Defense & Military
France’s Archange Electronic Warfare Aircraft Completes Maiden Flight
France’s Archange SIGINT aircraft, built on Falcon 8X, completes maiden flight enhancing electronic warfare capabilities for national and NATO defense.
France’s Archange Electronic Warfare Aircraft Makes First Flight: Strategic Implications and Technical Breakthroughs
On July 25, 2025, France’s Ministry of the Armed Forces announced the successful maiden flight of the Archange (Avion de Renseignement à CHArge utile de Nouvelle GEnération), a next-generation electronic warfare and signals intelligence (SIGINT) aircraft. Developed by Dassault Aviation and Thales, the Archange represents a critical advancement in France’s strategic reconnaissance capabilities, replacing the retired Transall C-160 Gabriel aircraft.
This milestone underscores France’s commitment to maintaining electromagnetic superiority in a rapidly shifting global security environment. With rising tensions in Eastern Europe and the increasing importance of electronic intelligence in modern warfare, the Archange program is a cornerstone of France’s broader defense modernization strategy.
Background: Evolution of France’s SIGINT Capabilities
The Legacy of the Transall C-160 Gabriel
The Archange program was conceived to fill the void left by the early retirement of France’s Transall C-160 Gabriel aircraft in 2022. These aircraft, operational since the late 1980s, were central to France’s SIGINT operations, conducting missions over conflict zones such as the Balkans and the Middle East.
As aging platforms, the Gabriels faced increasing maintenance challenges and limitations in integrating modern electronic warfare systems. Their retirement coincided with a period of heightened geopolitical instability, particularly following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, which emphasized the need for robust and timely intelligence capabilities.
The absence of a dedicated strategic SIGINT platform left a capability gap that interim solutions, such as Mirage 2000D aircraft with ASTAC pods and leased Saab 340s, could not fully address.
The ARCHANGE Program: Strategic Relevance
Launched in 2019 under France’s Military Programming Law (LPM) 2019–2025, the Archange program aims to modernize the country’s airborne intelligence-gathering infrastructure. The program involves the conversion of three Dassault Falcon 8X business jets into high-end SIGINT platforms equipped with Thales’ CUGE system (Capacité Universelle de Guerre Électronique).
The Falcon 8X was selected for its long-range capabilities, reliability, and adaptability. With a range of nearly 12,000 km, it allows for extended missions over contested or remote regions, providing France with a strategic reconnaissance tool capable of supporting both national and NATO operations.
The CUGE system is designed to detect, intercept, and analyze a wide spectrum of electromagnetic signals, including radar and communication emissions. It integrates AI to automate signal classification and threat identification, enhancing the speed and accuracy of intelligence processing.
Key Facts and Data: Technical Specifications and Program Details
Aircraft Specifications
The following table compares the Falcon 8X-based Archange with its predecessor, the C-160 Gabriel:
| Parameter | Falcon 8X (Archange) | Transall C-160 Gabriel |
|---|---|---|
| Length | 24.46 m | 32.4 m |
| Wingspan | 26.29 m | 40 m |
| Engines | 3 × Pratt & Whitney PW307D | 2 × Rolls-Royce Tyne |
| Max Speed | 953 km/h | 510 km/h |
| Range | 11,945 km | 5,000 km |
| Payload | CUGE system + sensors | SIGINT equipment |
The Archange’s advanced avionics, combined with the AI-powered CUGE system, provide a significant upgrade over the manually operated and analog systems found on the C-160 Gabriel.
One of the key enhancements is the use of multi-polarized antennas and machine learning algorithms to quickly identify, geolocate, and prioritize electromagnetic threats. This allows operators to act on real-time data during missions.
Additionally, the Falcon 8X’s modern cockpit and flight systems improve mission endurance and crew efficiency during long-duration operations.
“The CUGE system enables simultaneous detection and analysis of radar and communication signals, leveraging AI for automated data processing.”, Thales Group
Program Timeline and Costs
The Archange program was officially launched in December 2019 when Thales and Dassault Aviation were awarded the development contract. The goal was to deliver the first aircraft by 2025; however, the timeline has been extended, with full operational capability now expected by 2028.
The first prototype, registered as F-WWVS, completed its Maiden-Flight on July 17, 2025, from Bordeaux-Mérignac Airport. This milestone marks the transition from development to testing and validation phases.
While exact budget figures have not been disclosed, the program is part of a broader national investment in defense technology under the LPM 2019–2025 framework, which prioritizes electronic warfare and intelligence capabilities.
Recent Developments: Operational Readiness and Strategic Context
Bridging the Capability Gap
Following the retirement of the C-160 Gabriel fleet, France resorted to short-term measures to maintain its SIGINT capabilities. These included using Mirage 2000D fighters equipped with ASTAC pods and leasing Saab 340 aircraft from Sweden.
However, these platforms offered limited range and data processing capabilities compared to the strategic-level functionality envisioned for the Archange. The new aircraft aims to restore and enhance France’s ability to conduct long-range, high-altitude reconnaissance missions.
This restoration is particularly significant in the context of NATO operations on the alliance’s eastern flank, where electronic surveillance is a critical component of deterrence and situational awareness.
The Maiden Flight and Base Assignment
The successful first flight of the Archange prototype in July 2025 marks a major technical and symbolic achievement. The aircraft is scheduled to be stationed at Évreux-Fauville Air Base (BA 105), which will serve as the operational hub for the Archange fleet.
BA 105 is also home to the 1/54 Dunkerque Electronic Warfare Squadron, which will operate the new aircraft. In parallel, a ground-based training platform is being developed to support crew readiness and mission simulation.
Operational deployment of the first aircraft is expected by 2028, with all three units in service by 2030, fully replacing the Gabriel fleet.
Expert Opinions: Industry and Government Perspectives
Industry Contributions: Thales and Dassault
Thales has emphasized that the CUGE system represents a leap forward in electronic warfare capabilities, integrating AI and advanced signal processing to meet evolving threats. The system is designed to adapt to new signal types and jamming techniques, ensuring long-term relevance.
Dassault Aviation has highlighted the Falcon 8X’s performance, including its digital flight deck (EASY) and FalconEye vision system, which improves situational awareness during complex missions.
Both companies have praised the collaborative development process, which involved close coordination with the French Directorate General of Armaments (DGA) and the Air and Space Force.
Government Statements and Strategic Vision
French Minister of the Armed Forces Sébastien Lecornu publicly stated that the Archange would “detect communication signals and radar emissions at the highest standards,” reinforcing France’s sovereignty in intelligence gathering.
The DGA described the first flight as a “culmination of several years of collective commitment,” reflecting the strategic importance of the program to national defense.
Officials have also noted the platform’s potential role in supporting NATO missions and contributing to collective defense in Europe.
Global and Industry Context: Trends in Military ISR Platforms
Business Jets as ISR Platforms
The Archange is part of a broader trend among NATO countries to convert business jets into intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) platforms. These conversions offer advantages in cost, range, and modularity.
For example, Italy has adopted the EA-37B Compass Call, based on the Gulfstream G550, for long-range electronic warfare missions. Similarly, France is integrating the Saab GlobalEye for airborne early warning roles.
These platforms allow for rapid upgrades and integration of cutting-edge sensors, making them suitable for evolving mission requirements.
Strategic Role in NATO and European Defense
The Archange enhances France’s ability to contribute to NATO’s intelligence architecture, particularly in regions where persistent surveillance is critical. Its long-range capabilities make it suitable for missions over the Baltic, Black Sea, and Eastern Europe.
Additionally, the program reflects France’s ambition to strengthen European defense autonomy by reducing reliance on U.S.-made platforms like the RC-135 or EA-18G Growler.
The integration of the Archange into European defense networks, such as the Future Combat Air System (SCAF), is expected to further enhance interoperability and data-sharing capabilities across allied forces.
Conclusion
The Archange program represents a significant advancement in France’s electronic warfare and SIGINT capabilities. By replacing the aging C-160 Gabriels with modern, AI-enabled platforms, France is positioning itself to meet the demands of modern conflict environments.
As the aircraft enters testing and prepares for operational deployment, its role in national and NATO defense strategies will likely expand. Continued investment in training, integration, and AI development will be key to realizing its full potential.
FAQ
What is the Archange aircraft?
The Archange is a French SIGINT and electronic warfare aircraft based on the Dassault Falcon 8X, developed to replace the retired C-160 Gabriel.
What systems does the Archange use?
It uses the CUGE system developed by Manufacturers, which includes AI-driven signal processing and multi-polarized antennas for electronic intelligence gathering.
When will the Archange become operational?
The first flight occurred in July 2025, with full operational capability expected by 2028–2030.
Sources:
Milmag,
Army Recognition,
The Aviationist,
Overt Defense,
C4ISRNET,
Thales,
Ministère des Armées,
Army Recognition (Italy),
Dassault Falcon
Photo Credit: Army Recognition
Defense & Military
Hermeus Unveils Ramjet-X Air-Launched High-Mach Test Vehicle
Hermeus introduced Ramjet-X on Sept 9, 2026, an air-launched test vehicle for high-Mach flight testing, backed by a $219M DIU contract.
Hermeus unveiled Ramjet-X on September 9, 2026, introducing an expendable, air-launched test vehicle designed to lower the cost of high-Mach flight testing. The system will be deployed from the company’s reusable Quarterhorse Commercial-Aircraft, eliminating the need for traditional rocket boosters to reach ignition speeds.
In a press release issued on September 9, 2026, the venture-backed defense aviation company detailed its plans to offer “Flight Test as a Service” (FTaaS). By utilizing the Quarterhorse as a reusable first stage, Hermeus aims to provide a scalable platform for testing payloads, sensors, and materials in sustained high-Mach environments. Integrated vehicle testing for Ramjet-X is scheduled to begin in 2027.
Architecture and testing strategy
Ramjet engines require significant initial speed to ignite and operate effectively. Historically, this has necessitated the use of expensive, expendable rocket boosters for each test flight. Hermeus is bypassing this requirement by using its Quarterhorse aircraft to carry and launch Ramjet-X at high speeds and altitudes.
According to reporting by Aviation Week, the Quarterhorse program is advancing through a series of iterative vehicles, including the Mk 2.1, Mk 2.2, and Mk 2.3 variants. The Mk 2.1 recently demonstrated the ability to release a missile-like store during flight, validating the air-launch concept required for Ramjet-X. The follow-on Mk 2.2 is expected to reach speeds of Mach 2 or greater.
“High-speed flight testing is extremely expensive, and you don’t get many shots at it,” Hermeus Chief Executive Officer Zach Shore stated in the press release. “Ramjet-X gives us a way to put new systems into sustained high-Mach environments without building an expensive one-off test program every time.”
Corporate expansion and defense contracts
The Ramjet-X announcement follows a period of significant growth for Hermeus. Earlier in 2026, the company achieved a post-money valuation of $1 billion and relocated its headquarters from Georgia to El Segundo, California, according to Axios. High-temperature structures for Ramjet-X are currently in development at the new El Segundo facility, while ramjet engine testing is underway at the Hermeus HEAT facility in Jacksonville, Florida.
The company’s high-speed testing initiatives are supported by the United States Department of Defense. On May 28, 2026, Hermeus received a $159 million Contracts extension from the Defense Innovation Unit (DIU), bringing the total ceiling value of the award to $219 million. This funding supports the development of a high-speed, uncrewed testbed aircraft.
Shore noted in the company statement that combining speed, sustained flight, and scalability into a single system lowers the barriers to gathering data in extreme conditions. This architecture is intended to accelerate development timelines for both Hermeus and its commercial and government customers.
AirPro News analysis
We view the Ramjet-X program as a pragmatic stepping stone in Hermeus’ broader ambition to field operational hypersonic aircraft. By decoupling the high-Mach testbed from the launch vehicle, the company is adopting a modular approach that mitigates the financial risks associated with expendable rocket boosters. If the 2027 integrated flight tests are successful, the FTaaS model could disrupt the current high-speed testing market, which is currently bottlenecked by limited infrastructure and high per-flight costs. The recent $219 million DIU contract ceiling indicates strong institutional interest in expanding domestic high-Mach testing capacity.
Sources: Hermeus
Photo Credit: Hermeus
Defense & Military
Netherlands Signs Intent to Procure Saab GlobalEye AEW&C
Netherlands and Sweden sign a Letter of Intent for a Dutch Saab GlobalEye aircraft, with delivery expected in 2031.
The Netherlands Ministry of Defence and the Swedish Defence Materiel Administration (FMV) signed a Letter of Intent on September 10, 2026, for the Dutch procurement of a Saab GlobalEye Airborne Early Warning and Control (AEW&C) aircraft. The agreement establishes a framework for the Netherlands to build an independent long-range surveillance capability while contributing to a shared operational pool with the Swedish Air Force.
In a press release issued on September 10, 2026, Saab AB confirmed the agreement, noting that a formal contract and firm order have not yet been finalized. The procurement aligns with a broader North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) initiative to replace the alliance’s aging Boeing E-3A Sentry Airborne Warning and Control System (AWACS) fleet, which is scheduled for retirement in 2035.
Transitioning from the E-3A Sentry to GlobalEye
The Dutch military currently relies on the NATO E-3A Sentry fleet for airborne surveillance. The acquisition of a dedicated GlobalEye will allow the Netherlands to operate more independently. According to the Netherlands Ministry of Defence, Dutch crews are scheduled to begin training on Swedish GlobalEye aircraft in 2028, with the Delivery of the Dutch aircraft expected in 2031.
The Dutch aircraft will join a shared pool with three Swedish GlobalEye aircraft. Swedish Minister for Defence Pål Jonson stated that the agreement deepens defense cooperation between the two nations, allowing them to take on greater responsibility for collective European defense.
The GlobalEye system utilizes a Bombardier Global 6000/6500 business jet airframe equipped with Saab’s Erieye Extended Range (ER) active electronically scanned array (AESA) Radar-Systems. The system is designed to track air, maritime, and land targets at extended ranges.
Micael Johansson, President and CEO of Saab, highlighted the strategic value of the platform for the region:
“The system will provide enhanced situational awareness and early warning capabilities across multiple domains, while also strengthening NATO’s ability to operate in an increasingly complex security environment. GlobalEye will enable the Netherlands to detect threats earlier, respond faster, and strengthen both national and collective defence.”
NATO’s shifting airborne surveillance strategy
The Dutch Letter of Intent follows a July 7, 2026, agreement among 11 NATO allies, including the Netherlands and Sweden, to jointly procure up to 10 GlobalEye aircraft. This joint procurement is intended to replace the 14 Boeing E-3A Sentry aircraft that have been in service since 1982.
The selection of the Saab GlobalEye represents a pivot in European defense procurement. In November 2025, European NATO partners canceled plans to acquire the Boeing E-7A Wedgetail. The cancellation occurred after the United States Air Force removed the E-7A from its fiscal 2026 spending plan, prompting European nations to prioritize investment in European aerospace industry solutions.
AirPro News analysis
We view the Dutch commitment to the Saab GlobalEye as a critical step in solidifying Europe’s defense industrial base. The collapse of the Boeing E-7A Wedgetail procurement for European NATO members created a vacuum that Saab has successfully filled. By establishing a shared pool of AEW&C assets between the Netherlands and Sweden, European Air-Forces are moving toward a more integrated, interoperable surveillance network. This model reduces the financial burden on individual nations while maintaining the continuous airborne early warning coverage required in the current geopolitical environment.
Sources: Saab
Photo Credit: Saab
Defense & Military
Kawasaki Heavy Industries and EdgeCortix Sign AI Defense Deal
Kawasaki Heavy Industries and EdgeCortix ink a multi-year deal to develop edge AI systems for aerial defense platforms.
Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. and EdgeCortix Inc. have signed a multi-year teaming agreement valued at several million dollars to develop next-generation AI systems for aerial defense platforms. Announced on September 8, 2026, the partnership aims to embed low-latency, energy-efficient AI computing directly onto aerospace mission systems.
According to a press release issued by EdgeCortix, the initial program scope will run from 2026 to 2028. The collaboration focuses on enabling real-time sensor fusion, object recognition, and threat assessment at the point of data generation, reducing the reliance on tactical data links in contested airspace.
Integrating AI into constrained aerospace environments
The joint development targets a critical challenge in modern aerial defense: processing massive amounts of sensor data in environments with strict power and thermal limitations. By processing data at the edge, the systems allow aircraft and uncrewed platforms to operate effectively even when communication networks are bandwidth-constrained or degraded by electronic warfare.
The program will integrate EdgeCortix’s proprietary technology stack alongside the systems engineering expertise of the Defense & Aerospace Business Division at Kawasaki Heavy Industries. The hardware and software integration includes the EdgeCortix SAKURA-II artificial intelligence coprocessor, the MERA compiler and software framework, and the company’s Dynamic Neural Accelerator architecture.
“Next-generation aerial defense platforms will require substantial AI computing capability within tightly constrained power, thermal and operational envelopes,” said Dr. Sakyasingha Dasgupta, Founder and CEO of EdgeCortix Inc. “By combining Kawasaki’s deep aerospace and systems engineering expertise with our chiplet-based AI architecture and MERA software platform, we intend to accelerate the development of intelligent, adaptive and energy-efficient mission systems.”
Recent validations and program timeline
The initial phase of the strategic program encompasses technology development, feasibility studies, system integration, and the creation of prototype platforms. The agreement represents a significant commercial milestone for the Kanagawa, Japan-based AI firm, expanding its footprint in the defense sector.
EdgeCortix enters the Kawasaki Heavy Industries partnership following a series of successful technology validations by United States government entities. On June 30, 2026, the company received a Success Memorandum from the U.S. Defense Innovation Unit (DIU) after demonstrating the SAKURA-II platform in flight with the U.S. Air Force. Earlier in the year, on January 6, 2026, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) validated the same accelerator for radiation resiliency, clearing the hardware for potential use in orbital and lunar missions.
AirPro News analysis
We view this teaming agreement as a strong indicator of the aerospace industry’s shift toward edge computing. As aerial platforms generate increasingly unmanageable volumes of high-fidelity sensor data, transmitting that information back to ground stations or command aircraft for processing introduces latency and exposes tactical networks to interception or jamming.
By partnering with a specialized edge AI firm rather than relying solely on traditional defense prime contractors for computing architecture, Kawasaki Heavy Industries is positioning itself to field autonomous and semi-autonomous systems capable of localized, real-time decision making. The recent validations of EdgeCortix hardware by the U.S. Air Force and NASA likely provided the technical de-risking necessary for Kawasaki to commit to a multi-year integration program.
Sources: EdgeCortix Inc.
Photo Credit: EdgeCortix Inc.
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