Technology & Innovation
Collins Aerospace Begins Hybrid-Electric Powertrain Testing for Clean Aviation
Collins Aerospace initiates testing of hybrid-electric propulsion systems at The Grid lab for the EU Clean Aviation SWITCH project to reduce emissions and improve efficiency.
This article is based on an official press release from RTX / Collins Aerospace.
On March 16, 2026, Collins Aerospace, an RTX business, announced a major milestone in sustainable aviation by initiating testing for its electric motor drive systems. According to the official press release, this testing is a core component of the European Union’s Clean Aviation SWITCH project, which aims to revolutionize propulsion for future Commercial-Aircraft.
The testing is currently underway at “The Grid,” the company’s advanced electric power systems laboratory located in Rockford, Illinois. This phase marks a critical step in the development of hybrid-electric Propulsion technologies, which are designed to significantly reduce emissions and improve fuel efficiency for future short- and medium-range commercial aircraft.
As the aviation industry faces mounting pressure to decarbonize, hybrid-electric systems offer a viable near-to-medium-term solution. By transitioning from theoretical design to physical megawatt-class testing, Collins Aerospace and its European partners are moving hybrid-electric commercial flight closer to reality.
The current testing phase focuses on an integrated hybrid-electric powertrain subsystem. According to the company’s announcement, this subsystem includes two megawatt-class motor generators, advanced controllers, and comprehensive power distribution systems. Following successful validation, these key subsystems will be integrated into a hybrid-electric Pratt & Whitney GTF engine demonstrator for the next phase of testing.
“The Grid,” where these tests are being conducted, is a $50 million, 25,000-square-foot facility that officially opened in October 2023. Designed with an initial test capability of 8 megawatts, enough to power a small town, the lab allows engineers to evaluate full propulsion systems in real-world configurations rather than isolating individual components.
“The start of powertrain subsystem testing is a key step towards demonstrating the potential of applying more electric systems to future commercial aircraft. Hybrid-electric technology has the potential to transform aviation by enabling greater fuel efficiency across multiple future platforms, including next generation single-aisle aircraft.” The SWITCH project, standing for Sustainable Water-Injecting Turbofan Comprising Hybrid-Electrics, is a major initiative funded by the European Union under the Clean Aviation Joint Undertaking. The consortium is coordinated by MTU Aero Engines AG and includes major aerospace players such as Pratt & Whitney, Collins Aerospace, GKN Aerospace, Airbus, and various European research institutions.
The project’s primary objective is to develop a novel propulsion concept that merges hybrid-electric propulsion with Water-Enhanced Turbofan (WET) technology and Pratt & Whitney’s GTF engine architecture. The SWITCH powertrain is a testament to cross-border aerospace collaboration. Components were developed across multiple European research and development facilities before arriving in Illinois for testing. Collins Aerospace designed and produced the megawatt-class electric motors and controllers in Solihull, UK, while the power distribution components, including a solid-state power controller and distribution panel, were designed in Nördlingen, Germany. Additionally, GKN Aerospace developed and built the high-voltage electrical wiring interconnection system (EWIS) in Papendrecht, Netherlands.
The environmental targets for the SWITCH project are ambitious. The initiative aims to improve fuel burn and energy consumption by 20% while achieving a 50% reduction in the climate impact of both NOx emissions and contrails compared to current state-of-the-art engines. Furthermore, the technologies are being designed to be fully compatible with 100% drop-in Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) and will be evaluated for future use with Hydrogen.
The Clean Aviation Joint Undertaking targets reducing CO2 emissions of short-to-medium-range aircraft by no less than 30%, and regional aircraft by 50%. While fully electric aircraft remain limited by battery weight and energy density, hybrid-electric systems optimize the performance of fuel-burning gas turbines during energy-intensive phases of flight, such as takeoff, significantly reducing overall fuel consumption.
We view the progression of the SWITCH project as a vital indicator of the aerospace sector’s pragmatic approach to decarbonization. By focusing on hybrid-electric architectures for single-aisle aircraft, RTX and its partners are acknowledging the current limitations of battery technology while still pushing for substantial, near-term efficiency gains. The integration of these systems into the proven GTF engine architecture suggests a clear pathway to commercialization, rather than a purely experimental endeavor. Furthermore, RTX’s broader strategy, which includes the hybrid-electric flight demonstrator for regional turboprops and the PioneerLab project, underscores a diversified, multi-platform commitment to electrification.
SWITCH (Sustainable Water-Injecting Turbofan Comprising Hybrid-Electrics) is an EU-funded initiative aiming to combine hybrid-electric propulsion with Water-Enhanced Turbofan technology to reduce aviation emissions.
Testing is taking place at “The Grid,” a $50 million, 8-megawatt advanced electric power systems laboratory located in Rockford, Illinois.
The project targets a 20% improvement in fuel burn and energy consumption, and a 50% reduction in the climate impact of NOx emissions and contrails compared to current engines.
Inside the Powertrain Testing at “The Grid”
Advancing Megawatt-Class Systems
, Kristin Smith, Vice President, Electric Power Systems at Collins Aerospace
The Clean Aviation SWITCH Project
A Collaborative European Initiative
Global Component Origins
Environmental Targets and Industry Impact
Pushing Toward Net-Zero
AirPro News analysis
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the SWITCH project?
Where is Collins Aerospace testing the powertrain?
What are the environmental goals of the SWITCH project?
Sources
Photo Credit: Collins Aerospace
Technology & Innovation
3M Partners with JetZero to Develop Fuel-Efficient Blended-Wing Airliner
3M invests in JetZero’s Z4 blended-wing body aircraft, targeting 50% fuel savings and a 2027 prototype flight for commercial service in the 2030s.
This article is based on an official press release from 3M.
Global materials science company 3M has announced a strategic collaboration and investment in JetZero, an aerospace startup developing the world’s first commercial all-wing body commercial aircraft. The partnership aims to accelerate the development of JetZero’s Z4 blended-wing body airliner, a design that promises to drastically reduce fuel consumption and reshape the future of commercial aviation.
According to a press release from 3M, the company participated in JetZero’s Series B funding round. The collaboration will leverage 3M’s extensive expertise in aerospace materials to address the unique engineering and manufacturing challenges associated with the Z4’s unconventional airframe.
By moving away from the traditional “tube-and-wing” architecture that has dominated commercial aviation for decades, JetZero and 3M are positioning themselves at the forefront of the industry’s push toward greater efficiency and sustainability.
The commercial aviation industry has long relied on the standard cylindrical fuselage with attached wings. JetZero’s Z4 aircraft disrupts this paradigm by integrating the wing and fuselage into a single, continuous aerodynamic shape known as a blended-wing body (BWB).
According to the 3M press release, this integrated structure generates significant aerodynamic improvements. The Z4 is designed to deliver up to a 50% reduction in fuel consumption compared to current commercial airliners, while also offering a significantly improved passenger experience.
Industry estimates and secondary reporting indicate that the Z4 is being designed to accommodate up to 250 passengers with a range of approximately 5,000 nautical miles, positioning it as a potential replacement for aging mid-market aircraft. The blended-wing design not only reduces drag but also increases lift, making it a critical component in the aviation sector’s goal to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050.
Developing a radically new airframe requires innovative approaches to manufacturing and structural integrity. 3M’s involvement goes beyond financial investment, providing JetZero with critical material science solutions across the aircraft’s development lifecycle. The official 3M release notes that the partnership will focus on integrating cutting-edge technologies into the Z4’s design. Specific areas of collaboration include lightning protection, structural assembly, and thermal acoustic solutions. These materials are essential for ensuring the safety, durability, and passenger comfort of the all-wing aircraft.
“3M looks forward to continued collaboration with our aerospace industry partners,” said Eric Forbes, vice president of aerospace and defense at 3M, in the company’s press release. “By combining JetZero’s visionary airframe with 3M’s deep expertise in materials science, we are leading the way to a more efficient, sustainable, and comfortable aircraft for the commercial aviation market.”
Furthermore, 3M stated that the technologies matured through this partnerships could also be adopted by existing commercialized aircraft, providing immediate efficiency gains for the broader aviation industry while the Z4 continues its development.
3M’s investment comes as part of JetZero’s broader Series B funding round. While the 3M release did not disclose the specific financial terms of its contribution, broader industry reporting confirms that JetZero recently secured approximately $175 million in Series B financing, bringing its total funding to over $1 billion.
This influx of capital, supported by 3M and other major aerospace players, is earmarked for the development of JetZero’s full-scale demonstrator prototype. The demonstrator is currently on track for its inaugural flight in 2027, a critical milestone that will validate the aerodynamic efficiency and manufacturing viability of the blended-wing design.
We note that the strategic backing of an established materials giant like 3M is a significant vote of confidence for JetZero. While blended-wing body concepts have been studied by NASA and the military for decades, we recognize that transitioning the design to the commercial market introduces complex certification and manufacturing hurdles. 3M’s expertise in structural assembly and thermal acoustics directly addresses some of the most challenging aspects of building a pressurized, passenger-carrying all-wing aircraft. If the 2027 demonstrator flight is successful, the Z4 could realistically target commercial entry into service in the early 2030s, offering airlines a step-change in operating economics.
A blended-wing body (BWB) aircraft integrates the fuselage and wings into a single, continuous aerodynamic shape, eliminating the traditional cylindrical tube. This design significantly reduces aerodynamic drag and increases lift, leading to lower fuel consumption.
According to JetZero and 3M, the Z4 is designed to deliver up to a 50% reduction in fuel consumption compared to conventional tube-and-wing commercial aircraft.
JetZero plans to fly a full-scale demonstrator prototype of the Z4 in 2027, with the goal of entering commercial service in the early 2030s. 3M is providing both financial investment (via JetZero’s Series B funding round) and material science expertise. This includes solutions for lightning protection, structural assembly, and thermal acoustics.
Breaking the Tube-and-Wing Mold
Advanced Materials for Next-Generation Flight
Series B Funding and Future Milestones
AirPro News analysis
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a blended-wing body aircraft?
How much fuel does the JetZero Z4 save?
When will the JetZero Z4 fly?
What is 3M providing to JetZero?
Sources
Photo Credit: 3M
Technology & Innovation
Xanadu and AMD Accelerate Aerospace Quantum Computing Simulations
Xanadu and AMD cut aerospace CFD simulation times 25x using hybrid quantum-classical computing ahead of Xanadu’s $3.6B SPAC merger.
This article is based on an official press release from Xanadu.
On March 10, 2026, Canadian quantum computing developer Xanadu and semiconductor manufacturers Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) announced a successful integration of hybrid quantum-classical computing aimed specifically at the aerospace and engineering sectors. According to the official press release, the collaboration utilized Xanadu’s PennyLane quantum software and AMD’s high-performance computing (HPC) infrastructure to execute complex Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations.
The joint demonstration yielded a 25-fold reduction in simulation time for a core quantum algorithm compared to traditional CPU setups. This technical milestone arrives at a pivotal moment for Xanadu, coinciding with the company’s impending public market debut via a $3.6 billion special purpose acquisition company (SPAC) merger, in which AMD serves as a lead strategic investor.
For aerospace engineers, CFD is a critical tool used to simulate how liquids and gases flow around aircraft. These massive calculations are essential for optimizing aerodynamic design, enhancing fuel efficiency, and meeting stringent climate goals. By proving that quantum algorithms can accelerate these workflows, Xanadu and AMD are laying the groundwork for the next generation of aerospace engineering.
The collaboration between Xanadu and AMD produced highly specific technical achievements that push the boundaries of current quantum simulation capabilities. According to the project’s technical data, the team successfully compiled and executed a CFD model containing 256×256 matrix elements. To process these fluid dynamics calculations, the hybrid program utilized 20 qubits and approximately 35 million quantum gates.
The most notable performance metric from the demonstration was the 25x speedup. By migrating the Quantum Singular Value Transformation (QSVT), a foundational algorithm for linear algebra in quantum computing, from a traditional CPU to a single AMD GPU, the simulation time was drastically reduced. This proves the viability of offloading specific, highly complex mathematical bottlenecks to quantum-optimized environments.
The experiment underscores that near-term quantum computing is not designed to replace classical computing, but rather to work alongside it. Using PennyLane’s Catalyst compiler, Xanadu translated a 68-qubit quantum circuit into more than 15 million hardware-optimized gates. This process prepares the software for future fault-tolerant quantum systems while executing on today’s advanced classical hardware via the AMD DevCloud.
“Seeing AMD high-performance compute boost the performance of PennyLane is a clear proof point of how quantum and classical technologies can effectively work together. This work further underscores the importance of seamless integration between classical and quantum computing,” stated Madhu Rangarajan, Corporate Vice President, Compute and Enterprise AI at AMD, in the official release.
Christian Weedbrook, Founder and CEO of Xanadu, echoed this sentiment, emphasizing the immediate industrial applications of the research. “Accelerating quantum applications for the aerospace industry requires close collaboration between quantum software and high-performance computing. Our partnership with AMD brings these capabilities together to address real engineering challenges today,” Weedbrook noted.
This technological breakthrough is deeply intertwined with significant financial movements for both organizations. Xanadu is currently finalizing a business combination with Crane Harbor Acquisition Corp. (Nasdaq: CHAC). According to financial filings, the deal values the combined company at a pro forma enterprise value of approximately $3.1 billion and a pro forma market capitalization of roughly $3.6 billion.
The transaction is expected to close by the end of the first quarter of 2026, with a special shareholder meeting scheduled for March 19, 2026. Upon closing, the combined entity will trade under the ticker symbol “XNDU” on both the Nasdaq and the Toronto Stock Exchange, positioning it as the first publicly traded pure-play photonic quantum computing company.
AMD’s involvement extends beyond providing HPC infrastructure. Market data confirms that AMD was recently named a lead strategic investor in a $275 million Private Investment in Public Equity (PIPE) financing package backing Xanadu’s SPAC merger. Following the announcement of the partnership and the spotlight on the upcoming merger, AMD’s stock rose by approximately 5.33% on March 10, 2026, reflecting positive investor sentiment regarding the chipmaker’s strategic positioning in the quantum sector.
We view this announcement as a critical validation of the “Quantum Utility” era. The industry currently operates in a transitional phase where physical quantum computers are not yet fully fault-tolerant. Therefore, the ability to simulate large-scale quantum circuits on powerful classical GPUs is a necessary stepping stone. It allows aerospace developers to write, test, and optimize quantum algorithms today, ensuring they are ready for deployment when physical quantum hardware matures.
Furthermore, this development represents the successful execution of theoretical work that has been years in the making. In January 2023, Xanadu announced a partnership with aerospace giant Rolls-Royce to co-develop QSVT algorithms specifically for aerospace applications. The integration with AMD hardware demonstrates that the theoretical algorithms developed alongside industry partners like Rolls-Royce can now be practically accelerated using hybrid infrastructure.
What is Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)? What is the QSVT algorithm? When is Xanadu going public?
Breaking Down the Technical Milestone
Accelerating Computational Fluid Dynamics
The Power of Hybrid Infrastructure
Financial Implications and Market Moves
Xanadu’s Path to the Public Market
AMD’s Strategic Positioning
AirPro News analysis
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
CFD is a branch of fluid mechanics that uses numerical analysis and data structures to analyze and solve problems involving fluid flows. In aerospace, it is used to simulate how air moves over an aircraft to optimize design and fuel efficiency.
The Quantum Singular Value Transformation (QSVT) is a core quantum algorithm used for linear algebra. It is highly efficient at solving complex mathematical matrices, making it ideal for the heavy calculations required in CFD.
Xanadu is expected to close its SPAC merger with Crane Harbor Acquisition Corp. (Nasdaq: CHAC) by the end of Q1 2026, following a special shareholder meeting on March 19, 2026. It will trade under the ticker “XNDU”.Sources
Photo Credit: Xanadu
Technology & Innovation
SkyDrive Secures JCAB Certification Plan for SD-05 eVTOL
SkyDrive reached an agreement with JCAB on the General Certification Plan for its SD-05 eVTOL, moving toward certification and a 2028 commercial launch.
This article is based on an official press release from SkyDrive Inc.
On March 9, 2026, Japanese electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) manufacturer SkyDrive Inc. announced a critical regulatory milestone. According to an official company press release, SkyDrive has reached an agreement with the Japan Civil Aviation Bureau (JCAB) regarding the General Certification Plan for its “SKYDRIVE” Model SD-05 aircraft. This agreement formally outlines the specific testing and compliance activities required to prove the aircraft’s safety and airworthiness.
By aligning with the Japanese government on how the aircraft will be evaluated, SkyDrive effectively transitions from the regulatory planning phase into the physical compliance testing phase. Company officials note that this development significantly de-risks the remainder of the certification process, keeping the manufacturer on track for its targeted commercial launch in 2028.
Concurrently, SkyDrive is pursuing validation with the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). According to the company’s timeline, an application was submitted to the FAA through the JCAB in June 2024, opening the door for simultaneous certification and future entry into the American advanced air mobility (AAM) market.
The type certification process is a rigorous, multi-year endeavor designed to ensure that new aircraft designs meet strict aviation safety standards. According to the company’s announcement, the agreement on the General Certification Plan represents Step 4 of the JCAB’s 6-step type certification process.
With the overarching plan now agreed upon, the government and the manufacturer are fully aligned on the methodologies that will be used to demonstrate compliance. SkyDrive has already submitted system-specific certification plans covering critical components such as the aircraft’s structure, electric motors, and noise profile. Once these specific plans are approved, the company will advance to Step 5, which involves rigorous physical compliance testing, including ground-based rig tests and comprehensive flight tests.
In the March 9 press release, SkyDrive’s Chief Technology Officer highlighted the rarity and importance of this regulatory advancement:
“Reaching agreement with JCAB on the General Certification Plan represents an extremely significant milestone for SkyDrive. The agreement, which shortens the projected timeline for compliance activities and reduces future risk, shows that we are on the right track for the certification of our Aircraft with the JCAB and FAA.”, Arnaud Coville, Chief Technology Officer, SkyDrive Inc.
The SkyDrive Model SD-05 is a compact, fully electric, multi-rotor aircraft engineered specifically for short-range urban and regional travel. Following a redesign in 2023, the production model is configured to accommodate one pilot and two passengers. According to technical specifications provided by the company, the SD-05 features 12 electric motors and 12 rotors arranged in six coaxial pairs, a design choice intended to provide high redundancy and flight stability. The aircraft boasts a maximum cruise speed of approximately 100 km/h (62 mph) and a practical flight range of 15 to 40 kilometers (9 to 25 miles), making it optimized for urban air taxi routes and premium point-to-point shuttles.
To ensure scalability, SkyDrive has partnered with automotive giant Suzuki Motor Corporation. Official company timelines indicate that the SD-05 officially entered production in March 2024 at a manufacturing facility owned by Suzuki, which serves as SkyDrive’s strategic production partner.
SkyDrive has maintained a highly active testing and demonstration schedule leading up to this certification milestone. In February 2025, the JCAB issued a “G-1 certification basis” for the SD-05, establishing the foundational airworthiness criteria. This was followed by high-profile demonstration flights at the World Expo 2025 in Osaka.
More recently, in late February 2026, SkyDrive conducted five days of public demonstration flights in the Tokyo Bay area in partnership with Mitsubishi Estate Co. and Kanematsu Corporation. These tests focused on passenger processing and vertiport infrastructure. Furthermore, on March 6, 2026, industry reports from Urban Air Mobility News confirmed that SkyDrive signed a Letter of Intent (LOI) with the aerospace study group MASC to supply two SD-05 aircraft in 2028 for aerial tourist routes over Japan’s Inland Sea.
During a February 2026 press conference regarding the MASC partnership, SkyDrive’s leadership emphasized the broader vision for the technology:
“As a new means of air mobility, we are confident that our eVTOLs will, in the near future, make a significant contribution to the growth of tourism… we work to launch our services in 2028 as a starting point toward the eventual regular daily use of eVTOL.”, Tomohiro Fukuzawa, Founder and CEO, SkyDrive Inc.
To facilitate this daily use, SkyDrive is actively collaborating with major Japanese railway operators to create seamless transit connections. The company envisions a system where passengers can transfer directly from trains to eVTOLs using standard transit IC cards, such as JR’s Suica.
We view this regulatory agreement as a critical “transition to reality” for the Japanese eVTOL sector. The advanced air mobility industry has long been characterized by conceptual renders and experimental prototypes. By securing JCAB approval on the General Certification Plan, SkyDrive is moving out of the experimental phase and into the realm of rigorous, government-mandated safety testing.
Furthermore, the strategic manufacturing alliance with Suzuki provides SkyDrive with a distinct advantage in production scalability, a hurdle that has historically challenged aerospace startups. While SkyDrive is clearly positioning Japan as a leader in AAM, its concurrent certification efforts with the FAA demonstrate a calculated ambition to capture a share of the lucrative U.S. market shortly after its domestic debut. The SD-05 is a fully electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft developed by Japanese manufacturer SkyDrive. It is designed to carry one pilot and two passengers, featuring 12 electric motors and a practical range of 15 to 40 kilometers.
According to the company’s official timeline, SkyDrive is firmly targeting the year 2028 for the launch of its commercial eVTOL services, which will include urban air taxi routes and tourism flights.
Reaching an agreement on the General Certification Plan (Step 4 of the JCAB’s 6-step process) means that the aviation regulator and the manufacturer have agreed on exactly how the aircraft will be tested to prove it meets all safety and legal requirements. It clears the way for physical ground and flight testing.
Sources:
SkyDrive Secures JCAB Agreement on General Certification Plan for SD-05 eVTOL
The Certification Pathway and Next Steps
Moving to Physical Compliance
The SD-05 Aircraft and Manufacturing Strategy
Technical Specifications and Production
Commercialization and Recent Milestones
Tourism and Transit Integration
AirPro News analysis
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the SkyDrive SD-05?
When will SkyDrive launch commercial services?
What does the General Certification Plan agreement mean?
Photo Credit: SkyDrive
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