Defense & Military
US Air Force Plans Temporary Fighter Dip Before Growth by 2035
USAF fighter fleet to shrink until 2028 due to retirements and F-35 delays, then expand to 1,558 jets by 2035 with advanced tech upgrades.

USAF Fighter Fleet Hits a Dip Before a Climb
The United States Air-Forces is navigating a period of calculated contraction. According to a new fighter roadmap submitted to Congress, the total number of fighter aircraft is set to decline over the next couple of years before beginning a steady climb toward ambitious long-term goals. This strategic dip is the result of a complex balancing act involving the retirement of aging platforms, the slower-than-expected integration of the F-35 Lightning II, and persistent modernization delays. The plan reveals a force in transition, deliberately shedding older, less survivable aircraft to pave the way for a more advanced, capable, and ultimately larger fleet by the mid-2030s.
This roadmap, completed in August 2025, provides the clearest public picture of the Air Force’s modernization strategy. It introduces a new metric, the “Combat Coded Total Aircraft Inventory” (CCTAI), which offers a more comprehensive count of all fighters in the USAF’s possession. The numbers are straightforward, the total fighter inventory is projected to shrink from 1,271 aircraft in fiscal year 2026 to a low of 1,215 in 2028. Following this trough, the numbers are expected to rebound, reaching 1,304 by 2030 and aiming for a robust 1,558 jets by 2035. This temporary reduction is not a sign of weakness, but rather a necessary phase in a sweeping overhaul designed to prepare the service for future high-end conflicts.
At the heart of this transition is the F-35A Lightning II, the cornerstone of the Air Force’s future fighter force. However, its fleet growth is projected to be modest in the near term. This deliberate pacing is influenced by several factors, most notably significant delays in the critical Technology Refresh 3 (TR-3) upgrade. This reality forces a recalibration of expectations, where the focus shifts from rapid mass acquisition to ensuring that the aircraft entering service are equipped with the most advanced and combat-ready technology available.
The F-35 Conundrum: Slower Growth and Tech Hurdles
The integration of the F-35A into the fleet is proceeding at a more measured pace than previously anticipated. The roadmap projects a net increase of only 39 aircraft in fiscal year 2027, followed by an even smaller addition of 18 jets in 2028. These figures are a far cry from the 72-per-year acquisition rate some experts had suggested was necessary for rapid modernization. The Air Force has clarified that these numbers reflect the “desired overall USAF possessed inventory on the ramp” and are not direct procurement targets. This indicates a strategic choice to prioritize capability over sheer numbers in the short term.
A primary driver of this slowdown is the persistent delay in the F-35’s Technology Refresh 3 (TR-3) upgrade. TR-3 is not a minor update, it provides the essential computing power and memory required for the jet’s advanced Block 4 capabilities. Originally scheduled for completion in April 2023, the TR-3 program has been plagued by software development issues. These problems led the Pentagon to temporarily halt the acceptance of new F-35s. While deliveries have since resumed, they are of a “truncated” version, pending the readiness of the full combat-capable software, which may not be fully resolved until 2026.
Air Force officials have framed the slower procurement rates in the 2010s as a deliberate strategy. The decision was made to wait for the more capable Block 4 version of the F-35, thereby avoiding the immense cost and logistical complexity of retrofitting hundreds of earlier models. The report warns that older F-35s equipped with TR-2 “will fall behind,” and this capability gap will eventually “drive eventual replacement of those aircraft due to low utility for the USAF, compared to newer-block fighter aircraft.” This long-term view prioritizes a future fleet of highly advanced, standardized aircraft over a larger but technologically fragmented force.
The Air Force stated that the projected F-35 fleet size figures “do not represent procurement targets but are the desired overall USAF possessed inventory on the ramp.”
A Changing of the Guard: Legacy Retirements and the Rise of the Eagle II
The temporary decline in the overall fighter count is largely driven by the aggressive retirement of legacy aircraft. The most prominent casualty is the A-10 Thunderbolt II. The Air Force plans to divest its entire remaining fleet of 162 A-10s by the end of fiscal year 2026 or 2027, a significant acceleration from previous timelines that saw it serving until the end of the decade. This move is intended to free up critical funding and personnel for next-generation systems better suited for contested environments where the A-10’s lack of stealth would severely limit its survivability.
The F-15 fleet is also undergoing a major transformation. The venerable F-15C/D Eagle fleet will be cut in half, shrinking from 42 aircraft in 2026 to just 21 by 2029, with the remaining jets relegated to a homeland defense role. The F-15E Strike Eagle will see an even sharper reduction, with its inventory falling from 133 aircraft in 2026 to 78 in 2028. These retirements make way for its successor, the F-15EX Eagle II. The F-15EX fleet is set to grow substantially, expanding from 27 aircraft in 2026 to 111 by 2030, with budget proposals aiming to increase the total planned fleet size even further.
Meanwhile, other key fleets are being managed to bridge the gap to the future force. The F-22 Raptor, the Air Force’s premier air superiority fighter, will see its 32 oldest, non-combat-coded models retired, maintaining a core, modernized fleet of 134 aircraft through the 2030s. The versatile F-16 Fighting Falcon fleet is projected to remain stable at 488 aircraft through 2030, serving as the workhorse of the fighter force during this transitional period. The roadmap also notes that uncrewed Collaborative Combat Aircraft (CCAs) are not included in these counts and will be “additive” to the inventory once they are introduced, promising a future force structure that blends crewed and uncrewed platforms.
Conclusion: A Strategic Pause for a Stronger Future
The U.S. Air Force’s fighter roadmap outlines a period of deliberate and strategic realignment. The short-term dip in total fighter numbers and the slowed intake of F-35s are not signs of a program in crisis, but rather calculated decisions driven by technological hurdles and a long-term vision. By accelerating the retirement of legacy platforms like the A-10 and older F-15s, the service is freeing up resources to invest in a more survivable and capable future force, centered around the advanced Block 4 F-35, the F-15EX, and the next-generation F-47 fighter.
Achieving the ambitious goal of 1,558 fighters by 2035 will require sustained investment and successfully navigating the technical challenges of programs like TR-3. The future air combat landscape will likely involve a sophisticated mix of 5th and 6th-generation crewed aircraft operating alongside autonomous Collaborative Combat Aircraft. This transitional phase, while marked by a temporary reduction in fleet size, is a critical step in building a more resilient and technologically superior Air Force capable of meeting the security challenges of the coming decades.
FAQ
Question: Why is the U.S. Air Force reducing its total number of fighter jets?
Answer: The reduction is a temporary and strategic measure. The USAF is retiring older, less survivable aircraft like the A-10 and some F-15 models more quickly than it is acquiring new ones like the F-35. This is to free up funds and resources for modernization and to build a more advanced fleet in the long run. The total number is projected to start increasing after 2028.
Question: What is causing the slowdown in F-35 deliveries?
Answer: The primary cause is a delay in the Technology Refresh 3 (TR-3) upgrade. TR-3 provides the necessary computing power for the F-35’s advanced Block 4 capabilities. Due to software development problems with TR-3, the Pentagon has slowed its acceptance of new jets to avoid costly retrofits later.
Question: What is the long-term goal for the USAF fighter fleet?
Answer: The U.S. Air Force aims to grow its fighter force to 1,558 jets by the year 2035. This goal would require maximizing F-35 production and increasing F-15EX acquisitions, contingent on significant funding increases.
Sources
Photo Credit: Wright-Patterson AFB
Defense & Military
Embraer Completes 70-Day Global Tour for KC-390 Millennium Aircraft
Embraer’s KC-390 Millennium completed a 70-day global tour across 11 countries, demonstrating operational versatility and securing multiple international contracts.

This article is based on an official press release from Embraer.
Embraer Concludes 70-Day Global Demonstration Tour for KC-390 Millennium
On April 20, 2026, Brazilian aerospace manufacturer Embraer announced the successful conclusion of an extensive global demonstration tour for its KC-390 Millennium military aircraft. According to the official press release, the campaign spanned over 70 days and was designed to showcase the aircraft’s maturity, versatility, and reliability to prospective military buyers around the world.
The tour commenced in late January 2026 at the Singapore Airshow and officially wrapped up in April 2026 at the FIDAE (Feria Internacional del Aire y del Espacio) defense exhibition in Chile. Following the exhibition, the aircraft returned to Embraer’s Defense headquarters in Gavião Peixoto, São Paulo, Brazil. We note that this global showcase arrives at a time of significant momentum for Embraer’s defense sector, which has been actively securing contracts across European and Asian markets.
Throughout the campaign, the KC-390 Millennium was subjected to rigorous testing in diverse climates and operational scenarios. Embraer utilized this tour not only as a technical proving ground but also as a strategic marketing initiative to demonstrate the jet-powered transport’s capabilities as a modern alternative to legacy turboprop aircraft.
Rigorous Testing Across 11 Countries
Flight Metrics and Extreme Conditions
The scope of the demonstration tour was massive. Embraer reported that the KC-390 flew more than 47,000 nautical miles and completed 54 flights, accumulating approximately 140 flight hours. The aircraft operated across 11 different countries, making strategic stops in nations including Singapore, Poland, Sweden, the United States, and Chile.
To prove its operational resilience, the aircraft was tested in a wide spectrum of extreme climates. According to the company’s release, the KC-390 performed in environments ranging from the severe cold of the Arctic to the hot and humid conditions typical of the Asian continent.
“Embraer reported a 100% mission accomplishment rate during the campaign,” highlighting the platform’s reliability across 54 flights in extreme climates.
Cargo and Operational Capabilities
During the 70-day tour, Embraer demonstrated a broad spectrum of the aircraft’s cargo aircraft operations. The press release detailed that the KC-390 successfully executed the loading and transport of shipping containers, medical modules, light and heavy vehicles, and palletized loads. These demonstrations were aimed at proving the aircraft’s multi-mission readiness to international defense delegations.
Technical Profile of the KC-390 Millennium
Performance and Versatility
The KC-390 Millennium,also marketed as the C-390 for variants without air-to-air refueling capabilities,is a medium-weight, twin-engine, jet-powered military tactical transport aircraft. According to Embraer’s technical specifications, the aircraft is powered by two International Aero Engines (IAE) V2500-E5 turbofans, allowing it to cruise at Mach 0.8 (470 knots). It boasts a maximum payload capacity of 26 metric tons (57,320 lbs).
The platform is engineered for multi-mission operations. Embraer notes that its capabilities include troop and cargo transport, airdrops, aeromedical evacuation (MEDEVAC), search and rescue (SAR), aerial firefighting, and air-to-air refueling.
Austere Environment Operations
A primary selling point highlighted by Embraer is the aircraft’s rugged design, which permits operations from short, unpaved, or damaged runways, including packed earth, soil, and gravel. The high-mounted engines are specifically designed to prevent the ingestion of ground debris during austere operations.
Since entering service with the Brazilian Air Force in 2019, the active global fleet has established a strong operational track record. Embraer data indicates the fleet has demonstrated a mission capability rate of 93% and a mission completion rate exceeding 99%.
Expanding Global Footprint and Market Context
NATO and European Integration
The global tour is a central component of Embraer’s aggressive strategy to capture a larger share of the global military airlift market. To date, the KC-390/C-390 has been selected by 11 Air Forces worldwide, including eight European nations and seven NATO members. The aircraft is already operational in Portugal (since 2023) and Hungary (since 2024).
Recent selections by the Netherlands, Austria, the Czech Republic, and Sweden further cement its European presence. Furthermore, Embraer is actively pitching the aircraft to Poland to replace aging fleets. In March 2026, Embraer signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to establish a local maintenance and repair (MRO) hub in Bydgoszcz, Poland, signaling deep long-term investment in the region.
Breakthroughs in Asia and Central Asia
The tour’s starting point at the February 2026 Singapore Air-Shows coincided with major announcements for the Asian market. Embraer revealed that the Republic of Korea’s first KC-390 had reached final assembly, marking the platform’s inaugural entry into Asia. Simultaneously, the company announced Uzbekistan as a new customer, representing its first sale in Central Asia.
These defense Contracts are contributing to broader corporate momentum. In the first quarter of 2026, Embraer reported strong delivery numbers across its commercial, executive, and defense portfolios, beginning the year with a record-breaking $31.6 billion order backlog.
AirPro News analysis
We observe that Embraer is successfully executing a “David vs. Goliath” strategy within the defense sector. By positioning the KC-390 Millennium as a faster, jet-powered alternative with a heavier payload capacity, the Brazilian manufacturer is actively disrupting a tactical airlift market that has been dominated for decades by the Lockheed Martin C-130 Hercules. The transition of several legacy turboprop operators to the KC-390 underscores a shifting preference toward jet-powered tactical logistics.
Furthermore, the itinerary of the 2026 global demonstration tour appears highly strategic rather than purely logistical. By initiating the tour in Singapore, transitioning through key NATO modernization hubs like Poland and Sweden, and concluding in Chile, Embraer’s flight path perfectly mirrored its current geopolitical sales strategy. Achieving a 100% mission accomplishment rate over 54 flights in such a compressed timeframe serves as a critical proof-of-concept to hesitant buyers that the platform is mature and ready for immediate, rigorous deployment.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What is the KC-390 Millennium?
The KC-390 Millennium is a medium-weight, twin-engine, jet-powered military tactical transport aircraft manufactured by Brazilian aerospace company Embraer. It is designed for multi-mission operations including cargo transport, aeromedical evacuation, and air-to-air refueling.
How many countries did the KC-390 visit during its 2026 global tour?
According to Embraer, the aircraft visited 11 countries over the course of the 70-day tour, including Singapore, Poland, Sweden, the United States, and Chile.
What is the maximum payload of the KC-390?
Embraer’s technical specifications state that the KC-390 has a maximum payload capacity of 26 metric tons (57,320 lbs).
How many Air Forces have selected the KC-390?
As of early 2026, the KC-390/C-390 has been selected by 11 Air Forces worldwide, including seven NATO member states.
Sources
Sources: Embraer Press Release
Photo Credit: Embraer
Defense & Military
South Korea Air Force Apologizes for 2021 Fighter Jet Collision
South Korea’s Air Force apologizes after a 2021 mid-air collision caused by unauthorized pilot maneuvers for selfies, resulting in $600K damages.

This article summarizes reporting by Reuters.
The Republic of Korea Air-Forces (ROKAF) has issued a formal public apology following revelations that a 2021 mid-air collision between two fighter jets was caused by pilots attempting to take in-flight selfies. According to reporting by Reuters, the incident resulted in significant aircraft damage but fortunately yielded no casualties.
The apology, delivered on April 23, 2026, comes on the heels of a state audit report detailing the exact causes of the crash. Investigators found that unauthorized maneuvers, conducted for the sake of commemorative photography, led directly to the collision of two F-15K fighter jets near Daegu, South Korea.
This highly unusual breach of cockpit discipline has prompted a reevaluation of military aviation protocols. As detailed by the State Board of Audit and Inspection (BAI), the incident highlights the severe risks of non-operational distractions in high-performance flight environments, leading to both individual disciplinary action and institutional policy overhauls.
The 2021 Collision and Its Causes
Unauthorized Maneuvers in the Cockpit
The collision occurred in December 2021 during a routine formation flight. Based on the BAI report summarized by Reuters, the incident was triggered when a wingman pilot sought to capture images commemorating his final flight with the unit.
To achieve a better camera angle while another pilot filmed from the lead aircraft, the wingman executed a sharp climb and banked the jet without obtaining the necessary clearance. As the two F-15K aircraft converged, both crews attempted evasive maneuvers. Despite these efforts, the wingman’s tail ultimately struck the wing of the lead jet.
Damages and Casualties
The mid-air collision did not result in any injuries to the personnel involved. However, the financial toll was substantial. Reuters and syndicated reports indicate the crash caused approximately 880 million South Korean won, or roughly $600,000 USD, in damages to the military-aircraft.
Audit Findings and Accountability
Financial Liability and Mitigating Factors
On April 22, 2026, the state Board of Audit and Inspection released its official findings, assigning primary responsibility to the wingman pilot while also pointing to systemic institutional failures. The board ordered the pilot to pay restitution but significantly reduced his financial burden.
According to the audit findings cited by Reuters, the pilot’s financial liability was reduced by 90%. He was ordered to repay approximately 10% of the repair costs, amounting to roughly 87.8 million won ($62,000 USD). The board justified this reduction by citing the Air Force’s “lax controls” regarding in-flight filming at the time of the incident, effectively assigning a large portion of the blame to the military branch itself.
Disciplinary Action and Career Transition
Following the 2021 collision, the pilot faced immediate suspension from flying duties and severe disciplinary measures. Local media reports note that the individual has since separated from the military and transitioned to a career flying for a commercial airline.
Official Response and Future Protocols
Air Force Apology
In response to the public release of the audit, the South Korean Air Force held a press briefing on April 23, 2026. During the briefing, military officials addressed the lapses in discipline and oversight.
“We sincerely apologise to the public for the concern caused by the accident that occurred in 2021.”
Implementing Stricter Safety Rules
Acknowledging the institutional weaknesses highlighted by the BAI, the Air Force announced immediate steps to overhaul its flight safety regulations. According to the official response, the military branch is tightening rules around personal devices, improving monitoring systems, and reinforcing training standards to ensure non-operational distractions do not compromise future missions.
AirPro News analysis
We view this incident as a stark reminder of the evolving challenges in modern aviation safety. The integration of ubiquitous smartphone culture into high-stakes environments like a fighter jet cockpit presents a unique hazard. In military aviation, where aircraft operate at extreme speeds and in close proximity, even a momentary lapse in situational awareness can yield catastrophic results.
Furthermore, the decision by the South Korean audit board to hold both the individual and the institution financially accountable sets a notable precedent. By enforcing a $62,000 USD penalty on the pilot while absorbing the remaining 90% of the costs, the state is signaling that military branches must actively enforce their operational protocols, rather than relying solely on the assumed discipline of their personnel.
Frequently Asked Questions
When did the South Korean fighter jet collision occur?
The mid-air collision took place in December 2021 during a formation flight near Daegu, South Korea.
What caused the 2021 F-15K collision?
A state audit revealed the crash was caused by a wingman pilot performing unauthorized maneuvers to get a better angle for in-flight commemorative photos and videos.
Were there any injuries in the crash?
No injuries were reported, though the aircraft sustained roughly $600,000 USD (880 million won) in damages.
What penalty did the pilot face?
The pilot was suspended, faced disciplinary action, and was ordered to pay approximately $62,000 USD, which represents 10% of the total repair costs.
Sources
Photo Credit: Boeing
Defense & Military
Peru Chooses Lockheed Martin F-16 Block 70 to Modernize Air Force
Peru selects 12 Lockheed Martin F-16 Block 70 jets to replace aging fighters, strengthening defense ties with the US and enhancing military capabilities.

This article is based on an official press release from Lockheed Martin.
On April 23, 2026, Lockheed Martin officially announced that the Government of Peru has selected the F-16 Block 70 to modernize its combat fighter fleet. The initial agreement covers the acquisition of 12 new aircraft, marking a significant milestone in defense relations between the United States and Peru. According to the official press release, this procurement aims to strengthen Peru’s national defense and sovereignty.
Despite recent domestic political turbulence surrounding the financial commitments of the deal, the agreement has officially moved forward. Industry reports confirm that an initial payment of $462 million was made on April 22, 2026, locking in the acquisitions as part of a broader Foreign Military Sale (FMS) package.
With this selection, Peru becomes the 30th nation globally to operate the F-16, joining an active worldwide fleet of more than 2,800 aircraft. The jets will be manufactured at Lockheed Martin’s production facility in Greenville, South Carolina, bringing advanced aerospace manufacturing to the forefront of U.S.-Peru defense cooperation.
Modernizing the Peruvian Air Force
Replacing Aging Fleets
The Peruvian Air Force (Fuerza Aérea del Perú, or FAP) has spent over a decade seeking a suitable replacement for its aging combat aircraft. The new F-16s will phase out Peru’s legacy mix of Soviet-designed MiG-29s and French-made Mirage 2000s, which were originally acquired in the 1980s and 1990s. According to industry research, the Lockheed Martin F-16 Block 70 narrowly won a competitive bidding process initiated in 2024, beating out strong European contenders including Sweden’s Saab JAS 39 Gripen E/F and France’s Dassault Rafale F4. While the finalized deal covers 12 aircraft, reports indicate the Peruvian government’s long-term objective is to acquire a total of 24 multirole fighters.
Advanced Block 70 Capabilities
The Block 70 represents the most advanced fourth-generation F-16 ever produced. According to Lockheed Martin, the aircraft features Northrop Grumman’s SABR APG-83 Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar, which shares 95% software and 70% hardware commonality with fifth-generation F-35 radars. The jets also include Lockheed Martin’s Automatic Ground Collision Avoidance System (Auto GCAS) and boast an extended structural life of 12,000 hours, equating to over 40 years of service.
“Peru’s choice of the F-16 underscores the aircraft’s unmatched operational performance and combat record, as well as its ability to meet the most pressing defense requirements. We are proud that the most advanced F-16 ever produced will help protect Peru’s national sovereignty while strengthening the enduring partnership between our nations.”
Domestic Political Turbulence
Down to the Wire
The finalization of this historic defense procurement was nearly derailed by domestic political instability. The $462 million initial payment represents roughly 13.5% of a broader $3.42 billion FMS package authorized by the U.S. State Department. Interim President Jose Balcazar, who is scheduled to leave office in July 2026, abruptly canceled a signing ceremony on April 17, reportedly citing concerns about burdening the incoming administration with massive financial obligations.
Ministerial Resignations
This hesitation triggered an immediate political crisis, leading to the resignations of Defense Minister Carlos Diaz and Foreign Minister Hugo de Zela on April 22. In his resignation letter, Diaz cited a “fundamental disagreement” with the president’s handling of national security. Following intense diplomatic pressure, Balcazar clarified his stance in a televised address, confirming the agreement would proceed and noting that the bulk of the financial payments would fall to the next administration.
“We remain firm in respecting all agreements that may have been reached at the level of the armed forces… to carry out the corresponding negotiations.”
Strategic and Geopolitical Implications
Strengthening U.S.-Peru Ties
The successful finalization of the F-16 deal is viewed as a major diplomatic victory for the United States. U.S. Ambassador to Peru Bernie Navarro confirmed the deal had entered an “irreversible phase” following the initial payment, emphasizing the strategic importance of the partnerships.
“The F-16 Block 70 is one of the most technically advanced and complex fighter aircraft ever built… This is how the United States shows up for its partners: creative solutions, shared purpose, stronger outcomes, for Peru, for our partnership, and for the security of the Western Hemisphere.”
AirPro News analysis
We view this Market-analysis as a critical component of a broader geopolitical chess game in South America. The United States is actively working to shore up its defense ties and influence in the Western Hemisphere, particularly in Peru, a major global copper producer where China has increasingly established itself as a key economic and strategic partner. By securing this deal, Washington not only modernizes an allied air force but also cements a long-term logistical and training relationship with Lima. Furthermore, reports indicating that Washington has offered Peru designation as a Major Non-NATO Ally (MNNA) suggest a significant elevation in bilateral relations, potentially unlocking preferred access to U.S. defense financing and advanced systems in the future. Lockheed Martin’s proposed industrial collaboration projects will also likely play a vital role in developing Peru’s domestic aerospace workforce.
Frequently Asked Questions
When will Peru receive its new F-16s?
The first aircraft are projected to arrive in Peru between 2029 and 2030, with full operational capability expected in the early 2030s.
Where will the aircraft be built?
The 12 F-16 Block 70 jets will be manufactured at Lockheed Martin’s production facility in Greenville, South Carolina.
What aircraft are the F-16s replacing?
The new jets will replace the Peruvian Air Force’s aging fleet of Soviet-designed MiG-29s and French-made Mirage 2000s.
Sources
Photo Credit: Lockheed Martin
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