-long modernization effort aims to update the fleet’s hardware and software.
According to budget documents for Fiscal Year 2026, the “Viability” upgrade package includes several key enhancements:
These investments suggest that while the F-22 is celebrating its past 20 years, the Air Force intends to rely on its capabilities well into the next decade.
Sources: Lockheed Martin, U.S. Air Force
Two Decades of the Raptor: Celebrating the F-22’s Operational Milestone
Operational History and Combat Record
Exercise Performance vs. Combat Reality
Stealth Capabilities
AirPro News Analysis: The Readiness Paradox
Modernization and Future Outlook
The ARES Contract and Upgrades
Sources
Photo Credit: Lockheed Martin
Defense & Military
U.S. Navy Zero-G Helmet System Completes Critical Design Review
Collins Elbit Vision Systems completes design review for the Zero-G Helmet Display, reducing pilot weight load and enhancing safety for Navy aircraft.
This article is based on an official press release from Collins Elbit Vision Systems (RTX).
Collins Elbit Vision Systems (CEVS), a joint venture between RTX’s Collins Aerospace and Elbit Systems of America, has officially announced the completion of the Critical Design Review (CDR) for the Zero-G Helmet Mounted Display System+ (HMDS+). This milestone, finalized on December 12, 2025, marks a pivotal step in the U.S. Navy’s Improved Joint Helmet-Mounted Cueing System (IJHMCS) program.
The successful CDR effectively freezes the system’s design, confirming that the helmet meets the Navy’s rigorous requirements for safety, performance, and platform integration. With the design locked, the program now transitions into the airworthiness testing and integration phase, bringing the system closer to deployment aboard the F/A-18E/F Super Hornet and EA-18G Growler fleets.
According to the press release, the Zero-G HMDS+ is engineered to address long-standing physiological challenges faced by naval aviators while introducing “6th-generation” digital capabilities to existing 4.5-generation aircraft.
The Zero-G HMDS+ represents a significant departure from legacy analog systems. While previous iterations required pilots to physically attach heavy Night Vision Goggles (NVGs) for low-light operations, the new system integrates digital night vision directly into the visor. This integration streamlines cockpit operations and reduces the physical burden on the aircrew.
A primary driver for the Zero-G’s development is the reduction of head-borne weight. High-G maneuvers in fighter aircraft place immense strain on a pilot’s neck and spine, a hazard exacerbated by heavy, unbalanced legacy helmets. CEVS reports that the Zero-G system is more than 25 percent lighter than current market alternatives. Its name is derived from its optimized center of gravity, designed to minimize fatigue and long-term injury risks.
Capt. Joseph Kamara, the U.S. Navy Program Manager for Naval Aircrew Systems (PMA-202), emphasized the safety implications of the new design in a statement:
“Aircrew health and safety is our number one priority. The Zero-G being integrated through our IJHMCS program promises to relieve aircrew of neck and back strain and greatly improve ejection safety.”
Beyond ergonomics, the helmet utilizes a binocular waveguide display system. Unlike monocular reticles used in older models, this technology projects high-definition color symbology and video into both eyes, creating a fully immersive 3D view of the battlespace. The system is capable of “sensor fusion at the edge,” processing mission data and weapon information directly on the helmet to act as a primary flight instrument. Luke Savoie, President and CEO of Elbit Systems of America, highlighted the strategic necessity of this upgrade:
“Zero-G is providing sensor fusion at the edge… As fighter aircraft level-up, the HMDs of those systems need to as well.”
The Zero-G HMDS+ program has moved rapidly since CEVS was awarded a $16 million contract by the U.S. Navy in September 2023 for development and test support. Following the successful CDR in December 2025, the program is scheduled to undergo flight testing and Avionics integration throughout 2026 and 2027.
The U.S. Navy projects Initial Operational Capability (IOC) for the system in 2027. Once fielded, it is expected to equip aviators across the entire fleet of U.S. Navy and Royal Australian Air Force Super Hornets and Growlers, totaling more than 750 aircraft.
The completion of the CDR signals a critical maturity point for the Navy’s effort to modernize the human-machine interface in its tactical fleet. While much industry attention is focused on future platforms like NGAD (Next Generation Air Dominance), the Zero-G program illustrates the military’s commitment to maintaining the lethality and survivability of its existing backbone fleet.
By adapting technology originally matured for the F-35 Gen III helmet, CEVS is effectively retrofitting advanced situational awareness tools onto older airframes. This approach not only extends the combat relevance of the Super Hornet but also addresses the acute retention issue of pilot physical health. The shift to digital night vision and balanced weight distribution suggests that the Navy views pilot longevity as a critical component of fleet readiness.
Critical Design Review Completed for Navy’s Next-Gen Helmet
Technical Leap: The Zero-G HMDS+
Weight Reduction and Pilot Safety
Advanced Display Capabilities
Program Timeline and Deployment
AirPro News Analysis
Sources
Photo Credit: RTX
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