Commercial Aviation
Boeing 777X Testing Resumes After Thrust Link Issues Fixed

Boeing 777X Testing Back on Track After Thrust Link Issues Resolved
The Boeing 777X, the latest generation of the Boeing 777 family, has faced numerous challenges since its announcement in 2013. However, the recent resolution of a critical issue with the aircraft’s engine thrust links has allowed Boeing to resume certification flights, marking a significant step toward its eventual service entry. This development is crucial for Boeing, which has been navigating a series of setbacks, including mechanical failures and labor strikes, to bring the 777X to market.
The 777X program has been under intense scrutiny due to its ambitious design and advanced technology, including the General Electric GE9X engine, the largest and most powerful commercial aircraft engine in the world. The aircraft’s certification process, which began with its first flight in 2020, has been one of the most rigorous in Boeing’s history, reflecting the company’s commitment to safety and innovation. The recent resolution of the thrust link issue is a testament to Boeing’s resilience and dedication to overcoming technical challenges.
As Boeing aims to certify the 777X by 2026, six years behind its initial planned service entry in 2020, the aviation industry is closely watching the program’s progress. The successful certification and entry into service of the 777X could have significant implications for the future of air travel, influencing airline fleets, ticket prices, and the overall passenger experience. This article delves into the technical challenges, recent developments, and broader industry context surrounding the Boeing 777X program.
Technical Challenges and Setbacks
Since its introduction, the 777X has faced a series of technical challenges during its testing phase. One of the most significant setbacks occurred in 2020 when an “uncommanded pitch event” caused the aircraft’s nose to pitch up without pilot input, delaying the program by years. More recently, thrust link failures were detected in mid-August 2024 during flight testing, which further stalled the 777X’s certification program. These delays were compounded by a seven-week labor strike in late 2024, which halted production across all of Boeing’s airplane programs.
The thrust link issue, which involves a structural component that transfers thrust between the engines and the airplane structure, was particularly concerning. Each engine includes two thrust links for redundancy, and the failure of this component on one of the test aircraft led to the grounding of the entire 777-9 test fleet. Subsequent inspections revealed similar issues on the other test aircraft, prompting Boeing to take proactive measures to address the problem. The company replaced the faulty components and captured any learnings from the process to ensure future reliability.
Despite these challenges, Boeing has made significant progress in resolving the thrust link issue, enabling the resumption of flight testing. The lead test aircraft, N779XY (known as WH003), has been pivotal in propulsion testing, using a production-standard GE Aerospace GE9X engine with an updated combustor liner and the latest engine control software. The aircraft has been used primarily to evaluate flight loads and performance of the auxiliary power unit, as well as avionics and engines. The resolution of the thrust link issue marks a major step toward the 777X’s eventual certification and service entry.
“The team is working to understand the root-cause corrective action, and once that is determined they will be able to understand the path forward, and any impact to scheduling.” – Brian West, Boeing CFO
Recent Developments and Achievements
Following the resolution of the thrust link issue, Boeing has resumed flight testing of the 777X, a critical step in the aircraft’s certification process. The 777X has accumulated over 1,100 flights and 3,200 flight hours as part of its certification process, one of the most rigorous testing regimes for any Boeing aircraft. The recent resumption of testing includes ensuring all employees are up-to-date on training and certifications, following the seven-week labor strike in late 2024.
One of the notable achievements in the 777X’s testing phase is its record-breaking 65-knot slow flight capabilities, a crucial element in its safety profile and certification process. This demonstration highlights the aircraft’s advanced flight control systems and its ability to operate safely at low speeds, a key requirement for FAA certification. The successful completion of this test phase is a significant milestone for the 777X program, bringing Boeing closer to its goal of certifying the aircraft by 2026.
Boeing’s progress in resolving the thrust link issue and resuming flight testing aligns with the company’s plans to reset itself in 2025 following a year marred by safety incidents, labor strikes, and general turmoil. The 777X program is a key part of Boeing’s strategy to compete with other wide-body aircraft manufacturers, and the advancements in engine technology and flight control systems set a new standard for efficiency and safety in commercial aviation.
Broader Industry Context
The resolution of the thrust link issue and the resumption of 777X test flights are significant within the broader context of the aviation industry. The rigorous testing and inspection processes undertaken by Boeing and mandated by the FAA reflect the industry’s commitment to passenger safety. This level of scrutiny can influence future design criteria for commercial airliners, setting a new benchmark for safety and reliability.
The successful certification and entry into service of the 777X could have a significant impact on airline fleets and travel options. The aircraft’s advanced technology, including the GE9X engine and its fuel efficiency, may influence ticket prices and the overall passenger experience, shaping the future of air travel. Airlines that incorporate the 777X into their fleets could benefit from reduced operating costs and enhanced passenger comfort, giving them a competitive edge in the market.
Moreover, the 777X program is a key part of Boeing’s strategy to compete with other wide-body aircraft manufacturers, such as Airbus. The advancements in engine technology and flight control systems set a new standard for efficiency and safety in commercial aviation, positioning Boeing as a leader in the industry. The successful certification and entry into service of the 777X could solidify Boeing’s position in the market and influence the future direction of aircraft design and innovation.
Conclusion
The Boeing 777X program has faced numerous challenges, from technical setbacks to labor strikes, but the recent resolution of the thrust link issue marks a significant step forward. Boeing’s commitment to safety and innovation is evident in the rigorous testing and inspection processes undertaken to ensure the aircraft’s reliability. The resumption of flight testing and the successful demonstration of record-breaking slow flight capabilities are key milestones in the 777X’s certification process.
As Boeing aims to certify the 777X by 2026, the aviation industry is closely watching the program’s progress. The successful certification and entry into service of the 777X could have significant implications for the future of air travel, influencing airline fleets, ticket prices, and the overall passenger experience. The advancements in engine technology and flight control systems set a new standard for efficiency and safety in commercial aviation, positioning Boeing as a leader in the industry. The 777X program is not just a testament to Boeing’s resilience but also a glimpse into the future of air travel.
FAQ
Question: What is the Boeing 777X?
Answer: The Boeing 777X is the latest generation of the Boeing 777 family, a wide-body airliner that includes two variants, the 777-8 and the 777-9. It is powered by the General Electric GE9X engine, the largest and most powerful commercial aircraft engine in the world.
Question: What caused the recent halt in 777X test flights?
Answer: The recent halt in 777X test flights was due to the discovery of a faulty thrust link, a structural component that transfers thrust between the engines and the airplane structure.
Question: When is Boeing aiming to certify the 777X?
Answer: Boeing is aiming to certify the 777X by 2026, six years behind its initial planned service entry in 2020.
Sources: Aerospace Global News, Flying Magazine, FlightGlobal
Aircraft Orders & Deliveries
Boeing and Icelease Agree on Up to Three 767-300BCF Aircraft
Icelease signs for up to three Boeing 767-300BCF aircraft, with conversions at ST Engineering Singapore starting Q1 2027.

The Boeing Company and aircraft lessor Icelease have finalized an agreement for up to three Boeing 767-300 Boeing Converted Freighter (BCF) aircraft, marking the leasing firm’s expansion into the medium widebody cargo market.
Announced in a press release on November 2, 2026, the transaction includes one firm order and options for two additional conversions. The aircraft will join the managed cargo portfolio of IAT Leasing, a Dublin-based sister company to Icelease.
Conversion timeline and operational details
The formal signing ceremony for the agreement took place on October 22, 2026, during the Cargo Facts Symposium. The physical conversion work will be executed at ST Engineering’s airframe maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) facilities located in Singapore.
Induction of the first Boeing 767-300 aircraft for conversion is scheduled for the first quarter of 2027. Delivery of the completed Boeing 767-300BCF to Icelease and IAT Leasing is expected to follow in the second quarter of 2027. The Boeing Converted Freighter programs are managed by The Boeing Company’s Global Services division.
Lindsey Douglas, Vice President of Cabin, Modifications, Maintenance and Digital Services at The Boeing Company, stated that the agreement underlines the continued collaboration between the two companies to meet global cargo demand.
Sigthor Einarsson, Managing Partner at Icelease, noted the strategic importance of the deal for the lessor’s broader fleet strategy.
“This agreement with Boeing to convert up to three Boeing 767 aircraft marks an important milestone for both Icelease and its Dublin-based sister company IAT Leasing,” Einarsson said.
Icelease and IAT Leasing’s growing cargo portfolio
The Boeing 767-300BCF order builds upon an established relationship between the manufacturer and the lessor. Icelease, an aircraft leasing company with a 21-year history, specializes in aircraft acquisitions, leasing, operations, finance, and investor relations. The firm was originally formed as a spinoff from Icelandair in 2005.
On November 14, 2021, Icelease placed an order for 11 Boeing 737-800 Boeing Converted Freighter (737-800BCF) aircraft during the Dubai Airshow. That order established Icelease as the launch customer for a new conversion line at Boeing’s London Gatwick MRO facility.
The newly ordered widebody freighters will be managed by IAT Leasing. Incorporated in late 2023, IAT Leasing is owned by four equity partners. The Dublin-based entity has rapidly built a portfolio of approximately 40 narrowbody and widebody passenger and Cargo aircraft, which are leased to operators globally. The company’s current managed cargo portfolio already includes seven Boeing 737-800BCF aircraft.
“The history between Icelease and Boeing dates over 20 years and includes a multitude of new aircraft deliveries as well as cargo conversions,” Einarsson said. “The Boeing 767-300BCF will join the growing managed cargo aircraft portfolio of IAT Leasing, which already includes seven Boeing 737-800BCF and other freighters leased to various customers.”
Widebody freighter market outlook
The Boeing 767-300BCF is positioned to serve regional and long-haul cargo networks as a highly efficient medium widebody converted freighter. The aircraft offers a payload capacity of 57 tonnes and a maximum range of 3,300 nautical miles.
The Icelease order aligns with broader industry forecasts regarding long-term air cargo growth. On October 28, 2026, The Boeing Company released projections indicating that the global freighter fleet will exceed 4,000 airplanes by 2045. The manufacturer anticipates that air cargo traffic will double over the same period, providing a sustained demand environment for passenger-to-freighter conversion programs across both narrowbody and widebody platforms.
AirPro News analysis
We view Icelease’s transition from narrowbody to medium widebody conversions as a natural progression for lessors seeking to capture higher-yield cargo segments. While the Boeing 737-800BCF serves domestic and regional express networks effectively, the Boeing 767-300BCF provides the volume and range necessary for intercontinental e-commerce flows. By securing conversion slots at ST Engineering for 2027, Icelease and IAT Leasing are positioning their portfolio to absorb capacity demands as older widebody freighters face retirement toward the end of the decade. The decision to allocate these assets to the recently formed IAT Leasing also highlights the robust investor appetite for dedicated freighter leasing vehicles.
Photo Credit: Boeing
Commercial Aviation
Avolon Launches Constellation Aviation With $1.4B Portfolio
Avolon, I Squared Capital, and ADIA launch Constellation Aviation with a $1.4B aircraft portfolio targeting $6B in scale.

Avolon, I Squared Capital, and the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority (ADIA) have launched Constellation Aviation, a new joint venture aircraft leasing platform seeded with a $1.4 billion initial portfolio.
Announced in a press release on November 2, 2026, the partnership combines institutional capital with Avolon’s aircraft origination and management expertise. The venture is designed to provide airlines with essential fleet capacity amid ongoing constrained aircraft manufacturing, while offering investors exposure to long-term contracted cash flows.
Seed portfolio and operational structure
Constellation Aviation will acquire its initial seed portfolio directly from Avolon. The $1.4 billion portfolio consists of 22 modern, fuel-efficient aircraft, specifically Boeing 737 MAX, Airbus A320neo, and Airbus A330neo models. The aircraft have an average age of five years and are currently leased to 17 airlines across 15 countries.
Under the terms of the joint venture, Avolon will retain a minority equity interest in Constellation Aviation. The Dublin-based lessor will also serve as the exclusive aircraft manager and servicer for the platform, leveraging its existing global relationships.
Avolon Chief Financial Officer Ross O’Connor stated that the joint venture will expand the company’s asset management business. He noted that the partnership reflects the confidence leading institutional investors place in the aviation sector and in Avolon’s ability to originate, manage, and service high-quality assets.
The transaction is supported by a syndicated debt facility provided by a consortium of international banks. BNP Paribas, Crédit Agricole CIB, Société Générale, ING, MUFG, and Mizuho are acting as joint lead bookrunners. Mizuho is also serving as the financial advisor to the investors. Milbank LLP acted as legal counsel to the investors, and Clifford Chance acted as legal counsel to Avolon. The deal remains subject to standard regulatory approvals.
Capitalizing on constrained manufacturing
The launch of Constellation Aviation occurs during a period of significant supply chain disruption in the aerospace sector. Aircraft lessors currently own approximately half of the global airline fleet. This share is in high demand due to substantial backlogs in new aircraft deliveries from major manufacturers.
Gautam Bhandari, Co-Founder, Managing Partner, and Global Chief Investment Officer of I Squared Capital, highlighted this dynamic in the announcement.
“Aircraft manufacturers’ order books now stretch a decade or more into the future, and airlines rely on lessors with scale and aircraft delivery slots to grow their fleets. Avolon has one of the largest order books with Boeing and Airbus and thus enjoys significant benefits of scale.”
Avolon, a subsidiary of China‘s Bohai Leasing Co Ltd, recently solidified its delivery pipeline. On October 9, 2026, the lessor placed a firm order for 250 new-technology aircraft. That order included 140 Boeing 737 MAX aircraft and 110 Airbus aircraft, split between 75 A320neo family and 35 A330neo family jets. The transaction brought Avolon’s total order book to 749 aircraft. As of September 30, 2026, Avolon reported an owned, managed, and committed fleet of 1,092 aircraft, serving 138 airlines in 62 countries.
The new joint venture partners bring substantial financial weight to the platform. I Squared Capital is an independent global infrastructure investor headquartered in Miami with over $60 billion in assets under management. ADIA, established in 1976, is a globally diversified sovereign wealth fund investing on behalf of the Government of Abu Dhabi.
Khadem AlRemeithi, Executive Director of the Infrastructure Department at ADIA, described aircraft leasing as a resilient and growing sector supported by strong structural demand for modern aircraft.
Long-term growth ambitions
While the platform launches with a $1.4 billion portfolio, the partners intend to grow the venture significantly. According to reporting by Reuters, Constellation Aviation aims to scale its portfolio over time with ambitions to reach a $6 billion valuation.
The creation of Constellation Aviation mirrors other recent large-scale lessor partnerships designed to distribute capital risk. Reuters noted that the structure is similar to SMBC Aviation Capital’s deal last year to share the risk of acquiring U.S.-based rival Air Lease Corp for $7.4 billion with a group of investors via a newly established entity.
AirPro News analysis
The formation of Constellation Aviation highlights a continuing shift in how aircraft leasing is financed. By partnering with I Squared Capital and ADIA, Avolon is effectively utilizing a capital-light growth strategy. The lessor recently committed to 250 new aircraft in October, a massive capital expenditure. This joint venture allows Avolon to place those future deliveries into a managed vehicle where it earns servicing fees and retains a minority stake, without carrying the full debt burden on its own balance sheet.
Furthermore, the involvement of a major infrastructure fund like I Squared Capital underscores that modern commercial aircraft are increasingly viewed by institutional investors as core infrastructure assets rather than alternative investments. With Boeing and Airbus sold out for years, existing delivery slots and young, fuel-efficient aircraft are scarce commodities. Sovereign wealth funds and infrastructure managers are willing to deploy billions to secure the long-term, contracted yield these assets generate, provided they have an experienced servicer like Avolon to manage the technical and placement risks.
Photo Credit: Avolon
Aircraft Orders & Deliveries
AerCap Leases Two Boeing 777-300ERSF to Turkish Airlines
AerCap finalizes lease of two Boeing 777-300ERSF freighters to Turkish Airlines, with deliveries scheduled for 2027.

AerCap Holdings N.V. has finalized lease agreements with Turkish Airlines for two Boeing 777-300ERSF converted freighters, with deliveries scheduled between March and September 2027.
Announced on October 29, 2026, the transaction expands the Turkish flag carrier’s dedicated cargo capacity while utilizing Etihad Engineering’s maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) facility in Abu Dhabi for the passenger-to-freighter (P2F) modifications. In a press release detailing the agreement, the Dublin-based aviation lessor emphasized the strategic alignment between the aircraft’s capabilities and the airline’s expanding freight network.
Expanding Turkish Airlines’ cargo operations
The agreement builds on an existing relationship between AerCap and Turkish Airlines, which operates a large international network requiring substantial dedicated cargo lift. The addition of the two widebody freighters is intended to support the carrier’s volume requirements on high-demand international routes.
Peter Anderson, Chief Commercial Officer at AerCap, stated that the aircraft will provide the airline with additional cargo capacity combined with the performance capabilities specific to the 777-300ERSF platform. Financial terms of the lease agreements, including the exact lease duration and the specific aircraft serial numbers, were not disclosed in the announcement.
The Big Twin conversion program
The Boeing 777-300ERSF, marketed as “The Big Twin,” is a P2F conversion program developed through a joint venture between AerCap and Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI). It represents the first program designed to convert the Boeing 777-300ER into a dedicated freighter configuration.
According to AerCap’s cargo division, the 777-300ERSF offers 25 percent more cargo volume than the factory-built Boeing 777-200LRF. This increased capacity positions the converted twin-engine aircraft as a cost-effective replacement for aging four-engine Boeing 747 freighters currently operating in the global fleet.
AerCap delivered the first 777-300ERSF to launch customer Kalitta Air in September 2025. Since that initial delivery, the lessor has handed over aircraft to Fly Meta and secured lease agreements with other major operators, including Ethiopian Airlines and China Southern Group.
Regional conversion strategy in Abu Dhabi
The physical conversion of the two aircraft destined for Turkish Airlines will be executed at the Etihad Engineering MRO hub in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. This facility serves as a dedicated regional conversion center for the 777-300ERSF program.
Anderson highlighted the strategic importance of the location, noting that the Abu Dhabi facility provides a regional platform capability that enables aircraft to be converted in the Middle East prior to delivery. This localized approach is designed to efficiently serve customers across the Europe, Middle East, and Africa (EMEA) market.
“The dedicated 777-300ERSF conversion facility at Etihad Engineering’s MRO hub in Abu Dhabi provides an important regional platform capability, enabling the aircraft to be converted in the Middle East ahead of delivery to Turkish Airlines,” Anderson said.
AerCap’s broader market position
The Turkish Airlines agreement follows a period of strong financial performance for AerCap. On October 28, 2026, the company reported its third-quarter financial results, citing record adjusted earnings per share and raising its full-year 2026 guidance amid high lease rates and sustained demand for aviation assets.
As of September 30, 2026, AerCap’s total portfolio included 1,537 owned and managed aircraft, alongside approximately 1,300 engines and over 300 helicopters. The company’s dedicated cargo division manages a fleet of approximately 110 owned, managed, and on-order freighters, having completed more than 160 passenger-to-freighter conversions to date.
AirPro News analysis
We view the placement of 777-300ERSF aircraft with a major network carrier like Turkish Airlines as a strong validation of the Big Twin program’s economic proposition. As operators look to phase out older Boeing 747 freighters, the 25 percent volume advantage over the 777-200LRF makes the converted 300ER an attractive middle ground between factory-built twin-engine freighters and legacy four-engine platforms. Utilizing the Etihad Engineering facility in Abu Dhabi for a European customer also demonstrates the logistical efficiency of AerCap’s decentralized conversion strategy, reducing ferry times and regional friction for EMEA operators.
Photo Credit: AerCap
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