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Merlin Achieves SOI 2 Milestone with New Zealand Aviation Authority

Merlin progresses in certifying its AI autonomous flight system by reaching SOI 2 with New Zealand’s aviation authority, advancing global approval.

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Merlin’s Autonomous Flight Tech Clears Major Hurdle on Path to Certification

In the world of aviation, safety and reliability are paramount. The process of introducing new technology, especially something as groundbreaking as artificial intelligence-powered autonomous flight, is rightly subjected to intense scrutiny. This is the world Boston-based Merlin operates in, developing autonomous flight technology for both commercial and military aircraft. The company’s flagship product, the Merlin Pilot, is an AI-driven system designed to handle an aircraft from takeoff to touchdown. This isn’t just a far-off concept; it’s a technology actively moving through the rigorous certification process required to make it a reality in our skies.

Recently, Merlin announced a significant step forward in this journey. The company has achieved Stage of Involvement (SOI) 2 with the Civil Aviation Authority of New Zealand (CAA NZ). This milestone is part of a meticulous, multi-stage audit process known as DO-178, which is the global standard for certifying airborne software. Reaching SOI 2 signifies that the regulators are deeply engaged in reviewing the software’s development, providing a critical vote of confidence in Merlin’s approach. This isn’t just a procedural checkbox; it’s a clear signal that the path to certifying AI in aviation is becoming more defined.

The significance of this achievement extends beyond Merlin itself. As the aviation industry grapples with pilot shortages and looks for ways to enhance safety and efficiency, autonomous systems are seen as a key part of the future. Merlin’s progress with regulators in New Zealand, which is being conducted in parallel with the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), could help establish a clear and trusted framework for certifying these advanced systems globally. It’s a methodical, step-by-step process designed to build trust and ensure that the future of flight is as safe as its past.

The Nitty-Gritty of Certification: What is SOI 2?

The certification of flight-critical software is a marathon, not a sprint. The DO-178 standard is broken down into several Stages of Involvement, or SOIs, to allow regulators to oversee the development process from start to finish. Merlin’s journey began with achieving SOI 1 in May 2023, which involved the CAA NZ’s acceptance of the company’s detailed planning documents. This initial stage is all about laying the groundwork, defining how the software will be designed, built, and tested to meet the highest safety standards.

Achieving SOI 2 is a much more substantial milestone. At this stage, approximately half of the software data for the Flight Control Computer (FCC) has been formally reviewed by the regulatory body. This means the CAA NZ has moved beyond reviewing plans and is now examining the actual execution of those plans. They are looking at the code, the tests, and the documentation to ensure everything aligns with the agreed-upon safety-critical standards. It’s a demonstration of transparency and proves that Merlin is adhering to the disciplined engineering practices required for such a critical system.

This concurrent validation with the FAA is also a crucial part of the strategy. Under the Bilateral Aviation Safety Agreement between the U.S. and New Zealand, the progress made with the CAA NZ directly informs the FAA’s own certification process. This dual-track approach is efficient and suggests a clear pathway to market in two key aviation jurisdictions. The aircraft at the center of this certification program is Merlin’s Cessna Grand Caravan 208B, a versatile and widely used aircraft, making the potential impact of this Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) significant.

“SOI 2 reflects the disciplined engineering and certification practices our team has put in place. Each stage of this process deepens regulator confidence, reduces program risk, and advances the Merlin Pilot toward certification and real-world operations.”

— Tim Burns, Chief Technology Officer at Merlin

Building Momentum: Military Contracts and Public Offerings

While the civil certification process is a major focus, Merlin has also been making significant inroads in the defense sector. The company has secured over $100 million in contracts from military customers, a testament to the robustness and potential of its autonomous flight technology. These partnerships, including one with industry giant Northrop Grumman, allow Merlin to develop and refine its systems in demanding, real-world environments. This dual-use strategy is smart, as advancements in the defense sector often pave the way for innovations in civil aviation.

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Further signaling its growth trajectory, Merlin recently announced its intention to go public. The company plans to merge with Inflection Point Acquisition Corp. IV, a special purpose acquisition company (SPAC). This move is designed to provide the capital necessary to scale its operations, continue its research and development, and push the Merlin Pilot through the final stages of certification and into commercial service. Going public is a significant step for any company, and for Merlin, it reflects a strong belief in its technology and its market potential.

The company is also expanding its physical footprint and operational capabilities. Merlin has established Hanscom Field in Massachusetts as its new flight test center, with operations slated to begin in early 2027. This facility will be crucial for the flight test campaign of its certification-ready Cessna Caravan. Additionally, a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) with the United States Air Force (USAF) aims to advance autonomous capabilities to improve mission resilience in contested environments. These developments paint a picture of a company that is not just focused on a single milestone but is building a comprehensive ecosystem to support its long-term vision.

The Broader Skies: Implications for the Future of Aviation

Merlin’s steady progress is more than just a corporate success story; it’s a bellwether for the entire aviation industry. The successful collaboration between a technology developer and a civil aviation authority on a system as complex as an AI-powered pilot sets a valuable precedent. It demonstrates that a pathway exists for the safe integration of autonomy into the national airspace. As regulators become more familiar and comfortable with these systems through processes like the SOI audits, the door opens for wider adoption.

The potential benefits of this technology are vast. For the cargo and logistics industry, autonomous flight could lead to more efficient and cost-effective operations. In passenger transport, it could enhance safety by reducing human error and assisting pilots in complex situations. Furthermore, as the industry faces a global pilot shortage, autonomous systems could help bridge the gap, ensuring that air travel remains a reliable and accessible mode of transportation. The journey is long, and there are still hurdles to overcome, but milestones like Merlin’s SOI 2 achievement are critical steps in the right direction, moving autonomous flight from the realm of science fiction to a tangible reality.

FAQ

Question: What is the Merlin Pilot?
Answer: The Merlin Pilot is an AI-powered software system developed by Merlin that enables takeoff-to-touchdown autonomy for aircraft.

Question: What does Stage of Involvement (SOI) 2 mean?
Answer: SOI 2 is a key milestone in the DO-178 certification process for airborne software. It means that approximately 50% of the software data has been formally reviewed by the aviation authority, in this case, the Civil Aviation Authority of New Zealand (CAA NZ).

Question: Which aircraft is Merlin using for certification?
Answer: Merlin is conducting its certification program on a Cessna Grand Caravan 208B.

Question: Is Merlin working with the FAA?
Answer: Yes, the certification pathway with the CAA NZ is being run concurrently for validation with the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) under a bilateral agreement.

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Photo Credit: Merlin

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H55 Completes First EASA Battery Certification Tests in Aviation

H55 successfully passes all EASA-required propulsion battery certification tests, advancing electric aviation safety and production readiness.

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This article is based on an official press release from H55.

H55 Completes Aviation Industry’s First EASA-Required Battery Certification Tests

H55, the Swiss electric aviation company spun off from the Solar Impulse project, announced it has successfully completed the full sequence of propulsion battery module certification tests required by the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). The milestone, achieved on December 19, 2025, marks a significant step forward for the sector, addressing the critical safety challenge of thermal runaway containment in high-energy lithium-ion batteries.

According to the company, this is the first time in the aviation industry that a propulsion battery module has passed these rigorous, authority-witnessed tests using serial-conforming hardware. The successful campaign clears the path for H55 to submit final test reports to EASA in the first quarter of 2026, with commercial entry-into-service projected for early 2027.

Solving the Thermal Runaway Challenge

The primary hurdle for certifying electric-aviation has long been the safety of high-energy density batteries. Regulators require proof that if a single cell catches fire (a process known as thermal runaway), the failure will not propagate to neighboring cells or cause a catastrophic explosion. H55 reports that its “Adagio” battery module successfully demonstrated this containment capability under EASA supervision.

Instead of relying on heavy containment boxes, which add prohibitive weight to airframes, H55 utilizes a patented encapsulation technology. This system manages each cell individually, directing released energy and hot gases out of the module through a specific venting path. This approach prevents heat from triggering adjacent cells, effectively neutralizing the risk of propagation.

“Electric aviation has faced a single, unresolved bottleneck: proving to regulators that high-energy propulsion batteries can safely contain worst-case failures. Rather than attempting to contain a thermal runaway by shielding… H55 opts for a different approach, preventing fire propagation at the cell level.”

, André Borschberg, Co-Founder of H55

Technical Specifications and Production Readiness

The tests were conducted on H55’s Adagio battery modules, which utilize commercial 21700 lithium-ion cells, a standard cylindrical format adapted for aviation safety. The company states the modules achieve an energy density of approximately 200 Wh/kg. Crucially, the tests utilized production-grade units rather than experimental prototypes, signaling that H55’s manufacturing lines in Sion, Switzerland, are ready for mass production.

In addition to the physical battery architecture, the system includes a redundant Battery Management System (BMS) capable of monitoring the voltage, temperature, and health of every single cell in real-time.

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AirPro News analysis

While major eVTOL developers like Joby Aviation and Beta Technologies have made significant progress with flight testing, much of the industry has operated under experimental permits or is currently navigating the earlier stages of certification. H55’s completion of the specific battery module test sequence positions it as a critical supplier for airframers who prefer to integrate certified components rather than developing proprietary battery systems. Furthermore, the move from theoretical safety models to empirical, regulator-witnessed data is expected to assist insurers in transitioning from estimated risk models to actuarial data, potentially lowering premiums for electric fleets.

Regulatory Pathway and North American Expansion

H55 holds both Design Organization Approval (DOA) and Production Organization Approval (POA) from EASA. The company is currently working with a joint Certification Management Team involving EASA and the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Under mutual recognition agreements, the data generated from the EASA tests is intended to support “fast-track” approval for operations in North America.

To demonstrate the technology’s reliability to the North American market, H55 has announced an “Across America” tour for 2025. The company will fly its Bristell B23 Energic, a two-seater electric trainer aircraft equipped with the Adagio system, across the United States to engage with flight schools and operators.

H55 is also establishing a new production facility in Montreal, Canada, to serve customers in the region.

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Sources: PR Newswire / H55

Photo Credit: H55

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Horizon Aircraft Selects RAMPF for Cavorite X7 Fuselage Production

Horizon Aircraft chooses RAMPF Composite Solutions to manufacture the fuselage of the Cavorite X7 hybrid-electric eVTOL, targeting prototype assembly in 2026.

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This article is based on an official press release from Horizon Aircraft.

Horizon Aircraft Taps RAMPF Composite Solutions for Cavorite X7 Fuselage Manufacturing

Horizon Aircraft (NASDAQ: HOVR) has officially selected RAMPF Composite Solutions to manufacture the fuselage for its full-scale Cavorite X7 hybrid-electric eVTOL. Announced on January 29, 2026, this Partnerships marks a critical transition from design to physical production for the Canadian aerospace company.

The agreement tasks RAMPF with constructing the main body of the aircraft using advanced lightweight carbon fiber and fiberglass materials. According to the company’s statement, this collaboration is a prerequisite for meeting Horizon’s aggressive timeline: assembling the full-scale prototype in 2026 and commencing flight testing in early 2027.

Strategic Localization of the Supply Chain

A key factor in this selection appears to be geographic proximity. Both Horizon Aircraft and RAMPF Composite Solutions are based in Ontario, Canada, with RAMPF operating out of Burlington. Horizon CEO Brandon Robinson noted that this localization allows for tighter quality control and real-time engineering collaboration, which are often logistical bottlenecks in aerospace development.

RAMPF Composite Solutions, a subsidiary of the German-based RAMPF Group, specializes in manufacturing complex composite parts for the aerospace and defense sectors. Their scope of work involves creating a fuselage capable of withstanding high-impact forces and harsh environmental conditions while adhering to the strict weight limits required for electric flight.

“We are thrilled to partner with Horizon Aircraft on this revolutionary new aircraft. This opportunity allows us to demonstrate how our high-performance composite materials and Manufacturing processes can push the boundaries of engineering.”

Larry Fitzgerald, CEO of RAMPF Composite Solutions

Brandon Robinson, CEO of Horizon Aircraft, emphasized the importance of RAMPF’s track record in the industry:

“RAMPF’s aerospace manufacturing capabilities are industry-leading, and we are excited to see the fuselage of our Cavorite X7 coming to life.”

Brandon Robinson, CEO of Horizon Aircraft

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The Cavorite X7: Technical Context

The Cavorite X7 is designed to operate in the Regional Air Mobility (RAM) market rather than the intra-city air taxi market targeted by many competitors. The aircraft features a seven-seat configuration (one pilot and six passengers) and utilizes a hybrid-electric Propulsion system. This system employs a gasoline engine to generate electricity, which powers the flight fans and recharges the battery pack, effectively mitigating the range anxiety associated with pure electric platforms.

According to Horizon’s official specifications, the aircraft targets a range of approximately 800 kilometers (500 miles) and a top speed of 450 km/h (280 mph). The design utilizes a patented “Fan-in-Wing” system, where vertical lift fans are covered by sliding panels during forward flight, allowing the vehicle to fly efficiently like a traditional fixed-wing airplane.

AirPro News Analysis: Maturity of Design

The move to commission fuselage manufacturing is a significant indicator of technical maturity. In aerospace engineering, committing to hard tooling and physical production of the primary structure, the fuselage, typically signals that the outer mold line (OML) and internal structural architecture are “frozen.”

Furthermore, by securing a partner with defense and aerospace pedigree like RAMPF, Horizon is likely positioning itself to meet the rigorous Certification standards of Transport Canada and the FAA. The choice of a hybrid system also differentiates Horizon in a crowded market; while competitors struggle with battery density limits, the Cavorite X7’s hybrid architecture allows it to utilize existing aviation infrastructure immediately upon entry into service.

Financial and Operational Outlook

This manufacturing announcement follows a recent financial update from Horizon Aircraft on January 14, 2026. The company reported a cash position of over $24 million, which management states is sufficient to fund operations through 2026. Additionally, the company was recently awarded a grant of approximately $10.5 million from the Initiative for Sustainable Aviation Technology (INSAT) to support the development of all-weather flight systems.

With funding secured for the near term and the supply chain for major components now activating, Horizon appears on track to meet its goal of a flying full-scale prototype by early 2027.


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Photo Credit: Horizon Aircraft

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AutoFlight Completes Transition Flight for 5-Ton Matrix eVTOL

AutoFlight’s V5000 Matrix eVTOL completed a full transition flight, marking a milestone for heavy-lift electric aircraft with 10-passenger capacity.

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This article summarizes reporting by AeroTime.

AutoFlight Completes Transition Flight for 5-Ton “Matrix” eVTOL

AutoFlight has successfully completed a full transition flight with its V5000 “Matrix” aircraft, marking a significant milestone in the development of heavy-lift electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) technology. According to reporting by AeroTime, the demonstration took place at the company’s test center in Kunshan, China, around February 5, 2026.

The event represents a major technical breakthrough for the sector. While several manufacturers have achieved transition flights with smaller air taxis, the Matrix is reportedly the world’s first 5-ton class eVTOL to perform the complex maneuver. The flight profile involved a vertical takeoff, a transition to wing-borne horizontal flight, and a return to vertical mode for landing.

Breaking the Weight Barrier

The transition phase, switching from rotor-supported lift to wing-supported lift, is widely regarded as the most critical aerodynamic challenge for eVTOL aircraft. Successfully executing this phase with a heavy airframe validates the scalability of AutoFlight’s electric-aviation propulsion technology.

According to manufacturer specifications cited in the report, the V5000 “Matrix” is significantly larger than the 4-to-5-seat air taxis currently being developed by Western competitors like Joby Aviation and Archer Aviation. The aircraft features a maximum takeoff weight (MTOW) of approximately 5,700 kilograms (5.7 tons) and a wingspan of roughly 20 meters.

Technical Specifications

AutoFlight has designed the Matrix to serve both passenger and cargo-aircraft markets with a focus on regional connectivity rather than just intra-city hops. Key specifications include:

  • Capacity: Configurable for up to 10 passengers or 1,500 kilograms (1.5 tons) of cargo.
  • Propulsion: A “Lift-and-Cruise” configuration utilizing independent rotors for vertical flight and a pusher propeller for cruise.
  • Range: Projected at 250 kilometers for the all-electric version, with a hybrid variant targeting 800 to 1,500 kilometers.

Strategic Positioning in the AAM Market

The successful flight of the Matrix distinguishes AutoFlight in a crowded market. While U.S. and European firms are largely focused on the 1.5-to-2-ton class of aircraft intended for urban air mobility, AutoFlight is pursuing a “heavy-lift” strategy.

Industry data indicates that the larger capacity of the Matrix could allow for different economic models. By carrying 10 passengers instead of four, the aircraft may offer a lower cost-per-seat-mile, potentially making regional air travel more accessible. Additionally, the cargo variant targets heavy logistics and offshore supply chains, sectors that smaller eVTOLs cannot efficiently serve.

AutoFlight, founded by Tian Yu, operates R&D centers in Shanghai, Kunshan, and Augsburg, Germany. The company previously secured type Certification from the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) for its smaller “CarryAll” cargo drone in 2024.

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AirPro News Analysis

The Shift Toward Regional Mobility

AutoFlight’s achievement with the V5000 Matrix suggests a potential pivot in the Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) sector. Until now, the dominant narrative has focused on “air taxis” replacing cars for short city trips. However, the physics and economics of a 5-ton, 10-passenger aircraft point toward a “regional shuttle” model, replacing buses or trains for inter-city travel.

We observe that by targeting the heavy-lift segment, AutoFlight is effectively creating a new vehicle class that sits between a helicopter and a regional turboprop. If the company can certify this platform, it may bypass the intense competition for urban vertiport space that smaller competitors face, instead utilizing existing regional airports and industrial hubs.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a transition flight?
A transition flight is when an eVTOL aircraft switches from vertical flight (using rotors like a helicopter) to horizontal flight (using wings like an airplane). It is considered the most technically difficult phase of flight.

How does the Matrix compare to other eVTOLs?
Most leading competitors, such as Joby or Archer, are building aircraft in the 2-ton class with 4-5 seats. The AutoFlight Matrix is a 5-ton class aircraft designed for 10 passengers or heavy cargo.

When did this flight occur?
The demonstration was reported to have occurred around February 5, 2026.

Sources: AeroTime, AutoFlight

Photo Credit: Sergio Cecutta – SMG Consulting

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