Defense & Military
Turkey’s Hurjet Aims to Become NATO’s Next-Gen Training Aircraft
TAI’s advanced jet trainer targets NATO compatibility and cost-effectiveness, with Spain considering it to replace aging SF-5s. Certification expected by 2025.
As global defense dynamics evolve, the need for modern, cost-effective, and versatile aircraft has never been more pressing. Among the contenders vying to fill this niche is the Hurjet, an advanced jet trainer and light combat aircraft developed by Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI). Designed to meet both domestic and international military training needs, the Hurjet has rapidly gained attention across NATO and beyond.
Turkey’s ambition to position the Hurjet as NATO’s next-generation trainer reflects a broader strategy: to assert itself as a key defense technology provider within the alliance. With aging fleets like the Northrop T-38 Talon and BAE Hawk nearing obsolescence, NATO members are actively seeking replacements. The Hurjet, with its supersonic capabilities and dual-role design, presents a compelling alternative.
This article delves into the Hurjet’s development, capabilities, export potential, and the strategic implications of its adoption by NATO member states.
Launched in 2017 as a private venture by TAI, the Hurjet was envisioned as a next-generation solution to replace aging training aircraft. The goal was not only to meet domestic needs but also to create a globally competitive platform. The aircraft is powered by the General Electric F404 engine and features a digital cockpit, fly-by-wire controls, and advanced avionics suitable for both training and light combat missions.
The first prototype took flight in April 2023, followed by a second, combat-configured version in November the same year. By October 2024, Hurjet had broken the sound barrier, reaching speeds of Mach 1.2. These milestones marked significant progress toward full certification, expected by 2025.
Designed with modularity in mind, Hurjet can be adapted for various roles, including close air support and reconnaissance. Its versatility makes it suitable for countries seeking a multi-role platform without the financial burden of maintaining separate fleets.
“The Hurjet fills a critical niche in the market for advanced trainers. Its dual-role capability makes it appealing not just to NATO but also to emerging air forces in developing regions.”, Arda Mevlutoglu, Defense Analyst
The Hurjet boasts impressive specifications for its class. With a maximum speed of Mach 1.2 and a range of 2,222 km, it can handle both high-speed training and light combat operations. Its payload capacity of 3,000 kg allows it to carry a variety of weapons and sensors, enhancing its operational flexibility.
TAI aims to ramp up production to two aircraft per month once serial manufacturing begins. The Turkish Air Force has already placed an order for 12 aircraft, with discussions underway to expand this to 100 units. An additional 16 are currently in production, highlighting the program’s momentum. Carrier compatibility is another potential game-changer. TAI is developing a naval variant capable of operating from platforms like the TCG Anadolu. This would make Hurjet one of the few trainer aircraft globally with carrier landing capabilities, opening doors for naval aviation training within NATO.
One of Hurjet’s core selling points is its interoperability with NATO systems. Designed to meet alliance training standards, the aircraft can participate in joint exercises and support standardized training curricula across member states. This aligns with NATO’s broader goal of platform unification to streamline logistics, maintenance, and pilot exchange programs.
Spain has already shown concrete interest, identifying Hurjet as a possible replacement for its Northrop SF-5 trainers. Talks with Airbus are ongoing to tailor the aircraft to Spanish requirements. Additionally, the Spanish Air Chief, Gen. Francisco Braco Carbo, personally flew a Hurjet prototype, describing it as “well-positioned” for adoption.
TAI’s General Manager, Mehmet Demiroglu, emphasized the strategic vision: “Once the Turkish Air Force starts using it, and inshallah, Spain too, this platform could become the training platform of NATO countries.”
The global military trainer aircraft market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 4.5% through 2030. As countries seek to replace legacy platforms, Hurjet competes with established models like the Boeing-Saab T-7A Red Hawk, Leonardo M-346, and KAI T-50. However, its competitive pricing and dual-role capability give it a unique edge, particularly in cost-sensitive markets in Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia.
TAI’s showcase of Hurjet at international defense expos, including the Paris Air Show 2023, has generated substantial interest. Export negotiations are ongoing with several nations, and the aircraft’s NATO compatibility further enhances its appeal.
According to Haluk Gorgun, Chairman of TAI, “We envision Hurjet as the backbone of NATO’s future training programs, offering cutting-edge technology at a fraction of the cost of Western alternatives.”
Turkey’s position within NATO adds a strategic layer to the Hurjet’s potential adoption. As a long-standing member, Turkey’s ability to supply critical defense platforms could redefine its role from a consumer to a provider within the alliance. This shift aligns with Ankara’s broader efforts to reduce dependence on foreign defense technologies and enhance its geopolitical influence. Moreover, the development of platforms like Hurjet supports Turkey’s defense export ambitions, which have seen significant growth in recent years. Success in penetrating NATO markets would not only boost TAI’s profile but also affirm Turkey’s status as a key player in global aerospace.
However, adoption by NATO members will depend on rigorous testing, certification, and integration with existing systems. A NATO air training consultant remarked, “While the Hurjet shows promise, its adoption will depend on rigorous testing and integration with existing NATO systems. Cost-effectiveness will be a key factor.”
Despite its promise, the Hurjet faces challenges. Competing against established Western manufacturers requires not only technical excellence but also political and logistical alignment. Issues such as certification delays, supply chain dependencies, and interoperability concerns could pose hurdles.
On the other hand, the opportunity to offer a carrier-capable trainer is relatively untapped. If TAI successfully delivers this variant, it could carve out a niche in naval aviation training, particularly for NATO allies with maritime forces.
The broader implications also include fostering defense cooperation between Turkey and other NATO members. Joint ventures like the potential Airbus partnership in Spain could serve as models for future collaboration, enhancing political and industrial ties within the alliance.
The Hurjet represents more than just a new aircraft, it symbolizes Turkey’s growing ambitions in the global defense sector. With its dual-role design, NATO interoperability, and competitive pricing, the aircraft is well-positioned to become a cornerstone of next-generation pilot training programs.
As NATO modernizes its training infrastructure, the Hurjet offers a timely and strategic solution. Whether it becomes the alliance’s standard trainer will depend on continued performance validation, political alignment, and successful integration. Nonetheless, its emergence signals a shift in the defense landscape, one where new players like Turkey can drive innovation and reshape traditional procurement patterns.
What is the Hurjet? What makes Hurjet suitable for NATO? Which countries are interested in the Hurjet? Is there a naval version of the Hurjet? When will the Hurjet be operational? Sources: Turkish Aerospace Industries Official Website, Defense News, Market Research Future, Turkiye Today
Hurjet: Turkey’s Bid to Shape NATO’s Future Pilot Training
Development and Capabilities of the Hurjet
Origins and Design Philosophy
Technical Specifications and Performance
Integration with NATO Standards
Strategic and Market Implications
Positioning in the Global Market
Turkey’s Strategic Role in NATO
Challenges and Opportunities
Conclusion
FAQ
The Hurjet is an advanced jet trainer and light combat aircraft developed by Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI). It is designed for pilot training and light attack missions.
Hurjet is built to meet NATO training standards, with interoperability features that support joint missions and exercises. Its cost-effectiveness and dual-role capability make it attractive to multiple member states.
Spain has shown concrete interest, and discussions are ongoing with other countries in the Middle East, Africa, and South Asia.
Yes, TAI is developing a carrier-capable variant for operations on platforms like the TCG Anadolu, expanding its utility for naval aviation training.
The aircraft is expected to complete certification by 2025, with serial production already underway and initial deliveries planned for the Turkish Air Force.
Photo Credit: TheAviationist
Defense & Military
Firehawk Aerospace Expands Rocket Motor Production in Mississippi Facility
Firehawk Aerospace acquires a DCMA-rated facility in Mississippi to boost production of solid rocket motors using 3D-printing technology.
This article is based on an official press release from Firehawk Aerospace.
On December 19, 2025, Firehawk Aerospace announced a significant expansion of its manufacturing capabilities with the acquisition of a specialized defense facility in Crawford, Mississippi. The Dallas-based defense technology company has secured a 20-year lease on the 636-acre site, which was formerly operated by Nammo Talley.
This acquisition marks a strategic pivot for Firehawk as it moves to address critical shortages in the U.S. defense supply chain. By taking over a facility that is already rated by the Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA), the company aims to bypass the lengthy construction and certification timelines typically associated with greenfield defense projects. The site will serve as a hub for the full-system integration of solid rocket motors (SRMs), complementing the company’s existing R&D operations in Texas and energetics production in Oklahoma.
The Crawford facility is located in Lowndes County within Mississippi’s “Golden Triangle” region. According to the company’s announcement, the site is a “turnkey” defense asset designed specifically for handling high-grade explosives and munitions. The infrastructure includes assembly bays protected by one-foot-thick concrete walls and safety “blowout” walls designed to contain accidental detonations.
Because the facility was previously used by Nammo Defense Systems for the high-volume assembly of shoulder-launched munitions, such as the M72 LAW and SMAW systems, it retains the necessary regulatory certifications to allow for rapid operational ramp-up. Firehawk Aerospace CEO Will Edwards emphasized the urgency of this expansion in a statement regarding the deal.
“This acquisition strengthens Firehawk’s ability to address one of the nation’s most urgent defense challenges: rebuilding munition inventories that have been drawn down faster than they can be replaced.”
, Will Edwards, Co-founder and CEO of Firehawk Aerospace
The acquisition comes at a time when the Western defense industrial base is grappling with a severe shortage of solid rocket motors, which power critical systems like the Javelin, Stinger, and GMLRS missiles. Traditional manufacturing methods, which involve casting propellant in large batches that take weeks to cure, have created production bottlenecks.
Firehawk Aerospace intends to disrupt this model by utilizing proprietary 3D-printing technology to manufacture propellant grains. According to the press release, this additive manufacturing approach reduces production times from weeks to hours. The company has explicitly stated that the new Mississippi facility is being designed to achieve a production tempo of “thousands of rockets per month,” a significant increase over legacy industry standards. “While the current industrial base is built to produce thousands of rockets per year, we are building this site… to operate at a much higher production tempo… designing for throughput measured in thousands per month, not years.”
, Will Edwards, CEO
The expansion is expected to bring skilled jobs to the Golden Triangle region, which is increasingly becoming a hub for aerospace and defense activity. Mississippi Governor Tate Reeves welcomed the investments, noting the dual benefits of economic growth and national security support.
“Their acquisition in Crawford will bring skilled jobs to the region while directly contributing to the production capacity our nation needs.”
, Tate Reeves, Governor of Mississippi
From R&D to Mass Production: This acquisition signals Firehawk’s transition from a development-focused startup to a volume manufacturer. By securing a pre-rated facility, Firehawk has effectively shaved 2–3 years off its timeline, the period typically required to build and certify a new explosives handling site. This speed is critical given the current geopolitical demand for tactical munitions.
Supply Chain Decentralization: The move also highlights a strategy of decentralization. By distributing operations across Texas (R&D), Oklahoma (Energetics), and now Mississippi (Integration), Firehawk is building a supply chain that may prove more resilient than centralized legacy models. This geographic diversity also allows the company to tap into distinct labor markets and state-level incentives, such as Mississippi’s aerospace initiatives.
What is the significance of the DCMA rating? How does Firehawk’s technology differ from traditional methods? What was the facility used for previously?
Firehawk Aerospace Acquires Mississippi Facility to Scale Rocket Motor Production
Strategic Asset Details
Addressing the “Rocket Motor Crisis”
Regional Economic Impact
AirPro News Analysis
Frequently Asked Questions
A DCMA (Defense Contract Management Agency) rating verifies that a facility meets strict Department of Defense quality and safety standards. Acquiring a pre-rated facility allows Firehawk to begin production much faster than if they had to build and certify a new site from scratch.
Traditional solid rocket motors are cast in large batches, a process that requires weeks for the propellant to cure. Firehawk uses 3D-printing technology to print propellant grains, which allows for custom geometries and reduces the manufacturing time to mere hours.
The facility was formerly operated by Nammo Talley (now Nammo Defense Systems) for the assembly of shoulder-launched munitions, including the M72 LAW and SMAW systems.Sources
Photo Credit: Firehawk Aerospace
Defense & Military
20 Years of the F-22 Raptor Operational Capability and Upgrades
Lockheed Martin celebrates 20 years of the F-22 Raptor’s operational service, highlighting its stealth, combat roles, readiness challenges, and modernization.
Lockheed Martin has launched a campaign commemorating the 20th anniversary of the F-22 Raptor achieving Initial Operational Capability (IOC). In December 2005, the 27th Fighter Squadron at Langley Air Force Base in Virginia became the first unit to field the fifth-generation fighter, marking a significant shift in global air superiority.
According to the manufacturer’s announcement, the aircraft continues to define the benchmark for modern air combat. In a statement regarding the milestone, Lockheed Martin emphasized the platform’s enduring relevance:
“The F-22 Raptor sets the global standard for capability, readiness, and mission success.”
While the airframe was designed in the 1990s and first flew in 1997, the F-22 remains a central pillar of U.S. air power. The fleet, which consists of approximately 185 remaining aircraft out of the 195 originally built, has evolved from a pure air superiority fighter into a multi-role platform capable of ground strikes and strategic deterrence.
Since its operational debut, the F-22 has maintained a reputation for dominance, primarily established through high-end military aircraft exercises rather than direct air-to-air combat against manned aircraft.
Data from the U.S. Air Force and independent observers highlights the discrepancy between the Raptor’s exercise performance and its real-world combat engagements. During the 2006 Northern Edge exercise, its first major test after becoming operational, the F-22 reportedly achieved a 108-to-0 kill ratio against simulated adversaries flying F-15s, F-16s, and F/A-18s.
Despite this lethality in training, the aircraft’s combat record is distinct. The F-22 made its combat debut in September 2014 during Operation Inherent Resolve, conducting ground strikes against ISIS targets in Syria. To date, the aircraft has zero confirmed kills against manned enemy aircraft. Its sole air-to-air victory occurred in February 2023, when an F-22 utilized an AIM-9X Sidewinder missile to down a high-altitude Chinese surveillance balloon off the coast of South Carolina.
The primary driver of the F-22’s longevity is its low observable technology. Defense analysts estimate the Raptor’s Radar Cross Section (RCS) to be approximately 0.0001 square meters, roughly the size of a steel marble. This makes it significantly stealthier than the F-35 Lightning II and orders of magnitude harder to detect than foreign competitors like the Russian Su-57 or the Chinese J-20.
While Lockheed Martin’s anniversary campaign highlights “readiness” as a key pillar of the F-22’s legacy, recent Air Force data suggests a more complex reality regarding the fleet’s health. We note that maintaining the world’s premier stealth fighter comes at a steep logistical cost. According to data published by Air & Space Forces Magazine regarding Fiscal Year 2024, the F-22’s mission capable (MC) rate dropped to approximately 40%. This figure represents a decline from roughly 52% in the previous fiscal year and indicates that, at any given time, fewer than half of the Raptors in the inventory are flyable and combat-ready.
This low readiness rate is largely attributed to the fragility of the aircraft’s stealth coatings and the aging avionics of the older airframes. The Air Force has previously attempted to retire 32 older “Block 20” F-22s used for training to divert funds toward newer programs, though Congress has blocked these efforts to preserve fleet numbers. The contrast between the jet’s theoretical dominance and its logistical availability remains a critical challenge for planners.
Contrary to earlier projections that might have seen the F-22 retired in the 2030s, the Air Force is investing heavily to keep the platform viable until the Next Generation Air Dominance (NGAD) fighter comes online.
In 2021, the Air Force awarded Lockheed Martin a $10.9 billion contract for the Advanced Raptor Enhancement and Sustainment (ARES) program. This decade-long modernization effort aims to update the fleet’s hardware and software.
According to budget documents for Fiscal Year 2026, the “Viability” upgrade package includes several key enhancements:
These investments suggest that while the F-22 is celebrating its past 20 years, the Air Force intends to rely on its capabilities well into the next decade.
Sources: Lockheed Martin, U.S. Air Force
Two Decades of the Raptor: Celebrating the F-22’s Operational Milestone
Operational History and Combat Record
Exercise Performance vs. Combat Reality
Stealth Capabilities
AirPro News Analysis: The Readiness Paradox
Modernization and Future Outlook
The ARES Contract and Upgrades
Sources
Photo Credit: Lockheed Martin
Defense & Military
U.S. Navy Zero-G Helmet System Completes Critical Design Review
Collins Elbit Vision Systems completes design review for the Zero-G Helmet Display, reducing pilot weight load and enhancing safety for Navy aircraft.
This article is based on an official press release from Collins Elbit Vision Systems (RTX).
Collins Elbit Vision Systems (CEVS), a joint venture between RTX’s Collins Aerospace and Elbit Systems of America, has officially announced the completion of the Critical Design Review (CDR) for the Zero-G Helmet Mounted Display System+ (HMDS+). This milestone, finalized on December 12, 2025, marks a pivotal step in the U.S. Navy’s Improved Joint Helmet-Mounted Cueing System (IJHMCS) program.
The successful CDR effectively freezes the system’s design, confirming that the helmet meets the Navy’s rigorous requirements for safety, performance, and platform integration. With the design locked, the program now transitions into the airworthiness testing and integration phase, bringing the system closer to deployment aboard the F/A-18E/F Super Hornet and EA-18G Growler fleets.
According to the press release, the Zero-G HMDS+ is engineered to address long-standing physiological challenges faced by naval aviators while introducing “6th-generation” digital capabilities to existing 4.5-generation aircraft.
The Zero-G HMDS+ represents a significant departure from legacy analog systems. While previous iterations required pilots to physically attach heavy Night Vision Goggles (NVGs) for low-light operations, the new system integrates digital night vision directly into the visor. This integration streamlines cockpit operations and reduces the physical burden on the aircrew.
A primary driver for the Zero-G’s development is the reduction of head-borne weight. High-G maneuvers in fighter aircraft place immense strain on a pilot’s neck and spine, a hazard exacerbated by heavy, unbalanced legacy helmets. CEVS reports that the Zero-G system is more than 25 percent lighter than current market alternatives. Its name is derived from its optimized center of gravity, designed to minimize fatigue and long-term injury risks.
Capt. Joseph Kamara, the U.S. Navy Program Manager for Naval Aircrew Systems (PMA-202), emphasized the safety implications of the new design in a statement:
“Aircrew health and safety is our number one priority. The Zero-G being integrated through our IJHMCS program promises to relieve aircrew of neck and back strain and greatly improve ejection safety.”
Beyond ergonomics, the helmet utilizes a binocular waveguide display system. Unlike monocular reticles used in older models, this technology projects high-definition color symbology and video into both eyes, creating a fully immersive 3D view of the battlespace. The system is capable of “sensor fusion at the edge,” processing mission data and weapon information directly on the helmet to act as a primary flight instrument. Luke Savoie, President and CEO of Elbit Systems of America, highlighted the strategic necessity of this upgrade:
“Zero-G is providing sensor fusion at the edge… As fighter aircraft level-up, the HMDs of those systems need to as well.”
The Zero-G HMDS+ program has moved rapidly since CEVS was awarded a $16 million contract by the U.S. Navy in September 2023 for development and test support. Following the successful CDR in December 2025, the program is scheduled to undergo flight testing and Avionics integration throughout 2026 and 2027.
The U.S. Navy projects Initial Operational Capability (IOC) for the system in 2027. Once fielded, it is expected to equip aviators across the entire fleet of U.S. Navy and Royal Australian Air Force Super Hornets and Growlers, totaling more than 750 aircraft.
The completion of the CDR signals a critical maturity point for the Navy’s effort to modernize the human-machine interface in its tactical fleet. While much industry attention is focused on future platforms like NGAD (Next Generation Air Dominance), the Zero-G program illustrates the military’s commitment to maintaining the lethality and survivability of its existing backbone fleet.
By adapting technology originally matured for the F-35 Gen III helmet, CEVS is effectively retrofitting advanced situational awareness tools onto older airframes. This approach not only extends the combat relevance of the Super Hornet but also addresses the acute retention issue of pilot physical health. The shift to digital night vision and balanced weight distribution suggests that the Navy views pilot longevity as a critical component of fleet readiness.
Critical Design Review Completed for Navy’s Next-Gen Helmet
Technical Leap: The Zero-G HMDS+
Weight Reduction and Pilot Safety
Advanced Display Capabilities
Program Timeline and Deployment
AirPro News Analysis
Sources
Photo Credit: RTX
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