Defense & Military
Indonesia-Turkey Kaan Fighter Jet Deal: Defense Modernization Pact
Indonesia acquires 48 Turkish Kaan jets in a $10B co-production deal, boosting defense autonomy and diversifying global arms partnerships.
Indonesia’s decision to purchase 48 Kaan fighter jets from Turkey marks a significant milestone in both countries’ defense trajectories. The agreement is Turkey’s first export deal for its domestically produced fifth-generation fighter jet and reflects Indonesia’s broader ambition to modernize its military and reduce reliance on traditional arms suppliers like the United States and Russia.
Announced during the Indo Defence 2025 exhibition in Jakarta, the deal not only involves the acquisition of fifth-generation multirole combat aircraft but also includes a co-production component. This aligns with Indonesia’s “Make in Indonesia” policy and strengthens bilateral ties with Turkey, a country that has rapidly advanced its defense capabilities over the past two decades.
As global defense dynamics shift and regional tensions rise in the Indo-Pacific, the deal underscores a strategic pivot for both nations. For Turkey, it’s a validation of its growing defense manufacturing prowess. For Indonesia, it’s a step towards technological self-sufficiency and strategic autonomy in a multipolar world.
The Kaan fighter jet, developed by Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI), is Turkey’s most advanced military aviation project to date. Conceived as a fifth-generation multirole combat aircraft, the Kaan features stealth capabilities, advanced avionics, and AI integration. It is designed to operate in complex threat environments and is expected to serve as a backbone for Turkey’s future air force capabilities.
The development of the Kaan began in earnest after Turkey’s removal from the U.S.-led F-35 program in 2019, following its acquisition of the Russian S-400 missile defense system. This geopolitical setback spurred Ankara to accelerate indigenous defense projects, with the Kaan emerging as a flagship initiative. The aircraft completed its maiden flight in 2024, using General Electric F110 engines, and is expected to transition to a domestically produced engine in the coming years.
TAI aims to deliver the first operational Kaan units to the Turkish Air Force by 2028, although some analysts suggest delays could push this to 2029. The aircraft’s modular design allows for future upgrades, including integration with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), making it a potential sixth-generation platform.
“To reduce costs, it is essential to increase the number of orders. As the number of units increases, the per-unit price of the aircraft decreases.”, Yusuf Akbaba, Turkish defense industry expert
For Indonesia, the Kaan deal addresses multiple strategic imperatives. The Indonesian Air Force (TNI-AU) currently relies on aging F-16s and a mix of Russian and Western aircraft. The acquisition of the Kaan jets will not only modernize its fleet but also signal Jakarta’s intent to diversify its defense partnerships amid evolving regional threats, particularly in the South China Sea.
Indonesia had previously collaborated with South Korea on the KF-21 Boramae program but later scaled back its involvement. Analysts argue that the KF-21 lacks full fifth-generation capabilities, whereas the Kaan offers a more advanced solution with features like stealth design and AI-assisted combat systems. The co-production component of the Kaan deal also aligns with Indonesia’s industrial ambitions, potentially boosting its domestic aerospace sector. Defense analyst Dr. Halim Santoso of Indonesia Defense University noted, “This deal not only enhances Indonesia’s air combat capabilities but also represents a strategic partnership that can foster indigenous aerospace development.”
The Kaan deal is emblematic of a broader trend in global arms trade: the rise of emerging defense exporters challenging traditional suppliers. Turkey’s success in securing a major jet fighter export contract places it in a new league, alongside established players like the U.S., Russia, and France. This could pave the way for additional sales to countries such as Pakistan and Azerbaijan, which have expressed interest in the Kaan platform.
Co-production agreements like the one between Turkey and Indonesia are becoming increasingly common. They offer buyer countries not only military hardware but also technology transfer, local job creation, and industrial development. For Turkey, such deals help offset development costs and validate its investment in indigenous platforms.
International security expert James Rogers of the International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) commented, “Indonesia’s choice signals a shift towards emerging defense suppliers and reflects changing geopolitical alignments in the Indo-Pacific.”
Turkey has steadily built its defense industry over the past 20 years, transitioning from an importer of military technology to a competitive exporter. Platforms like the Bayraktar TB2 drone, the Altay main battle tank, and the T129 Atak helicopter have already made inroads in global markets. The Kaan represents the next step, a high-value, high-tech export that could redefine Turkey’s position in the global arms trade.
According to Turkish defense expert Prof. Ayşe Demir of Middle East Technical University, “The Kaan program’s success in securing a major export contract validates Turkey’s growing role as a defense exporter and its technological maturity.”
Turkey’s ability to deliver on such a complex project will be closely watched. If successful, it could open doors to additional partnerships and contracts, particularly from countries seeking alternatives to Western or Russian suppliers amid increasing geopolitical polarization.
Indonesia has embarked on a comprehensive military modernization program, which includes acquiring submarines, naval vessels, and air defense systems. The Kaan deal fits into this broader vision, enhancing Indonesia’s airpower and contributing to regional deterrence capabilities. By investing in co-production, Indonesia is also laying the groundwork for a more self-reliant defense industry. This aligns with national policies aimed at reducing dependency on foreign arms and fostering high-tech industries domestically. The deal with Turkey, therefore, is not just about acquiring aircraft, it’s about building capacity and resilience.
Moreover, Indonesia’s strategic location and economic size make it a key player in Southeast Asia. A modernized air force could significantly bolster its role in regional security frameworks, including ASEAN-led initiatives and potential future coalitions in the Indo-Pacific.
The Indo-Pacific region is witnessing a recalibration of defense relationships. As tensions rise in the South China Sea and other flashpoints, countries like Indonesia are seeking to diversify their military partnerships. This includes engaging with non-traditional suppliers like Turkey, which offer competitive pricing, flexible terms, and co-development opportunities.
Such deals also reflect a broader geopolitical shift, where emerging powers are forming new alliances and defense ecosystems outside the traditional Western-Russian dichotomy. Indonesia’s partnership with Turkey could be a harbinger of similar collaborations across the Global South.
As more countries seek to assert strategic autonomy, deals like the Kaan acquisition may become more common, reshaping the global defense landscape in the years to come.
Indonesia’s deal to acquire 48 Kaan fighter jets from Turkey is more than a defense procurement—it’s a strategic statement. It reflects Indonesia’s intent to modernize its military, diversify its defense partnerships, and build domestic industrial capabilities. For Turkey, the agreement is a validation of its defense sector’s growth and a catalyst for further exports.
The co-production element, regional implications, and technological advancements embedded in the Kaan platform make this deal a landmark in modern defense diplomacy. As both nations move forward with implementation, the world will be watching how this partnership unfolds and what it signals for the future of global defense cooperation.
What is the Kaan fighter jet? Why did Indonesia choose the Kaan over other options? When will the jets be delivered? What does the co-production component involve? Is this Turkey’s first major fighter jet export deal? Sources: Associated Press,
Photo Credit: The War Zone
Indonesia’s Fighter Jet Deal with Turkey: A Strategic Leap in Defense and Diplomacy
Understanding the Kaan Fighter Jet and Its Strategic Value
Turkey’s Ambitious Kaan Project
Indonesia’s Strategic Calculus
Implications for Regional and Global Defense Markets
Broader Geopolitical and Industrial Implications
Turkey’s Emergence as a Defense Exporter
Indonesia’s Defense Modernization Strategy
Changing Dynamics in the Indo-Pacific
Conclusion
FAQ
The Kaan is a fifth-generation multirole combat aircraft developed by Turkish Aerospace Industries, featuring stealth capabilities, AI integration, and advanced avionics.
Indonesia selected the Kaan to modernize its air force, replace aging F-16s, and benefit from co-production opportunities that align with its “Make in Indonesia” policy.
Deliveries are expected to begin in 2028, with the first batch anticipated between 2028 and 2029.
The deal includes technology transfer and local manufacturing of certain jet components in Indonesia, aimed at boosting its domestic aerospace industry.
Yes, this is Turkey’s first export deal for its domestically produced fifth-generation fighter jet.
Defense & Military
South Korea Grounds AH-1S Cobra Helicopters After Fatal Crash
South Korea suspends AH-1S Cobra helicopter operations following a fatal training crash amid delays in fleet replacement.
This article summarizes reporting by South China Morning Post and official statements from the South Korean military.
The South Korean military has ordered an immediate suspension of all AH-1S Cobra helicopters operations following a fatal accident on Monday morning. According to reporting by the South China Morning Post (SCMP), the crash occurred in Gapyeong and resulted in the deaths of two crew members. The grounding order remains in effect pending a comprehensive investigation into the cause of the incident.
The tragedy has renewed scrutiny over the Republic of Korea Army’s aging fleet of attack helicopters, many of which have surpassed their original intended service life. Military officials confirmed that the aircraft involved was conducting training maneuvers at the time of the accident.
The crash took place at approximately 11:04 AM KST on February 9, 2026. The aircraft, an AH-1S Cobra operated by the Army’s 15th Aviation Group, went down on a riverbank in Gapyeong County, located roughly 55 kilometers northeast of Seoul.
According to military briefings, the two crew members on board, both Warrant Officers, were recovered from the wreckage in cardiac arrest. They were transported to a nearby hospital but were subsequently pronounced dead.
Preliminary reports indicate the crew was engaged in “emergency landing procedures.” In rotorcraft aviation, this typically refers to autorotation training, a high-risk maneuver where pilots simulate engine failure to glide the helicopter safely to the ground using the energy stored in the spinning rotors. While standard for pilot certification, autorotation requires precise handling, particularly during the final “flare” phase near the ground.
The AH-1S Cobra has been a staple of South Korea’s anti-tank capabilities since its introduction between 1988 and 1991. However, the fleet is widely considered obsolete by modern standards. Estimates suggest the Army still operates between 55 and 70 of these airframes.
According to defense procurement plans previously released by the government, the AH-1S fleet was scheduled for retirement by 2024. The continued operation of these helicopters in 2026 points to significant delays in the full deployment of replacement platforms, specifically the AH-64E Apache Guardian and the domestically produced KAI LAH (Light Armed Helicopter). This is not the first time the aging Cobra fleet has faced safety questions. In August 2018, the fleet was grounded after a catastrophic mechanical failure in Yongin. During that incident, a main rotor blade separated from the fuselage during takeoff, leading to a crash landing. That failure was later attributed to a defect in the rotor strap assembly, highlighting the structural fatigue inherent in airframes that have been in service for nearly four decades.
The Risks of Legacy Training Modernization Pressure
South Korea Grounds AH-1S Cobra Fleet Following Fatal Training Crash
Incident Details and Casualties
Fleet Status and Delayed Retirement
Previous Safety Concerns
AirPro News Analysis
The crash in Gapyeong underscores a critical dilemma facing modernizing militaries: the necessity of training on “high-risk” airframes while awaiting delayed replacements. Autorotation training is inherently dangerous even in modern aircraft; performing these stress-inducing maneuvers on helicopters approaching 40 years of service compounds the risk profile significantly.
We anticipate this incident will accelerate political pressure on the Ministry of National Defense to expedite the retirement of the remaining AH-1S Cobras. While South Korea has become a major exporter of advanced defense hardware, such as the K2 tank and FA-50 light combat aircraft, the domestic reliance on Vietnam-era derivative helicopters creates a stark capability gap. The tragedy may force the military to prioritize the delivery of the KAI LAH to prevent further loss of life among aircrews operating obsolete equipment.
Sources
Photo Credit: Reuters
Defense & Military
Grid Aero Raises $20M to Deploy Long-Range Autonomous Airlift
Grid Aero secures $20M Series A funding to develop the “Lifter-Lite,” a long-range autonomous aircraft for military logistics in the Indo-Pacific.
This article is based on an official press release from Grid Aero.
Grid Aero, a California-based aerospace Startups, announced on January 26, 2026, that it has raised $20 million in Series A funding. The round was led by Bison Ventures and Geodesic Capital, with participation from Stony Lonesome Group, Alumni Ventures, Ubiquity Ventures, Calibrate Ventures, and Commonweal Ventures. The capital will be used to transition the company’s “Lifter-Lite” autonomous aircraft from prototype to a fielded platform, specifically targeting military logistics challenges in the Indo-Pacific region.
Unlike many entrants in the autonomous aviation sector that focus on electric propulsion, Grid Aero has developed a clean-sheet, conventional-fuel aircraft designed to address the “tyranny of distance.” By utilizing standard Jet-A fuel and a rugged fixed-wing design, the company aims to provide a heavy-lift solution capable of operating without traditional runway infrastructure.
According to the company’s announcement, the flagship “Lifter-Lite” aircraft prioritizes range and payload capacity over novel propulsion methods. The system is engineered to carry between 1,000 and 8,000 pounds of cargo, with a maximum range of up to 2,000 miles. This range capability allows for trans-oceanic flights, such as routes from Guam to Japan, which are critical for Pacific theater operations.
The aircraft utilizes a conventional turboprop engine, a strategic choice intended to ensure compatibility with existing military fuel supply chains. The design features Short Takeoff and Landing (STOL) capabilities, enabling operations from dirt strips, highways, or damaged runways where standard cargo planes cannot land.
Grid Aero was founded in 2024 by CEO Arthur Dubois and CTO Chinmay Patel. Dubois previously served as Director of Engineering at Xwing and was an early engineer at Joby Aviation. Patel, who holds a PhD in Aeronautics and Astronautics from Stanford, brings experience from Zee Aero (Kitty Hawk). The leadership team emphasizes a shift away from the “electric hype” of the urban air mobility sector toward pragmatic, physics-based solutions for defense logistics.
“We are building the pickup truck of the skies, a rugged, affordable, and autonomous logistics network capable of operating in austere environments.”
, Grid Aero Mission Statement
The Investments from Geodesic Capital, a firm known for fostering U.S.-Japan collaboration, highlights the strategic focus on the Indo-Pacific. The Department of Defense (DoD) has identified logistics as a primary vulnerability in potential conflicts where traditional supply lines may be contested. Grid Aero positions its technology as an “attritable” asset, low-cost, unmanned systems that can be deployed in volume without risking human crews. The Shift to Pragmatic Propulsion
While the broader autonomous aviation market has largely chased the promise of electric Vertical Takeoff and Landing (eVTOL) technologies, Grid Aero’s successful Series A raise signals a growing investor appetite for pragmatic, mission-specific engineering. Electric propulsion currently struggles with energy density, limiting most eVTOLs to ranges under 200 miles, insufficient for the vast distances of the Pacific.
By opting for a conventional turboprop engine, Grid Aero bypasses the battery bottleneck entirely. This decision allows the “Lifter-Lite” to integrate immediately into existing defense infrastructure (using Jet-A fuel) while offering ranges that are an order of magnitude higher than its electric competitors. For military buyers, the ability to repair an aluminum airframe in the field is often more valuable than the theoretical efficiency of composite electric platforms.
What is the primary use case for Grid Aero’s aircraft?
The aircraft is designed for “contested logistics,” delivering heavy cargo (1,000–8,000 lbs) over long ranges (up to 2,000 miles) to areas without standard runways, such as islands or forward operating bases.
Why does Grid Aero use conventional fuel instead of electric power?
Conventional Jet-A fuel offers significantly higher energy density than current battery technology, enabling the long ranges required for operations in the Pacific. It also ensures compatibility with existing military logistics chains.
Who are the lead investors in this round? The Series A round was led by Bison Ventures, a deep-tech VC firm, and Geodesic Capital, which specializes in U.S.-Japan expansion and security collaboration.
Is the aircraft fully autonomous?
Yes, the system is designed for fully autonomous flight operations, allowing for “fleet-scale” management where a single operator can oversee multiple aircraft simultaneously.
Grid Aero Secures $20M Series A to Deploy Long-Range Autonomous Airlift for Contested Logistics
The “Lifter-Lite” Platform: Capabilities and Design
Leadership and Engineering Pedigree
Strategic Context: Addressing Contested Logistics
AirPro News Analysis
Frequently Asked Questions
Sources
Photo Credit: Grid Aero
Defense & Military
Apogee Aerospace Signs $420M Deal for Albatross Amphibious Aircraft
Apogee Aerospace partners with Australia’s AAI to purchase 15 Albatross 2.0 amphibious planes and invest in India’s seaplane infrastructure.
This article summarizes reporting by The Economic Times.
In a significant development for India’s regional and maritime aviation sectors, Apogee Aerospace Pvt Ltd has signed a definitive agreement with Australia’s Amphibian Aerospace Industries (AAI). According to reporting by The Economic Times, the deal, finalized on February 5, 2026, is valued at approximately Rs 3,500 crore ($420 million) and involves the purchase of 15 Albatross 2.0 amphibian aircraft.
The partnership extends beyond a simple acquisition. Reports indicate that Apogee Aerospace will invest an additional Rs 500 crore ($60 million) to develop a domestic ecosystem for seaplanes in India. This infrastructure commitment includes a final assembly line, a Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul (MRO) facility, and a pilot training center. The move appears strategically timed to align with the Indian Navy’s recent interest in acquiring amphibious capabilities.
The agreement outlines a comprehensive collaboration between the Indian entity and the Darwin-based manufacturer. As detailed in the report, Apogee Aerospace, a special purpose vehicle of the deep-tech defense firm Apogee C4i LLP, has secured 15 units of the G-111T Albatross. This modernized aircraft is a “revival” of the Grumman HU-16, a platform historically utilized for open-ocean rescue missions.
To cement the partnership, Apogee has reportedly invested $7 million (Rs 65 crore) directly into AAI’s parent company, Amphibian Aircraft Holdings. This equity stake grants the Indian firm a long-term interest in the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM). According to the timeline provided in the reporting, the first aircraft is expected to enter the Indian market within 18 to 24 months, with a demonstration aircraft likely arriving within six months.
A central component of the deal is the focus on “Make in India” initiatives. The Rs 500 crore investment is designated for establishing local capabilities that would allow Apogee to service the fleet domestically. This aligns with the Indian government’s Union Budget 2026-27, which explicitly offered incentives for indigenous seaplane manufacturing and viability gap funding for operators.
The aircraft at the center of this procurement is the Albatross 2.0, also known as the G-111T. While based on a legacy airframe, the new variants are being rebuilt in Darwin with significant modernizations. The Economic Times notes that AAI holds the type certificate for the aircraft, which is the only FAA and EASA-certified transport-category amphibian in its class.
Key upgrades to the platform include: The timing of this commercial agreement coincides with a major defense procurement opportunity. On January 10–12, 2026, the Indian Ministry of Defence (MoD) issued a Request for Information (RFI) seeking to wet-lease four amphibious aircraft for the Indian Navy. The Navy requires these assets for SAR operations, island logistics in the Andaman & Nicobar and Lakshadweep archipelagos, and maritime surveillance.
Industry observers suggest that the Apogee-AAI partnership intends to bid for this contract against established global competitors, most notably Japan’s ShinMaywa. The ShinMaywa US-2 has been evaluated by the Indian Navy for over a decade, but high unit costs, estimated at over $110 million per aircraft, have historically stalled acquisition efforts. In contrast, the Albatross 2.0 is positioned as a cost-effective alternative, with a claimed unit cost significantly lower than its Japanese competitor.
We view this deal as a calculated gamble by Apogee Aerospace to disrupt a defense procurement process that has been stagnant for years. By securing a commercial order and investing in local MRO, Apogee is likely attempting to present a “sovereign industrial capability” argument to the Ministry of Defence. This approach addresses two critical pain points for Indian defense planners: cost and indigenization.
However, risks remain. While the ShinMaywa US-2 is a proven, currently operational platform with extreme rough-sea capabilities, the Albatross 2.0 is effectively a remanufactured legacy aircraft from a company that is still ramping up production. The Indian Navy’s RFI calls for an immediate wet-lease solution. Whether AAI can meet the operational readiness requirements with a production line that is still maturing will be the key factor in the upcoming bid evaluation. The promise of a demo aircraft in six months will be the first real test of this partnership’s viability.
Sources: The Economic Times
Apogee Aerospace Signs $420M Deal for Albatross Amphibious Aircraft
Deal Structure and Investment Details
Domestic Manufacturing and MRO
The Albatross 2.0 (G-111T) Platform
Strategic Context: The Indian Navy Bid
AirPro News Analysis
Sources
Photo Credit: AAI
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