Regulations & Safety
FAA’s 2025 Part 135 Updates: Enhanced Safety & Compliance Rules
April 2025 brings new SMS mandates, TSA biometric screening, and operational changes for private aviation under updated FAA Part 135 regulations.
The Federal Aviation Administration’s April 2025 update to Part 135 operators marks a pivotal moment for private aviation safety and transparency. With 11,452 aircraft now registered under charter operator certificates – a 0.4% increase from March – these monthly updates serve as critical tools for travelers and industry professionals alike. The growing list reflects both expanding private aviation options and heightened regulatory scrutiny in post-pandemic travel markets.
For jet card users and charter clients, verifying operator credentials through the FAA’s published list has become essential due to recent crackdowns on illegal charters. The April update arrives as the industry prepares for major regulatory changes including new safety management systems and enhanced security protocols set to take effect in May 2025.
The April 2025 registry reveals several key trends: 1,821 active Part 135 operators now manage fleets averaging 6.3 aircraft each. Helicopters account for 18% of registered tails, while large-cabin jets represent 22% of the total. This distribution highlights the diverse service offerings in today’s charter market, from urban air mobility solutions to transcontinental luxury travel.
Notably, 147 aircraft were added to the list while 101 were removed, reflecting normal fleet turnover and stricter FAA compliance checks. The Excel-format list enables users to filter by aircraft model (Cessna Citation Latitude entries increased 7% year-over-year) or operator location (Texas-based certificates grew 3.2% since Q1 2025).
Aviation attorney Mark Dombroff notes: “This transparency push helps combat ‘gray charters’ – flights operating without proper certification. Clients can now cross-reference their operator’s N-number against the FAA’s master list before boarding.”
“SMS isn’t the bear to be afraid of. In fact, it can be a simple tool that helps organizations understand and mitigate risks.” – Doug Carr, NBAA Senior VP
Effective May 1, 2025, all Part 135 operators must implement Safety Management Systems (SMS) meeting FAA Advisory Circular 120-92B standards. This requirement brings charter operators in line with airline-level safety protocols, requiring formal risk assessment processes and safety performance monitoring.
Grandview Aviation’s Standards Captain Ben van Niekerk reports that early SMS adopters saw 34% fewer safety incidents in 2024 trials. However, smaller operators face implementation challenges – Aviation Safety Solutions CEO Amanda Ferraro estimates 60% of single-aircraft operators haven’t yet completed required documentation. The phased implementation allows operators with existing SMS programs to certify compliance by August 2025, while new entrants must meet all requirements immediately. FAA audits will begin June 2025, with potential fines up to $32,000 per violation day for non-compliance.
As operators scramble to meet the SMS deadline, parallel security upgrades add complexity. The TSA’s new screening protocols require biometric checks at 137 designated general aviation airports by 2026. A recent NBAA survey found 42% of FBOs need infrastructure upgrades to comply.
Starting Q3 2025, charter passengers on aircraft with 10+ seats must undergo TSA-approved screening. This includes explosive trace detection swabs and ID verification against government databases. While enhancing security, these measures add 25-40 minutes to boarding processes according to Jet Aviation’s operational trials.
The regulations create operational challenges for mixed-use fleets. As Flexjet’s COO noted: “Our 9-seat configuration Challenger 350s now see 18% more bookings than 10-seat versions – clients want to avoid airport security delays.”
The FAA’s proposed “135 Plus” regulations target operators of 10-30 seat aircraft, requiring airline-style crew rest periods and enhanced maintenance tracking. Draft rules suggest:
Industry pushback has delayed implementation to late 2026, but forward-thinking operators like Wheels Up have already begun upgrading crew scheduling systems.
“A mature SMS improves outcomes and makes us safer. I encourage operators to adopt Part 5 – it’s a proactive management tool.” – Ben van Niekerk, Grandview Aviation
The April 2025 regulatory updates mark a turning point for private aviation safety and transparency. With expanded SMS requirements and growing operator accountability, passengers gain assurance while operators face new operational complexities. The 1.6% month-over-month growth in certified aircraft suggests strong market confidence despite increased compliance costs.
Looking ahead, the convergence of “135 Plus” proposals and automated safety systems points to an era of airline-level oversight for charter operations. As biometric screening becomes standardized, the industry must balance security needs with the premium experience private flyers expect. These changes ultimately aim to sustain private aviation’s impressive safety record while accommodating projected 5.8% annual market growth through 2030.
What’s the difference between Part 91 and Part 135 operations? How can I verify if my charter operator is Part 135 certified? Will the new SMS rules increase charter costs? Sources:
Understanding the FAA’s April 2025 Part 135 Updates
Updated Operator List & Safety Implications
The New SMS Mandate for Charter Operators
Compliance Challenges & Future Regulations
Enhanced Security Measures
The Coming “135 Plus” Standards
Conclusion
FAQ
Part 91 covers general private flights, while Part 135 regulates paid charter operations with stricter maintenance and crew training requirements.
Check the FAA’s monthly published list using the operator name or aircraft tail number at faa.gov.
Industry analysts predict 3-5% cost increases as operators implement safety management systems and enhanced training programs.
FAA,
NBAA,
Private Jet Card Comparisons,
Eckert Seamans
Photo Credit: cnn
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Regulations & Safety
Stolen Cessna 172 Crashes into Hangar at Van Nuys Airport
A stolen Cessna 172 crashed into a hangar at Van Nuys Airport. Suspect arrested; FAA and FBI investigate security breach at busy general aviation airport.
This article summarizes reporting by NBC Los Angeles and Jonathan Lloyd.
A security breach at Van Nuys Airports (VNY) early Thursday morning resulted in the theft and subsequent crash of a single-engine aircraft. According to reporting by NBC Los Angeles, a suspect broke into a flight school facility and attempted to commandeer a Cessna 172 before crashing the plane into a nearby hangar building. Authorities have confirmed that the aircraft never successfully became airborne.
Law enforcement officials, including the Los Angeles Airport Police (LAXPD) and the FBI, responded immediately to the scene. The suspect was taken into custody without incident, and no injuries were reported on the ground or in the aircraft. The incident has prompted a federal investigation into the security protocols at one of the world’s busiest general aviation airports.
The incident began in the pre-dawn hours of December 18, 2025. According to a timeline compiled from reports by NBC4 and KTLA, the suspect trespassed onto the airport grounds around 4:00 AM. The individual targeted a flight training facility located near the 7900 block of Balboa Boulevard, an area densely populated with Commercial-Aircraft academies and hangars.
After gaining access to the flight school, the suspect boarded a white single-engine Cessna 172. Around 5:00 AM, the suspect attempted to operate the aircraft. NBC Los Angeles reports that the plane was stolen directly from the flight school’s ramp.
“A small plane crashed in a building at Van Nuys Airport after it was stolen from a flight school, officials tell NBC4 Investigates.”
— NBC Los Angeles
While the suspect managed to start the engine and begin taxiing, they lost control of the aircraft before reaching a runway. The plane surged forward and impacted a hangar nose-first. Aerial video footage broadcast by KTLA showed the aircraft’s nose embedded in the metal siding of the structure, leaving a distinct hole in the exterior wall. The propeller and nose cone sustained significant damage, rendering the aircraft inoperable.
Following the crash, LAXPD officers arrested the suspect at the scene. CBS Los Angeles and other local outlets have identified the individual as 37-year-old Ceffareno Michael Logan. He was booked on suspicion of burglary and theft of an aircraft. According to verified reports from Patch and NTD News, bail for Logan has been set at $150,000. As of the latest updates, authorities have not disclosed a motive for the theft, nor have they confirmed whether the suspect possessed any prior flight training or a pilot’s license. The swift arrival of law enforcement prevented any further attempts to move the aircraft or flee the scene.
The investigation has expanded beyond local police to include federal agencies. Both the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) are on-site to assist LAXPD. Their inquiry will likely focus on how the suspect breached the perimeter and accessed the aircraft keys or ignition system.
Crews were observed later in the morning extracting the damaged Cessna from the hangar wall and towing it back to the flight academy’s facility. Despite the dramatic nature of the event, airport operations at Van Nuys were not significantly disrupted, as the crash was contained within the flight school’s specific ramp area.
While commercial airports operate under the strict passenger screening protocols of the TSA, general aviation (GA) airports like Van Nuys face different security challenges. VNY is a massive facility with multiple access points for Private-Jets businesses, hangars, and flight schools. This incident highlights the vulnerability of “insider” areas where aircraft are parked.
Although rare, the theft of aircraft is a known risk in the aviation industry. In 2018, a ground service agent stole a Q400 turboprop from Seattle-Tacoma International Airport, a tragedy that ended in a fatal crash. Fortunately, in this instance at Van Nuys, the suspect failed to achieve flight, preventing a potentially catastrophic outcome over the densely populated San Fernando Valley. We anticipate this event will trigger a review of after-hours key storage and perimeter security standards for flight schools operating at VNY.
Stolen Cessna 172 Crashes into Hangar at Van Nuys Airport
Timeline of the Theft and Crash
The Break-in and Attempted Taxi
Suspect and Legal Proceedings
Investigation and Aftermath
AirPro News Analysis: General Aviation Security
Sources
Photo Credit: KTLA5
Regulations & Safety
US Government Admits Liability in 2025 Washington DC Mid-Air Collision
The U.S. government admits fault in the 2025 mid-air collision near Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport that killed 67, citing FAA and Army errors.
This article summarizes reporting by AP News.
In a significant legal development following the deadliest United States aviation accident since 2001, the U.S. government has formally admitted liability for the mid-air collision that claimed 67 lives earlier this year. According to court filings submitted in December 2025, the Department of Justice acknowledged that negligence by both Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) air traffic controllers and U.S. Army pilots caused the tragedy.
The crash, which occurred on January 29, 2025, involved American Eagle Flight 5342 and a U.S. Army Black Hawk helicopter operating near Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (DCA). As reported by AP News, the government’s admission comes in response to a lawsuit filed by the family of a victim, signaling a potential shift in how the remaining legal battles regarding the disaster will proceed.
The lawsuit, filed by the family of passenger Casey Crafton, alleges that failures in communication and protocol led directly to the catastrophe. In a move that legal experts describe as unusually swift for complex aviation litigation, the government did not contest its role in the accident.
In the filing, the government stated that it:
“owed a duty of care to plaintiffs, which it breached.”
, U.S. Department of Justice filing, via AP News
By admitting liability, the government effectively removes the need for a trial to determine fault regarding its own agents (the FAA and the Army). The legal focus will likely shift toward determining the amount of damages owed to the families of the 64 people on the regional jet and the three crew members on the helicopter.
The collision occurred at night while the American Eagle CRJ700, operated by PSA Airlines, was on approach to DCA from Wichita, Kansas. The Black Hawk helicopter was conducting a training mission involving night vision goggles. Investigations cited by AP News and preliminary NTSB data highlight two primary causes for the disaster: air traffic control errors and pilot deviations. According to the reports, the FAA controller at DCA utilized “visual separation” procedures, asking the helicopter pilots if they had the incoming jet in sight. Once the pilots confirmed they did, the controller transferred the responsibility for maintaining safe distance to the helicopter crew. Following the incident, the FAA has reportedly restricted the use of visual separation for helicopters operating in this congested airspace.
The government’s admission also encompasses errors made by the Army flight crew. Investigators found that the helicopter was flying significantly higher than permitted for its specific route. While the limit for “Route 4” was 200 feet, the Black Hawk was operating between 278 and 300 feet, approximately 78 feet above the ceiling for that corridor.
Furthermore, technical discrepancies were noted in the helicopter’s equipment. The investigation revealed that the barometric altimeter may have displayed an altitude 80 to 100 feet lower than the aircraft’s actual position, potentially misleading the pilots. The use of night vision goggles was also cited as a factor that may have limited the crew’s peripheral vision and depth perception.
The speed at which the U.S. government admitted liability, less than a year after the incident, is notable. In many aviation disasters involving state actors, litigation can drag on for years over jurisdictional and immunity claims. We assess that this early admission is likely a strategic decision to limit the scope of discovery. By conceding fault now, the government may prevent a prolonged public trial that would expose granular, potentially sensitive details regarding military training operations and air traffic control systemic vulnerabilities in the nation’s capital.
While the government has accepted its share of the blame, the legal battle continues for the private carriers involved. American Airlines and its regional subsidiary, PSA Airlines, are also named defendants in the lawsuit. Both airlines have filed motions to dismiss the complaints against them, arguing that the sole responsibility lies with the government entities that controlled the airspace and the military aircraft.
Attorneys for the victims’ families, however, argue that the airlines failed to mitigate known risks associated with flying into the highly congested airspace around Washington, D.C. The outcome of these motions will determine whether the airlines must also pay damages or if the U.S. taxpayers will bear the full financial burden of the settlements.
When is the final NTSB report expected? What safety changes have been made since the crash? How many people died in the accident?
US Government Admits Liability in Fatal Collision Between American Eagle Jet and Army Helicopter
Government Concedes Negligence in Court Filing
Operational Failures Behind the Crash
FAA Controller Errors
Army Pilot Deviations
AirPro News Analysis
Ongoing Legal Disputes with Airlines
Frequently Asked Questions
The National Transportation Safety Board is expected to release its final report on the probable cause of the accident in early 2026.
The FAA has permanently closed the specific helicopter route (Route 4) involved in the crash. Additionally, regulators have prohibited the simultaneous use of certain runways at DCA during urgent helicopter missions and restricted visual separation procedures for helicopters.
The crash resulted in 67 total fatalities: 60 passengers and 4 crew members on the regional jet, and 3 crew members on the Army helicopter.
Sources
Photo Credit: NBC News
Regulations & Safety
Why Proper Maintenance of Aircraft Wheel Bearings Is Critical for Safety
Airbus technical data shows aircraft wheel bearing failures result mainly from maintenance errors. Proper torque, cleaning, and lubrication are essential for safety.
This article is based on technical guidance and safety publications from Airbus and additional industry safety reports.
Aircraft wheel bearings are among the most stressed components in aviation. Despite supporting loads of up to 500 tons and enduring temperature shifts from sub-zero cruising altitudes to the intense heat of braking, they remain largely hidden from view. According to a technical safety publication by Airbus, the failure of these components is rarely due to design flaws but is almost exclusively the result of improper maintenance.
At AirPro News, we have reviewed the latest guidance from Airbus’s “Safety First” initiative, alongside broader industry data, to understand why these small components continue to pose significant risks to flight safety. The consensus across manufacturers and regulators is clear: strict adherence to maintenance protocols is the only barrier against catastrophic failure.
The primary cause of bearing failure, as identified by Airbus and industry data, is maintenance error. Specifically, the issues revolve around incorrect torque application, contamination, and inadequate lubrication. Aircraft use “tapered roller bearings” designed to handle both the weight of the aircraft (radial loads) and side-to-side movement (axial loads). When these bearings are mistreated, the consequences are severe.
One of the most critical and frequently misunderstood aspects of wheel installation is the torque procedure. According to Airbus technical guidelines, a specific “double-torque” method is required to ensure the bearings are seated correctly without being overtightened.
The process generally involves three distinct steps:
The risk lies in the details. If a technician skips rotating the wheel during the initial torque application, the rollers may not align, leading to a false torque reading. This can result in loose bearings that vibrate and wear prematurely, or tight bearings that overheat and seize.
The failure of a wheel bearing is not merely a maintenance inconvenience; it is a direct threat to the structural integrity of the aircraft. When a bearing seizes, it can generate enough friction to weld components together or shear axles, leading to wheel separation.
In one notable case study highlighted by Airbus, an A330 aircraft lost a wheel during takeoff. The investigation revealed that a seized bearing destroyed the axle nut, allowing the wheel to eject from the landing gear. This is not an isolated event. Data from the Transportation Safety Board of Canada (TSB) underscores the prevalence of this issue. “A study revealed 67 occurrences of nosewheel bearing failures on A319/A320/A321 aircraft worldwide between 1989 and 2004.”
— TSB Canada Data
While the Airbus “Safety First” article focuses on their fleet, the physics of bearing failure applies universally. Reports from the UK Air Accidents Investigation Branch (AAIB) detail an incident involving a Boeing 737-800 where a seized bearing generated sufficient heat to compromise the chrome plating and base metal of the axle, causing it to fracture.
Similarly, an investigation into an Embraer EMB-145 (registration G-EMBP) found that moisture contamination due to improper seal installation led to severe overheating and subsequent axle failure. These incidents confirm that regardless of the airframe manufacturer, the root causes, contamination and torque errors, remain consistent.
To mitigate these risks, manufacturers and technical organizations like Timken have established “gold standard” maintenance manuals. The following practices are considered non-negotiable for airworthiness:
The Human Factor in Maintenance
While the technical steps are well-documented, we believe the persistence of these failures points to a human factors challenge. Wheel bearings are “hidden” components; unlike a tire that shows visible tread wear, a bearing often looks pristine until the moment it fails catastrophically. This lack of visual feedback places an immense burden on the maintenance process itself.
In high-pressure line maintenance environments, the requirement to rotate a wheel while torquing it, a process that relies on “feel” and patience, can be a trap for technicians rushing to clear an aircraft for departure. The data suggests that safety in this domain relies less on new technology and more on a disciplined adherence to the basics: cleaning, inspecting, and respecting the torque procedure.
Regulators continue to monitor these risks closely. The FAA has previously issued Airworthiness Directives, such as AD 2012-10-09 for Cessna 560XL aircraft, following reports of brake failure linked to loose bearing components. Furthermore, the FAA Safety Team (FAASTeam) frequently issues alerts reminding operators that “grease is not just grease,” warning that using unapproved substitutes constitutes a violation of FAR Part 43.
Whether operating a General Aviation aircraft or a commercial airliner, the message from the industry is uniform: take care of the wheel bearings, and they will carry the load.
The Hidden Danger in the Gear: Why Wheel Bearing Maintenance Cannot Be Rushed
The Mechanics of Failure
The “Double-Torque” Procedure
Real-World Consequences
Airbus and TSB Canada Data
Cross-Fleet Vulnerabilities
Industry Best Practices
AirPro News Analysis
Regulatory Context
Sources
Photo Credit: Airbus
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