Technology & Innovation
Joby Aviation Advances eVTOL Air Mobility Plans in Saudi Arabia
Joby Aviation partners with Red Sea Global and The Helicopter Company to test eVTOL flights in Saudi Arabia by 2026 supporting sustainable tourism goals.
We are observing a significant development in the global electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) sector as Joby Aviation formalizes its operational intent in the Middle East. The company has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Red Sea Global (RSG) and The Helicopter Company (THC). This tripartite agreement is designed to establish a “sandbox” environment for pre-commercial evaluation flights within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The initiative marks a concrete step toward introducing advanced air mobility to the region, with initial flights targeted for the first half of 2026.
The collaboration focuses on integrating Joby’s electric aircraft into the developing transportation network of Saudi Arabia’s west coast. Specifically, the operations are planned for RSG’s luxury regenerative tourism destinations, The Red Sea and AMAALA. This move aligns with the Kingdom’s broader Vision 2030 objectives, which prioritize sustainable tourism, economic diversification, and the adoption of cutting-edge technologies. By establishing a regulatory and operational testbed, the partners aim to validate the technology and passenger experience before a wider commercial rollout.
This announcement builds upon Joby’s existing relationships within the region. It follows a separate agreement with the General Authority of Civil Aviation (GACA) to streamline the certification process for air taxis in the Kingdom. As the industry moves from concept to operational reality, this partnership represents a strategic convergence of technology developers, destination managers, and established aviation operators working to define the future of short-haul travel in Saudi Arabia.
The core of this new agreement is the creation of a “sandbox” environment. In regulatory and industrial terms, this refers to a controlled testing ground where new technologies can be evaluated under real-world conditions without the immediate pressure of full commercial service. For Joby Aviation, this means bringing their aircraft to the Kingdom to demonstrate operational capabilities. The scope of the MoU extends beyond simple flight tests; it encompasses the development of necessary ground infrastructure, flight scheduling logistics, and the integration of electric aviation into local airspace management systems.
The Helicopter Company (THC), a subsidiary of the Public Investment Fund (PIF), plays a critical role in this operational equation. As Saudi Arabia’s premier commercial helicopter operator, THC brings essential local aviation expertise and logistical support to the table. THC is currently expanding its fleet and views eVTOL technology as a necessary evolution for short-haul urban and resort transport. Their involvement suggests a focus on the practicalities of maintenance, pilot integration, and safety protocols that will be required to transition from conventional rotary-wing aircraft to electric alternatives.
Red Sea Global’s participation dictates the geographical and environmental context of these operations. As the developer behind “giga-projects” like The Red Sea and AMAALA, RSG has a mandate to power its destinations with 100% renewable energy. The introduction of electric air taxis is intended to replace the noise and emissions associated with traditional helicopters and combustion-engine boats. This alignment allows RSG to offer guests a travel experience that is consistent with their sustainability goals, moving visitors between resorts and airports with minimal environmental impact.
The establishment of a regulatory sandbox allows for the validation of safety protocols and infrastructure requirements in a controlled environment prior to commercialization.
The push to introduce air taxis in Saudi Arabia is not occurring in a vacuum; it is heavily supported by the regulatory framework established by the General Authority of Civil Aviation (GACA). GACA has previously indicated its willingness to accept certification standards from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) as a baseline for operations within the Kingdom. This decision is pivotal, as it potentially shortens the regulatory timeline and reduces the bureaucratic friction often associated with introducing novel aviation technologies into new jurisdictions.
From a market perspective, this agreement highlights the competitive nature of the emerging eVTOL sector in the Middle East. Saudi Arabia is actively positioning itself as an early adopter of advanced air mobility. Joby Aviation is not the only entity vying for presence in this market; other major manufacturers have also engaged with local stakeholders. However, Joby’s position is bolstered by its relationship with Abdul Latif Jameel, a Saudi business conglomerate and early investor in the company. Previous disclosures have outlined a potential framework for the purchase of up to 200 aircraft, suggesting a long-term commercial vision beyond the initial testing phase. The economic implications of this partnership are tied directly to the success of Saudi Arabia’s tourism sector. By 2030, the Kingdom aims to attract millions of international visitors. The ability to offer rapid, quiet, and emission-free transport is viewed as a premium service differentiator. Furthermore, the successful deployment of this technology could position the Kingdom as a global hub for logistics and transport innovation, attracting further foreign investment and technical expertise to the region.
Operating electric aircraft in the Saudi Arabian climate presents distinct technical challenges that differ from testing conditions in the United States or Europe. The primary environmental factors are high ambient temperatures and the presence of dust. Joby Aviation has acknowledged these conditions and is actively working to validate its aircraft’s performance in such environments. The company has engaged in flight-testing in the wider region to gather data on how extreme heat affects battery performance and system reliability.
Thermal management is a critical component of the engineering focus. To ensure passenger comfort and operational safety, the aircraft requires robust cooling systems. Joby has developed a custom cabin thermal management system designed to regulate internal temperatures efficiently. This system operates similarly to heat pumps found in electric vehicles, aiming to keep passengers cool without placing an excessive drain on the battery reserves, a balance that is essential for maintaining range and operational frequency in a hot climate.
Infrastructure development is another hurdle that the “sandbox” initiative aims to address. The remote nature of the Red Sea and AMAALA resorts requires the installation of high-speed electric charging stations capable of supporting rapid turnaround times. These stations must be integrated into the local renewable energy grids to maintain the carbon-neutral promise of the destination. The testing phase will likely determine the optimal placement and technical specifications for these chargers, ensuring they can withstand the local environmental conditions while delivering consistent power to the aircraft.
The Memorandum of Understanding between Joby Aviation, Red Sea Global, and The Helicopter Company represents a calculated progression toward the commercialization of electric air travel in the Middle East. By targeting the first half of 2026 for initial flights, the partners have set a tangible timeline for transitioning from concept to reality. This initiative serves as a testing ground not just for the aircraft, but for the entire ecosystem of infrastructure, regulation, and operations required to support advanced air mobility.
As the project moves forward, the industry will be watching closely to see how the technology adapts to the specific environmental and operational demands of Saudi Arabia. Success in this “sandbox” could validate the viability of eVTOLs in high-heat climates and luxury tourism markets globally. It underscores a broader trend where sustainable aviation is becoming a central component of modern infrastructure planning, driven by a combination of government vision and private sector innovation.
Question: When are the Joby Aviation flights expected to begin in Saudi Arabia? Question: Who are the partners involved in this agreement? Question: What is the purpose of the “sandbox” mentioned in the announcement?
Joby Aviation Advances Air Mobility Plans in Saudi Arabia
Establishing the “Sandbox” for Aerial Innovation
Strategic Alignment and Regulatory Pathways
Technical Challenges and Environmental Adaptations
Concluding Section
FAQ
Answer: The partners are targeting the first half of 2026 to begin initial pre-commercial flights within the established “sandbox” environment.
Answer: The agreement is a tripartite Memorandum of Understanding between Joby Aviation, Red Sea Global (RSG), and The Helicopter Company (THC).
Answer: The “sandbox” is a regulatory and operational testbed designed to validate the technology, safety protocols, infrastructure, and passenger experience in real-world conditions before full commercial rollout.
Sources
Photo Credit: Joby Aviation
Technology & Innovation
Joby Aviation and Metropolis Develop 25 US Vertiports for eVTOL Launch
Joby Aviation partners with Metropolis Technologies to retrofit parking garages into 25 vertiports across US cities, supporting a 2026 eVTOL commercial launch.
This article is based on an official press release from Joby Aviation.
Joby Aviation has announced a significant infrastructure partnership with Metropolis Technologies to develop a network of 25 vertiports across the United States. The collaboration aims to repurpose existing parking infrastructure into “mobility hubs” to support the commercial launch of electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft.
According to the company’s announcement, the partnership will leverage Metropolis’s extensive portfolio of parking facilities to create takeoff and landing sites in key metropolitan areas. By retrofitting existing structures rather than building new terminals from the ground up, Joby intends to accelerate the deployment of its air taxi service, which is currently targeting a commercial launch in 2026.
The initiative addresses one of the most critical challenges in the Urban Air Mobility (UAM) sector: the “last mile” connection. The integration of ground and air travel is designed to offer passengers a seamless transition from their vehicles to Joby’s aircraft, utilizing advanced artificial intelligence to streamline the process.
The core strategy of this partnership involves identifying and upgrading sites within Metropolis’s network, which expanded significantly following its recent acquisition of SP+. With access to over 4,200 parking facilities, the companies plan to select prime locations in high-density urban centers such as Los Angeles, San Francisco, and New York City.
Joby Aviation stated that this retrofit approach offers a distinct advantage over constructing standalone vertiports. By utilizing the top decks of existing parking garages, the partners can reduce upfront construction costs and navigate zoning requirements more efficiently. These sites will be designed to meet the Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAA) Engineering Brief 105A, which outlines the specific design standards for vertiport geometry, marking, and load-bearing capacity.
“For air taxis to deliver on their promise of seamless urban travel, they must connect directly with the existing ground transportation ecosystem. By leveraging existing parking infrastructure… we can maximize the value of those sites without needing to build infrastructure from scratch.”
, JoeBen Bevirt, Founder and CEO of Joby Aviation
Beyond physical infrastructure, the partnership emphasizes the integration of Metropolis’s proprietary technology. The company utilizes AI-powered computer vision to manage facility access and payments. In the context of air travel, this technology aims to facilitate a “drive-in, fly-out” experience. According to the release, cameras will recognize a passenger’s vehicle upon entry, automatically processing parking fees and initiating the check-in process for their flight. This system is intended to eliminate the need for physical tickets, gates, or kiosks, aligning with the industry’s push for a frictionless passenger experience.
“The real world is the next frontier for AI… We are taking the data and recognition capabilities we’ve built in our network and extending it to air travel, creating the seamless, personalized, and magical experience that is the foundation of the Recognition Economy.”
, Alex Israel, CEO of Metropolis Technologies
While the construction of full vertiports is a longer-term project targeting 2026, the partnership includes immediate operational steps. Metropolis subsidiary Bags Inc. will begin providing VIP baggage handling services for Blade Urban Air Mobility, a partner of Joby Aviation, in New York City. This service will support flights between Manhattan and major airports such as JFK and Newark.
Los Angeles has been identified as a primary market for the initial vertiport rollout. The companies are currently evaluating downtown parking structures that can be adapted to support high-frequency air taxi operations. This focus on Los Angeles aligns with Joby’s broader strategy to establish a foothold in regions with high traffic congestion, where the time-saving value of eVTOL aircraft is most apparent.
We observe that this partnership represents a divergent strategy in the race for UAM infrastructure. While competitors like Archer Aviation have partnered with Atlantic Aviation to electrify existing private aviation terminals (FBOs), Joby is betting on bringing aircraft closer to the consumer’s daily commute via parking garages.
The “retrofit” model proposed by Joby and Metropolis may offer scalability advantages. Parking garages are ubiquitous in city centers, whereas private air terminals are typically located on the periphery at airports. If successful, this approach could allow Joby to penetrate dense urban cores more deeply than competitors relying solely on airport-based infrastructure.
However, we note that retrofitting parking decks presents its own engineering challenges, particularly regarding the structural reinforcement required to handle the weight and dynamic loads of landing aircraft, as well as the installation of high-voltage charging infrastructure in older buildings.
Transforming Parking Garages into Mobility Hubs
Integration of AI Technology
Immediate Rollout and Strategic Markets
AirPro News Analysis
Frequently Asked Questions
Sources
Photo Credit: Joby Aviation
Technology & Innovation
Vertical Aerospace Targets Full VX4 Transition Flight in Early 2026
Vertical Aerospace advances VX4 flight tests with 10 piloted flights completed; full transition now targeted for early 2026 amid regulatory updates.
This article is based on an official press release from Vertical Aerospace and includes analysis based on publicly available financial filings.
On December 19, 2025, Vertical Aerospace released a significant operational update regarding the flight testing of its full-scale VX4 prototype. According to the company, the engineering team has successfully completed 10 piloted test flights since receiving a “Permit to Fly” from the UK Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) in November. While the company reports expanding the majority of the flight envelope, the critical milestone of full piloted transition, switching completely from vertical hover to wing-borne cruise, has not yet been achieved.
The Bristol-based eVTOL (electric vertical take-off and landing) manufacturer stated that weather constraints and limited testing windows have pushed the target for full transition into early 2026. This update comes shortly after the company unveiled “Valo,” its production-intent aircraft, earlier this month.
Since resuming flight activities on November 13, 2025, Vertical Aerospace reports that the VX4 prototype has undergone rigorous testing to validate its handling and safety systems. The press release highlights that the aircraft has successfully performed acceleration and deceleration maneuvers and tested various tilt positions for its rotors.
According to Vertical Aerospace, the Test-Flights campaign has achieved several specific technical milestones:
The testing program has successfully validated the in-flight deployment and stowing of rear propellers, propeller spin-up during wing-borne flight, and “prop-hold” functionality.
The company notes that the “majority of the transition envelope” has now been expanded, leaving only the final 10% of the tilt transition untested. The completion of this final phase is required to demonstrate the aircraft’s ability to fly purely on wing lift, a defining characteristic of viable eVTOL technology.
Alongside the flight test updates, Vertical Aerospace announced a regulatory achievement involving the UK Civil Aviation Authority (CAA). The Regulations has granted the company new privileges allowing it to approve its own “Flight Conditions” and issue Permits to Fly for specific scenarios.
In the press release, the company framed this development as a signal of regulatory confidence in their design and engineering processes. This authorization is expected to streamline future testing phases by reducing the administrative lead time required for certain flight approvals. It is important for industry observers to distinguish between the aircraft currently undergoing testing and the product Vertical Aerospace intends to bring to market. The operational update refers specifically to the VX4 prototype, which serves as a testbed for data gathering. However, the commercial future of the company rests on “Valo,” the production model unveiled around December 10, 2025.
While the VX4 validates the core physics and control laws, Valo features a redesigned airframe, updated wing architecture, and an under-floor battery system. The delay in the VX4’s full transition means that critical aerodynamic data needed to finalize Valo’s Certification profile, targeted for 2028, will not be fully available until the prototype completes its envelope expansion in 2026.
The delay of the full transition flight places Vertical Aerospace behind its primary United States competitors in terms of technical milestones. Competitors such as Joby Aviation and Archer Aviation successfully completed full piloted transition flights earlier in 2025. Furthermore, the European market saw a significant contraction earlier this year with the reported insolvency of Lilium in February 2025, highlighting the capital-intensive nature of the sector.
Financial-Results sustainability remains a key focus for Vertical Aerospace. According to the company’s Q3 2025 Business & Strategy Update, Vertical reported a cash position of approximately $117 million. Based on current burn rates, the company projects this capital will fund operations until mid-2026.
With certification slated for 2028, this creates a “funding gap” that the company will need to address. The shift of the transition milestone to 2026 may influence investor sentiment, as the market often looks to technical achievements as validation for further capital injection.
What is the difference between the VX4 and Valo? When will Vertical Aerospace achieve full transition? What is the company’s current financial runway?
Vertical Aerospace Updates VX4 Flight Test Progress; Full Transition Targeted for Early 2026
VX4 Flight Testing Achievements
Regulatory Developments
Strategic Context and Market Position
AirPro News Analysis: The VX4 vs. Valo Distinction
AirPro News Analysis: Financial and Competitive Landscape
Frequently Asked Questions
The VX4 is the current full-scale prototype used for flight testing and validation. Valo is the recently unveiled production-intent aircraft that Vertical Aerospace plans to manufacture commercially, featuring design improvements based on VX4 data.
The company has rescheduled the full piloted transition flight, where the aircraft switches from vertical lift to wing-borne flight, for early 2026, citing weather and scheduling constraints.
As of the Q3 2025 update, Vertical Aerospace holds approximately $117 million in cash, which is projected to sustain operations until mid-2026.
Sources
Photo Credit: Vertical Aerospace
Technology & Innovation
Eve Air Mobility Completes First Flight of Full-Scale eVTOL Prototype
Eve Air Mobility conducted a successful first flight of its full-scale eVTOL prototype in Brazil, validating key systems ahead of 2027 certification.
This article is based on an official press release from Eve Air Mobility.
On December 19, 2025, Eve Air Mobility achieved a critical milestone in the development of its electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft. The company, a subsidiary of Brazilian aerospace giant Embraer, successfully conducted the first flight of its full-scale prototype at the Embraer test facility in Gavião Peixoto, São Paulo, Brazil.
This uncrewed hover flight validates the fundamental architecture of the aircraft, which utilizes a “Lift + Cruise” configuration distinct from the tilt-rotor designs favored by some competitors. According to the company’s official statement, the test confirmed the functionality of the electric propulsion system and the 5th-generation fly-by-wire controls, performing exactly as computer models had predicted.
While Eve Air Mobility is entering the flight-test phase later than some of its primary rivals, the successful deployment of a full-scale prototype signals the company’s transition from design to execution. With a target Entry into Service (EIS) set for 2027, Eve is leveraging Embraer’s industrial backing to accelerate its Certification program.
The test conducted in Gavião Peixoto was a dedicated hover flight. This specific profile is designed to test the vertical lift capabilities of the aircraft before attempting forward wing-borne flight. The prototype utilized eight dedicated vertical lift rotors to maintain a stable hover, allowing engineers to assess aerodynamic performance and control laws in real-world conditions.
Johann Bordais, CEO of Eve Air Mobility, emphasized the significance of the event in a statement released by the company:
“Today, Eve flew… This flight validates our plan, which has been executed with precision to deliver the best solution for the market.”
Following this successful hover test, the company plans to expand the flight envelope throughout 2026. This will involve transitioning from vertical lift to forward flight, powered by the rear pusher propeller, and testing the aircraft’s fixed wing for cruise efficiency.
The prototype flown represents the configuration intended for commercial certification. Unlike “tilt-rotor” designs that rotate propellers to switch between lift and cruise modes, Eve has opted for a separated “Lift + Cruise” architecture. This design choice prioritizes mechanical simplicity and potentially lower maintenance costs. According to technical specifications released by Eve Air Mobility, the aircraft features:
At AirPro News, we observe that Eve’s successful first flight places it in a unique position within the “race to market.” While competitors like Joby Aviation and Archer Aviation have already logged significant flight hours with full-scale prototypes, including transition flights, Eve’s strategy appears to be one of deliberate, industrial-scale preparation over speed.
The “Lift + Cruise” design philosophy suggests a focus on reliability and operating economics. By avoiding the complex tilting mechanisms found in competitor aircraft, Eve may offer operators a vehicle with fewer moving parts and lower direct maintenance costs. Furthermore, Eve’s relationship with Embraer provides immediate access to a global service and support network, a logistical hurdle that independent Startups must build from scratch.
Despite being arguably the “tortoise” in terms of flight testing timelines, Eve holds the industry’s largest backlog of Letters of Intent (LoI), totaling nearly 3,000 aircraft. This massive order book indicates strong market confidence in Embraer’s ability to deliver a certifiable product.
Looking ahead, Eve Air Mobility has outlined a rigorous schedule for the next two years. The company intends to build five additional conforming prototypes in 2026 to accelerate data collection. These aircraft will be used to accumulate the hundreds of flight hours required for certification authorities.
Luiz Valentini, CTO of Eve, noted the disciplined approach to the upcoming testing phase:
“The prototype behaved as predicted by our models… We will expand the envelope and progress toward transition to wingborne flight in a disciplined manner.”
The company is targeting Type Certification from Brazil’s ANAC in 2027, with concurrent validation sought from the FAA (USA) and EASA (Europe). Commercial deliveries are scheduled to begin immediately following certification.
Eve Air Mobility Successfully Completes First Flight of Full-Scale eVTOL Prototype
Flight Details and Technical Validation
Aircraft Specifications: The “Eve-100”
AirPro News Analysis: The Strategic Landscape
Future Roadmap: Certification and Service
Frequently Asked Questions
Sources
Photo Credit: Embraer
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