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Japan Airlines to Trial Humanoid Robots for Ground Handling by 2028

Japan Airlines and GMO AIR launch humanoid robot trials at Tokyo Haneda Airport in 2026 to address labor shortages in ground handling by 2028.

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This article is based on an official press release from Japan Airlines Co., Ltd.

On April 27, 2026, the tarmac at Tokyo’s Haneda Airport became the staging ground for a radical response to Japan’s demographic crisis. Japan Airlines Co., Ltd. (JAL), alongside its ground handling subsidiary JAL Grand Service Co., Ltd. (JGS) and GMO AI & Robotics Trading Co., Ltd. (GMO AIR), announced the country’s first demonstration experiment utilizing humanoid robots for airport ground handling operations.

According to the joint press release, the multi-year project will officially launch in May 2026. The initiative aims to combat severe labor shortages in the aviation sector by automating physically demanding tasks, with the ultimate goal of achieving full practical implementation by 2028. For an industry heavily reliant on manual labor to maintain strict turnaround times, this represents a significant shift in operational strategy.

We view this development not merely as a technological novelty, but as a vital infrastructure survival strategy. Japan has long been a bellwether for global demographic challenges; if JAL and GMO succeed in integrating humanoids into daily operations, this experiment could serve as the blueprint for global aviation operations in the 2030s.

The Experiment and Phased Rollout

Hardware and Capabilities

The demonstration relies on Chinese-made humanoid robots specifically selected for their physical specifications. According to the project’s technical details, the models unveiled feature a silver-based body, stand 130 centimeters tall, and weigh 35 kilograms. Currently, these units are capable of operating continuously for two to three hours before requiring a recharge, which dictates how they will be scheduled during the initial testing phases.

Phased Implementation Plan

The companies have outlined a strict, phased approach to integration between 2026 and 2028. Phase 1 focuses on visualizing and analyzing existing airport workflows to identify specific areas where robots can operate safely alongside human ground crews. Phase 2 will introduce initial physical tests, tasking the robots with pushing and moving cargo containers from trolleys to the aircraft.

If these initial phases prove successful, the press release notes that the robots’ duties will eventually expand to include baggage loading, aircraft towing, operating Ground Support Equipment (GSE), and even aircraft cabin cleaning.

The Labor Crisis and the Case for Humanoids

Japan’s Demographic Squeeze

The backdrop to this robotics initiative is a severe demographic and economic squeeze hitting Japan’s aviation sector. Industry data highlights that Japan’s national population dropped from 128.5 million in 2010 to 122.6 million in 2024, drastically shrinking the pool of working-age individuals. Compounded by a post-pandemic recovery and a massive surge in inbound tourism, the gap between labor supply and operational needs has widened to critical levels. Ground handling remains highly physical work, requiring the lifting of heavy baggage and maneuvering of cargo, while demanding strict adherence to safety standards.

Why Humanoid Form Factors?

A central question surrounding the initiative is why the consortium opted for humanoid robots over traditional, purpose-built automation. The primary advantage is infrastructure compatibility. Airports are built entirely around human workers. Traditional wheeled robots or fixed automated systems struggle to adapt to these environments; they cannot climb stairs and often require costly floor modifications. Humanoid robots possess a human-like range of motion, allowing them to be deployed into existing airport setups and tight spaces without requiring expensive modifications to facilities or the aircraft themselves.

“While airports appear highly automated and standardised, their back-end operations still rely heavily on human labour and face serious labour shortages.”

— Tomohiro Uchida, President & CEO of GMO AI & Robotics Trading, via company press release

Corporate Strategy and Industry Context

Pioneering “Labor as a Service”

The GMO Internet Group has officially declared 2026 as the “First Year of Humanoids.” Through GMO AIR, the company is pioneering a shift in the robotics business model from traditional product sales to a “Humanoid Dispatch Service,” effectively creating a Labor-as-a-Service (LaaS) model. This strategy draws on expertise from the newly opened “GMO Humanoid Lab Shibuya Showcase,” a physical AI research hub that launched earlier this month on April 7, 2026.

For JAL, this project is the latest step in a long-term automation journey. In 2021, the airline became the first in Japan to officially introduce Level 3 equivalent autonomous towing tractors for baggage transport within the restricted areas of Narita International Airport.

Replacing physically demanding tasks with robots “is likely to inevitably reduce workers’ burden, providing significant benefits to employees.”

— Yoshiteru Suzuki, President & CEO of JAL Grand Service, via company press release

Suzuki further emphasized in the release that automation will allow human staff to focus on critical tasks that require human judgment, such as comprehensive safety management.

AirPro News analysis

While the vision presented by JAL and GMO AIR is compelling, we must acknowledge the significant hurdles this technology faces before reaching the 2028 implementation goal. Humanoid robotics, despite rapid advancements, remains in its relative infancy regarding high-pressure, unpredictable environments. Recent research from Stanford University highlighted that humanoid robots currently fail up to 88% of the time when performing routine household tasks. Translating these capabilities to a fast-paced, high-stakes airport tarmac will require exponential improvements in reliability.

Furthermore, economic feasibility remains a point of contention. Industry experts, including ASI CEO Mel Torrie, have publicly questioned the economic viability of humanoid robots compared to purpose-built autonomous vehicles, which are already successfully deployed in global logistics and warehousing. The success of JAL’s experiment will likely hinge not just on whether the robots can perform the tasks, but whether they can do so more cost-effectively than alternative automation methods.

Frequently Asked Questions

When does the humanoid robot trial begin?

The phased trial begins in May 2026 at Tokyo’s Haneda Airport and is scheduled to run through 2028.

What tasks will the robots perform?

Initially, the robots will be tested on pushing and moving cargo containers from trolleys to the aircraft. Future tasks may include baggage loading, aircraft towing, operating Ground Support Equipment (GSE), and cabin cleaning.

Why use humanoid robots instead of wheeled robots?

Airports are designed for human workers. Humanoid robots have a human-like range of motion, allowing them to navigate stairs, tight spaces, and existing infrastructure without the need for expensive facility modifications that wheeled robots would require.


Sources: Japan Airlines Co., Ltd. Press Release

Photo Credit: Japan Airlines

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Sustainable Aviation

KBR PureSAF Technology Selected for Kazakhstan First SAF Plant

KBR licenses PureSAF technology for Kazakhstan’s first SAF facility, using an alcohol-to-jet process with domestic feedstocks.

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Global engineering firm KBR announced on August 24, 2026, that it secured a contracts to license its proprietary PureSAF technology and provide engineering design for Kazakhstan’s inaugural Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) production facility. The project, developed in partnership with KazMunayGas-Aero LLP (KMG-Aero) and KazFoodProducts (KFP), will utilize domestic agricultural feedstocks to produce low-carbon aviation fuel via an alcohol-to-jet (AtJ) process.

In a press release detailing the contract award, KBR confirmed the agreement supports Kazakhstan’s strategic objective to establish itself as an international aviation hub while advancing aviation decarbonization. The planned facility will leverage technology developed in collaboration with Swedish Biofuels AB to convert ethanol into drop-in aviation fuel.

Technology and Project Scope

The facility will utilize KBR’s PureSAF technology, an alcohol-to-jet pathway designed to process agricultural feedstocks into sustainable aviation fuel. The foundational trilateral agreement covering the Process Design Package (PDP) and technology licensing was signed by KBR, KMG-Aero, and KFP in Astana on July 23, 2026. KBR, which employs approximately 37,000 people and operates in 28 countries, will provide the engineering framework required to scale the AtJ process for commercial output.

KBR Sustainable Technology Solutions President Jay Ibrahim stated the company is honored to support the national commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

“KBR’s PureSAF is a feed-flexible, bankable technology that is designed to deliver high SAF yields and supports the project across the full lifecycle. We look forward to closely collaborating and supporting the successful execution of this landmark SAF project,” Ibrahim said.

Kazakhstan’s Aviation Decarbonization Strategy

The KBR contract follows a series of government initiatives aimed at building a domestic SAF supply chain. On August 4, 2026, Kazakh Prime Minister Olzhas Bektenov and Dr. Peter Lee of Hong Kong-based Full Vision Capital signed a memorandum of understanding to explore creating a green aviation fuel ecosystem in the city of Alatau. This proposed ecosystem would cover the full production cycle, from cultivating agricultural feedstock to manufacturing the finished product.

These infrastructure investments align with recommendations from global aviation regulators and industry groups. In April 2026, the International Air Transport Association (IATA) emphasized that continued investment in SAF, alongside new airport infrastructure, is critical for Kazakhstan to capitalize on global passenger and cargo traffic and strengthen its domestic aviation sector.

AirPro News analysis

The KBR contract award represents a concrete technical step in Kazakhstan’s ambition to localize SAF production, but several commercial variables remain undefined. The August 24 announcement did not disclose the financial value of the engineering contract, the projected production capacity of the facility, or a target completion date. We note that while the alcohol-to-jet pathway is a proven method for SAF production, scaling agricultural feedstock supply-chain domestically will be critical to the plant’s long-term viability. The parallel involvement of Full Vision Capital suggests the government is actively working to finance and structure this agricultural supply chain in the Alatau region to ensure the KBR-designed facility has the necessary inputs to operate at scale.

Sources: KBR

Photo Credit: Montage

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Technology & Innovation

Boeing and GM Complete Sale of HRL Laboratories to IBM

Boeing and GM finalized the sale of HRL Laboratories to IBM on August 25, 2026, supporting Boeing’s refocus on core aerospace operations.

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The Boeing Company and General Motors Company have finalized the sale of their jointly owned research facility, HRL Laboratories, to International Business Machines Corporation (IBM), a divestment that allows the aerospace and automotive manufacturers to redirect resources toward their primary industrial operations.

The transaction transfers ownership of the Malibu, California-based research center, which Boeing and GM previously held in a 50/50 joint venture. The companies initially announced the acquisition agreement on July 23, 2026. Boeing and GM confirmed the completion of the sale in a press release on August 25, 2026, followed by IBM’s official confirmation on August 26. Financial terms of the Acquisitions were not disclosed.

Strategic realignment for Boeing and GM

For Boeing, the sale of HRL Laboratories aligns with a broader corporate Strategy to streamline operations and concentrate capital on its core commercial airplanes, defense, and space divisions. HRL Laboratories was founded in 1948 and has historically provided advanced physical science and engineering research for its parent companies.

In a joint statement, Boeing and GM indicated that they will maintain a working relationship with the laboratory under its new ownership to support their respective technological needs.

“Since its founding in 1948, HRL Laboratories has been a leader in pioneering work in physical science and engineering, and we look forward to IBM building on this legacy. While Boeing and GM will continue to partner with IBM and HRL on quantum applications and advanced technology development, our companies will focus our resources on our respective core businesses and delivering the programs and services necessary to meet our customers’ evolving needs.”

IBM accelerates quantum hardware roadmap

The acquisition provides IBM with HRL’s expertise in silicon-spin qubits, quantum sensing, and advanced materials. IBM plans to integrate these technologies into its dual-track hardware strategy, combining its existing superconducting circuits with HRL’s silicon quantum dot research.

This integration supports the development of the IBM Quantum Starling, a fault-tolerant quantum computer projected to perform 100 million quantum operations by 2029.

Jay Gambetta, Director of Research and IBM Fellow, noted in a company statement that the HRL team brings a broad portfolio of technologies that will strengthen IBM’s long-term plans to deliver useful quantum computing. Gambetta stated the acquisition brings together advances across quantum computing, sensing, and networking.

Rob Vasquez, President and Chief Executive Officer of HRL Laboratories, described the acquisition as the natural next chapter for the facility, noting the team’s dedication to exploring how future quantum computers could be built at unprecedented scales.

AirPro News analysis

We view Boeing’s divestment of HRL Laboratories as a pragmatic step in its ongoing effort to stabilize and refocus its core aerospace Manufacturing businesses. While quantum computing and advanced materials research hold long-term promise for aerospace applications, maintaining a 50 percent stake in a dedicated research laboratory requires capital and management bandwidth that Boeing currently needs for its Commercial-Aircraft production and certification programs. By transitioning from an owner to a partner, Boeing retains access to HRL’s quantum advancements without the financial overhead of managing the joint venture.

Sources: The Boeing Company

Photo Credit: HRL Laboratories

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Technology & Innovation

Archer Aviation and AEG to Build eVTOL Vertiport at LA LIVE

Archer Aviation and AEG announce a multi-year partnership to develop an eVTOL vertiport at LA LIVE ahead of the 2028 Olympics.

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Archer Aviation Inc. and Anschutz Entertainment Group (AEG) have established a multi-year partnerships to construct a dedicated vertiport for electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft at the L.A. LIVE district in downtown Los Angeles.

Announced in an August 24, 2026 press release, the agreement establishes Archer as the exclusive air taxi partner for the 4 million-square-foot sports and entertainment complex. The project serves as a central node for Archer’s planned Southern California network, targeting operational readiness ahead of the 2028 Olympic and Paralympic Games.

Infrastructure and Network Expansion

The two companies have completed an initial feasibility study for the L.A. LIVE site. This assessment evaluated land-use requirements, airspace integration, power availability, and community impact. The project has now advanced to a secondary phase focused on operational procedures and passenger experience.

To support flight operations, the facility will incorporate electric aviation chargers manufactured by BETA Technologies. This hardware integration aligns with the Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) industry’s ACES consortium, which aims to standardize charging infrastructure across different eVTOL platforms.

The downtown location will connect to a broader regional network. According to reporting by Aviation International News, Archer’s Los Angeles architecture includes a central operational hub at the newly acquired Hawthorne Municipal Airport (KHHR). Additional planned nodes include Los Angeles International Airport (KLAX), Hollywood Burbank Airport (KBUR), John Wayne Airport (KSNA), SoFi Stadium, and the University of Southern California. Pollstar News reports that passenger travel times across this network are estimated between 10 and 20 minutes.

Aligning with the LA28 Games

The vertiport development is closely tied to the upcoming LA28 Olympic and Paralympic Games. The Downtown Los Angeles Zone is scheduled to host 18 Olympic and Paralympic sports, positioning L.A. LIVE adjacent to Crypto.com Arena and the Los Angeles Convention Center as a high-traffic transit corridor. Archer previously secured the designation of Official Air Taxi Provider for the LA28 Games and Team USA.

Archer Founder and CEO Adam Goldstein highlighted the strategic timing of the infrastructure build.

“Working with AEG on an iconic project like this vertiport at L.A. LIVE gives us the opportunity to continue building the infrastructure needed for Southern California to lead in the next era of all-electric flight. We see this as a one-of-a-kind opportunity to add a flagship downtown location to our planned Los Angeles air taxi network ahead of the LA28 Games.”

AEG Global Partnerships President and Chief Operating Officer Nick Baker stated the collaboration blends infrastructure and technology to serve event attendees and the broader community.

Unconfirmed Site Details

While the partnership is confirmed, specific logistical details remain undisclosed. Aviation International News noted that the exact footprint of the vertiport within the L.A. LIVE campus has not been specified. Potential locations could include existing parking structures, including one with a 100,000-square-foot rooftop deck, though neither Archer nor AEG has verified a specific location. Funding structures, ownership models, and specific operational responsibilities for the vertiport also remain unannounced.

AirPro News analysis

Securing viable takeoff and landing real estate in dense urban centers remains one of the highest barriers to entry for the AAM sector. By partnering directly with AEG, Archer bypasses several municipal land-acquisition hurdles, leveraging existing private commercial space in a highly regulated downtown corridor. The decision to install BETA Technologies chargers is equally significant. We view this hardware choice as a pragmatic step toward interoperability, ensuring the site can potentially service mixed fleets in the future rather than operating as a closed ecosystem. The success of this node will likely depend on local airspace deconfliction over downtown Los Angeles and the finalization of high-capacity grid connections required for rapid turnaround times.

Sources: Archer Aviation

Photo Credit: Archer Aviation

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