Defense & Military
MAFFS-equipped C-130 Aircraft Deployed to Combat Los Angeles Wildfires

The Role of MAFFS-equipped C-130 Aircraft in Firefighting
Wildfires in Los Angeles have become increasingly severe, posing significant threats to both urban and rural areas. The U.S. Northern Command’s activation of eight C-130 aircraft equipped with Modular Aerial Fire Fighting Systems (MAFFS) on January 10, 2025, marks a critical intervention in combating these devastating fires. This deployment underscores the importance of military resources in supplementing civilian firefighting capabilities, especially during periods of high demand.
The MAFFS system, a collaboration between the U.S. Forest Service and the Department of Defense, has been a vital tool since its inception in 1971. Designed to be loaded into C-130 aircraft without structural modifications, MAFFS allows these military planes to function as aerial firefighting tankers. This integration highlights the adaptability and readiness of military units to support civil authorities in managing large-scale emergencies.
Activation and Deployment
On January 10, 2025, U.S. Northern Command activated eight C-130 aircraft equipped with MAFFS to support firefighting efforts in the Los Angeles area. These aircraft were relocated from their home stations to the Channel Islands in Southern California. The participating units include the 146th Airlift Wing in California, 152nd Airlift Wing and 192nd Airlift Squadron in Nevada, 153rd Airlift Wing and 187th Airlift Squadron in Wyoming, and the 302nd Airlift Wing and 731st Airlift Squadron in Colorado.
Some of the aircraft were operational starting January 10, with all expected to be ready by or before January 12. The California Guard is also activating ground firefighting teams and military police companies to assist local law enforcement and emergency response efforts. This comprehensive approach ensures a robust response to the wildfires.
General Gregory Guillot, Commander of U.S. Northern Command, emphasized the importance of this mission: “Providing support to civil authorities is a valued part of our homeland defense mission. We’re well-practiced and in position to support the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), National Interagency Firefighting Center (NIFC), and the state of California to assist the many citizens in need.”
“Providing support to civil authorities is a valued part of our homeland defense mission. We’re well-practiced and in position to support the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), National Interagency Firefighting Center (NIFC), and the state of California to assist the many citizens in need.” – General Gregory Guillot, Commander of U.S. Northern Command
Capabilities and Impact
Each MAFFS-equipped C-130 can drop up to 3,000 gallons of fire retardant in less than 10 seconds across a quarter-mile line. The retardant consists of 80 to 85% water, mixed with 10-15% ammonium sulfate, a gelling agent, and red coloring. The red coloring helps pilots to see where previous loads have been dropped, and the retardant disperses as a mist, preventing damage to buildings.
The aircraft can be refilled and airborne again in less than 20 minutes after landing, ensuring rapid and continuous firefighting operations. This capability is crucial in managing established fires, although the MAFFS aircraft are not Initial Attack (IA) qualified and require an Aerial Supervision Module/Lead Plane to conduct drops. This tends to limit their use to established fires, while commercial airtankers can be dispatched to fight new fires.
David Haston, Chair of the National Multi-Agency Coordination Group (NMAC), highlighted the significance of this deployment: “We’re grateful to our military partners for answering the call to assist with such devastating wildfires. These aircraft will provide important capacity to aerial firefighting efforts on the fires in and around Los Angeles.”
Conclusion
The activation of MAFFS-equipped C-130 aircraft by U.S. Northern Command demonstrates the critical role of military assets in supplementing civilian firefighting capabilities. This deployment not only provides immediate relief to the raging fires in Los Angeles but also underscores the importance of interagency cooperation and the readiness of military units to adapt to various emergency situations.
Looking forward, the integration of military resources in disaster response is likely to become more prevalent as wildfires and other large-scale emergencies continue to pose significant threats. The MAFFS system, with its rapid and efficient fire retardant delivery, will remain a vital tool in the arsenal of firefighting efforts, ensuring the protection of both urban and rural areas from devastating wildfires.
FAQ
Question: What is the MAFFS system?
Answer: The Modular Aerial Fire Fighting System (MAFFS) is a portable fire retardant delivery system that can be loaded into C-130 aircraft without structural modifications, enabling these military planes to function as aerial firefighting tankers.
Question: How much fire retardant can a MAFFS-equipped C-130 drop?
Answer: Each MAFFS-equipped C-130 can drop up to 3,000 gallons of fire retardant in less than 10 seconds across a quarter-mile line.
Question: What units are involved in the MAFFS deployment?
Answer: The participating units include the 146th Airlift Wing in California, 152nd Airlift Wing and 192nd Airlift Squadron in Nevada, 153rd Airlift Wing and 187th Airlift Squadron in Wyoming, and the 302nd Airlift Wing and 731st Airlift Squadron in Colorado.
Sources: U.S. Northern Command, Keyt News, National Interagency Firefighting Center, U.S. Army, U.S. Air Force
Defense & Military
L3Harris Completes First 35 Viper Shield Production Units
L3Harris reaches a production milestone for the AN/ALQ-254(V)1 Viper Shield, with 233 units on backlog for eight allied F-16 operators.

L3Harris Technologies has completed manufacturing the first 35 production units of its Viper Shield electronic warfare system, initiating a production ramp-up to fulfill a 233-unit backlog for international F-16 Fighting Falcon operators.
In a press release issued on September 3, 2026, the company announced the milestone at its Clifton, New Jersey, facility. The event also marked the assembly of the first external pod configuration utilizing production-standard hardware. The AN/ALQ-254(V)1 Viper Shield currently stands as the only F-16 electronic warfare suite in active production.
Fulfilling the international backlog
L3Harris is scaling operations to meet demand from eight allied nations that have collectively ordered 233 Viper Shield systems. These international operators have contributed to a $1 billion shared investment funding the development, laboratory testing, flight testing, and current production of the suite.
“The foreign investment is funding development, lab testing, flight testing and current production of Viper Shield systems, which presents the United States with a savings opportunity to avoid upfront costs,” said Chris Aebli, President, Communications & Spectrum Dominance, L3Harris.
Aebli noted that this shared investment means the U.S. Air-Forces and Air National Guard could benefit from joining the program without bearing the initial development burden.
Recent flight testing and fleet integration
The production milestone follows a series of recent technical and commercial validations for the Viper Shield program. On August 5, 2026, L3Harris reported the completion of two-ship flight testing at Edwards Air Force Base in California. During these tests, F-16C and F-16D models flew together with Viper Shield hardware to validate the digital architecture and real-time response capabilities in multi-aircraft scenarios.
Shortly after the Edwards Air Force Base tests, the government of Peru officially selected the Viper Shield system on August 18, 2026, for its incoming F-16 Block 70 fleet. The system is designed to be fully interoperable with the APG-83 Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar, a standard component of the Block 70/72 configuration and a common upgrade for legacy F-16 airframes.
AirPro News analysis
We note that L3Harris is leveraging international procurement to mature the Viper Shield system before heavily marketing it to domestic operators. By relying on foreign military sales to fund the $1 billion development and testing phase, the manufacturer has effectively de-risked the AN/ALQ-254(V)1 for the U.S. Air Force and Air National Guard. As legacy F-16 fleets undergo radar upgrades to the APG-83 AESA, the interoperability of the Viper Shield positions it as a logical bolt-on enhancement for operators looking to modernize their electronic warfare capabilities without funding a clean-sheet development program.
Sources: L3Harris Technologies
Photo Credit: L3Harris Technologies
Defense & Military
Hermeus Selects Anduril Lattice for Quarterhorse Mk 2
Hermeus partners with Anduril to integrate Lattice autonomy software into the Mach 3 Quarterhorse Mk 2, targeting autonomous flight in 2027.

Hermeus has selected Anduril Industries to integrate the Lattice for Mission Autonomy software into the Quarterhorse Mk 2 high-speed uncrewed aircraft, marking Anduril’s first commercial agreement to supply its autonomy solution for a third-party Group 5 platform.
Announced in a joint press release on September 3, 2026, the partnership aims to achieve the first autonomous flight of the Quarterhorse Mk 2 in 2027. The integration aligns with the United States Air Force (USAF) Collaborative Combat Aircraft (CCA) program’s push for modular systems, demonstrating that advanced hardware and software can be developed independently and combined for high-Mach environments.
Advancing high-Mach autonomous capabilities
The Quarterhorse program, supported by funding from the Pentagon’s Defense Innovation Unit (DIU), targets speeds of Mach 3. Hermeus has maintained an aggressive development timeline, flying its first aircraft in 2025 and reaching supersonic speeds with the Quarterhorse Mk 2.1 exactly 364 days later. The company is currently preparing to fly the Mk 2.2 variant, which was constructed in under a year.
Anduril’s Lattice Software will serve as the core mission planning and execution engine for the Mk 2. Operators will interface with the aircraft using Anduril’s Menace-T command, control, communications, and computing (C4) solution. This system is already utilized by USAF operators to generate sorties with semi-autonomous aircraft.
Speaking to Breaking Defense, Hermeus Chief Executive Officer Zach Shore explained the operational necessity of the Partnerships and the need for scalable command-and-control systems.
“We now need to automate a lot of those flight controls. I want to be able to push a button, have the aircraft spin up, have the aircraft auto takeoff, all those basic features that allow one person to manage multiple platforms,” Shore told the publication.
Validating modular architecture for the CCA program
The agreement serves as a practical application of the Autonomy Government Reference Architecture (A-GRA) standard. By separating the airframe development from the autonomy software, the partnership mirrors the acquisition strategy of the USAF CCA program.
Anduril noted in its September 3 press release that the Hermeus contract validates this focus on modularity. Establishing a common standard ensures cross-compatibility between disparate hardware and software systems, which the company states will accelerate the deployment of autonomous Military-Aircraft.
Brett Darcey, Anduril’s General Manager and Vice President for Mission Autonomy in Air Dominance and Strike, emphasized the maturity of the integration in comments to Breaking Defense.
“We really want to emphasize the fullness of the stack. This isn’t just a mission autonomy science project. This is really readying the Quarterhorse for [autonomous operations],” Darcey stated.
AirPro News analysis
We view this integration as a critical test case for the Pentagon’s broader uncrewed Aviation strategy. If Anduril’s Lattice can successfully manage a third-party airframe operating at Mach 3, it will prove that the A-GRA standard is viable for extreme flight envelopes, not just subsonic loyal wingman platforms. The 2027 flight test will be a major milestone for both companies, potentially opening the door for Anduril to market its autonomy stack to other aerospace Manufacturers while allowing Hermeus to focus entirely on its high-speed propulsion and aerodynamic challenges.
Sources: Anduril Industries
Photo Credit: Anduril Industries
Defense & Military
MAFFS Surpasses One Million Gallons in 2026 Fire Season
Military MAFFS crews delivered over 1.07M gallons of fire retardant by Aug 31, 2026, exceeding the totals of the previous two years.

Military-Aircraft aircrews operating the Modular Airborne Fire Fighting System (MAFFS) surpassed one million gallons of fire retardant delivered across the western United States on August 28, 2026, underscoring the severity of a wildfire season that has already eclipsed the total aerial firefighting volumes of the previous two years.
According to an official release from the U.S. National Guard on September 2, 2026, the running total of retardant dropped by MAFFS-equipped Lockheed C-130 Hercules aircraft reached 1,070,017 gallons by August 31. The program provides critical surge capacity for the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) and the National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC) when commercial and federal contract airtankers are fully committed to existing incidents.
Surge capacity in a demanding fire season
The 2026 season ranks among the busiest of the past decade for military aerial firefighting units. The current volume of 1,070,017 gallons significantly exceeds the 410,810 gallons delivered in all of 2025 and the 871,205 gallons dropped in 2024.
While 2026 has seen elevated activity, the busiest MAFFS season of the past decade remains 2021, which saw 2,583,204 gallons delivered, followed by 1,350,298 gallons in 2020. With weeks potentially remaining in the current fire season, the final 2026 figures are expected to climb further.
Col. Jason Little, Commander of the MAFFS Air Expeditionary Group, emphasized the program’s role in supporting civilian agencies during periods of high demand.
“We serve as a surge capability, and our responsibility is to be as prepared and effective as possible when called upon,” Little stated. “We do our best to integrate seamlessly with the federal and state agencies committed to wildland firefighting.”
Multi-unit military coordination
The MAFFS mission requires coordination across multiple military branches and state lines. Operations for the 2026 season are being coordinated from Reno, Nevada, drawing on resources from across the western United States.
The effort comprises crews from the 146th Airlift Wing of the California Air National Guard, the 152nd Airlift Wing of the Nevada Air National Guard, the 153rd Airlift Wing of the Wyoming Air National Guard, and the 302nd Airlift Wing of the Air Force Reserve Command based in Colorado. These units operate C-130 aircraft fitted with specialized MAFFS roll-on/roll-off equipment, allowing standard tactical airlifters to function temporarily as heavy airtankers.
AirPro News analysis
The rapid accumulation of MAFFS flight hours and retardant drops in 2026 highlights a growing reliance on military surge capabilities to manage domestic natural disasters. As commercial airtanker fleets face high utilization rates early in the fire season, the strategic value of the MAFFS program becomes increasingly apparent. We note that the year-over-year volatility in retardant volumes, fluctuating from just over 410,000 gallons in 2025 to over a million before September in 2026, presents ongoing readiness and funding challenges for the participating Air National Guard and Air Force Reserve units. These squadrons must balance unpredictable domestic support missions with their primary military readiness and global airlift requirements.
Sources: U.S. National Guard
Photo Credit: Senior Master Sgt. Paula Macomber
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